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Name: FORMTEXT ?????Date: FORMTEXT ?????School: FORMTEXT ?????Facilitator: FORMTEXT ?????4.01 Notes Guide “Shots Heard ‘Round the World”Answer the?4.01 Notes Guide as you review the lesson. Introduction: Can you guess who this man is and what he might have been shouting as he rode through the streets and across the countryside?Preparing for a Fight After the Boston Tea Party, hostility grew between the American colonies and Great Britain. Britain tried to maintain control by passing the Coercive Acts, which ignited the colonists' passion to protect their rights and ended with trade boycotts of British goods. FORMTEXT ?????ordered troops to squash the rebellious American Patriot insurgence at once and maintain order.The FORMTEXT ?????ended on October 26, 1774 and vowed to meet again in the spring. On November 18, King George III responded to the colonist’s plea for help by writing, “The New England colonies are in a state of rebellion, blows must decide.”Patriots Prepare FORMTEXT ????? were American colonists considered “rebels” by King George who were prepared to fight for their rights and independence from Great Britain. They followed the advice of the First Continental Congress to prepare in case of war with Great Britain. FORMTEXT ????? were an army composed of citizens, not professional soldiers, to be used in an emergency. Militias were formed and began to stockpile weapons and store them in the town of Concord, a town about twenty-miles outside of Boston.Patriots who joined these militias were called FORMTEXT ????? because they trained and prepared themselves to be ready to fight on a moment’s notice. Give Me LibertyJust a few days before the first fighting took place, FORMTEXT ?????warned his fellow Virginians to prepare for a coming war: “Gentlemen may cry, “Peace! Peace!’- but there is no peace…The next gale that sweeps from the north will bring to our ears the clash of resounding arms!...Is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? Forbid it, Almighty God! I know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me FORMTEXT ????? or give me death!” The British Are ComingOn April 18, 1775 approximately 700 British soldiers marched out of Boston in a secret plan to seize the weapons and supplies at Concord.Patriots learned about the plan and sent FORMTEXT ?????, Dr. Samuel Prescott, and William Dawes to warn other Patriot leaders across the countryside about the news that the “British were coming.” Paul Revere’s famous “ FORMTEXT ?????” ended when he was captured by the British, but not before he arrived in Lexington around midnight to warn Samuel Adams and John Hancock about the British plan.“Shots Heard Round the World”British troops were deployed to Concord to confiscate weaponry and capture Patriot leaders. In route to Concord, on the morning of April 19, 1775, the "shot heard round the world" was fired at Lexington and the American Revolution began.The Battles of Lexington and Concord are usually viewed as collective battles because they occurred on the same day, April 19, 1775, and were within close proximity to each other. Lexington and Concord marked the first military action of the Revolutionary War.Lexington and ConcordThe minutemen at Lexington would try to stall the British forces to give their fellow patriots at Concord time to disperse the stockpiled weapons before the British arrived on April 19, 1775.About 70 armed minutemen were waiting on the British as they arrived in Lexington at dawn.The British commanded the militia to, “Throw down your arms and you shall come to no harm.”Before the militia could respond, someone fired a shot. No one knows who fired the first “shot heard around the world” at FORMTEXT ?????.British troops fired a volley into the group of colonists and within minutes, eight Americans were killed and ten were wounded.The British marched the five miles to FORMTEXT ????? and burned the weapons left in the militia’s stockpile before heading back to Boston.Back to BostonAmerican militiamen used FORMTEXT ?????, tactics using small surprise raids and knowledge of the terrain to hide movements, against the expertly trained British Redcoats. They hid along the roadside to fire at the British troops who never left their traditional ranks in straight lines.By the time they returned to Boston, more than 270 British Redcoats were wounded, missing, or dead.Second Continental CongressThe FORMTEXT ?????met in May 1775, less than a month after Lexington and Concord to deal with the military crisis, to form a continental army, and to choose a Commander-in-Chief for the army, General FORMTEXT ?????.King George III had already refused to look at the " FORMTEXT ?????," (sent by the First Continental Congress to profess loyalty to the British crown and plead with King George to reach a compromise) before fighting broke out. He affirmed that the colonies were in an open state of rebellion.There were some new faces at the Second Continental Congress including: Benjamin Franklin, John Hancock, and Thomas Jefferson in addition to those who were at the first meeting in 1774, FORMTEXT ?????John Adams, and Patrick Henry among others. Battle of Bunker HillWhile the Second Continental Congress was meeting, British and colonial forces were building around Boston. Approximately 20,000 poorly armed Patriots trapped the British in Boston while they gathered badly needed cannons and other supplies by capturing FORMTEXT ?????from the British in New York. On June 17, 1775 in the Battle of FORMTEXT ?????, British Redcoats, led by Generals Gage and Howe, launched a frontal attack on the colonial forces, which had taken higher ground upon FORMTEXT ?????. Three devastating British attacks ensued and the colonists were forced to retreat from the hill only after using all of their ammunition. The battle was a British victory; however, all was not lost for the American Patriots who lost nearly 400 men compared to over 1,000 British casualties. Although the colonials lost the Battle of Bunker Hill, they gained morale and the respect of British soldiers who now viewed American Patriots as a formidable foe.British General FORMTEXT ?????led the attacks on Bunker Hill and defeated the militia. The British suffered many casualties, including several officers. Although the Americans lost the battle, they gained a newfound confidence. ................
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