TARGILEI SEDER SAGUR



TARGILEI SEDER SAGUR CLOSE ORDER DRILL

OUTLINE:

Definitions

Scope

Purpose

The Madrich/Mefaked

Methods of instruction

The P’kudah and its parts

SECTIONS:

I. Amidot

II. Sidur HaKvutzah

III. P’niyot

IV. Chafshim & P’turim

V. Dricha Ba’makom

VI. Halicha

VII. P’niyot B’Halicha

This booklet has been published in order

to help the Betarim of this Sniff to better

understand the meaning and nature of

Targilei Seder Sagur.

2nd Printing with revisions

effective February 1971

Replaces: 1st printing of

August 25, 1968 and

publication of August 10, 1950

Brit Trumpeldor – Betar of America

Machleket Chinuch v’Hadracha

Compiled and edited by

Shachna Waxman

Edited and corrected, with additions, July, 1999.

Dedicated to the current and future generation of Betarim.

Bivrachat Shalom v Tel Hai

Shachna Waxman

July 25, 1999

Floral Park New York

TelHai@

DEFINITIONS

1. Targil/targilim Exercise/exercises

2. Targilei Seder Drill exercises

3. Targilei Seder Sagur/Tass Close order drill

4. Targilei/Yemuneh HaSadeh Field exercises

5. Misdar Assembly

6. Madrich Instructor/teacher

7. Mefaked Commander

8. P’kudah/p’kudot Order/orders (command/commands)

9. Amidot Standing positions

10. P’niyot Facings/turns

11. Yishor Alignment

12. HaKvutsa The Detail

13. Sidur HaKvutsa Forming the Detail

14. Birvachim In intervals

15. B’S’fira/B’li S’fira By/without the numbers

16. Hitpakdut Counting off

17. Hitpaked Count off

18. Chafshim/P’turim Fall out/Dismissed

19. Tur-Shura/Turim-Shurot Line/Lines

20. Tza’ad/tza’adim Step/steps

21. Hitnahagut ba’shura Conduct in the line

22. Halicha Marching

23. Kadima Forward

24. Kadima Tzeod Forward march

25. Hamida Standing

26. Dricha Ba’makom Marching in place

27. Shinui Chazit Changing front

28. Shinui Kivun Changing direction

29. Ketzev Cadence

30. HaKetzev ha’meshuleshet Triangular cadence

31. Hakdama Preparatory command

32. Tzav Command of execution

33. Hoda’ah Mukdemet Explanation of the command

34. Chazor As you were

35. Mishma’at Discipline

36. Hakshev Listen up

37. Dom Position of Attention

38. Noach Position of At Ease

39. Amida Chafshi Position of Parade Rest

40. Yemina P’nei Right face

41. S’mola P’nei Left face

42. Achora P’nei About face

43. Seman Guide

44. Kavod “ten” Salute/eyes right

45. Kavod “red” Eyes front

46. Mishmar HaKavod Honor/Color Guard

B. SCOPE

While Targilei Seder Sagur described herein, is based on the Army Basic Field Manual – “Infantry Drill Regulations”, it is modified for use in Betar. The execution of many of the p’kudot are based on the Israeli (British) method. The Hebrew commands are taken from the handbook of Targilei Seder published by Netzivut Betar in Eretz Yisrael. The p’kudot are for general use and may be applied to any unit in Betar. However, emphasis is placed on a unit of Tironim. Interpretations should be based on these general provisions and all should learn to use this manual as a guide to common sense solutions of minor problems, which are not specifically covered in this manual. Necessary adaptations should be simple and should not complicate the targilim.

Targilei Seder as described herein represents, to a large extent, a departure from regulations of other Betar branches in other countries. The changes were necessary to suit conditions in this Sniff. The Hebrew commands will aid in the learning of Hebrew, and the preservation of Betar tradition. Therefore, this manual should prove to be a valuable help to Betar leaders.

C. PURPOSE

To enable a Madrich/Mefaked to move his unit from one place to another in an orderly manner and to provide simple formations from which dispositions for emergency purposes may be readily made.

To aid in disciplinary training, by instilling habits of precision and response to the p’kudot of the Madrich.

To provide a means, through ceremonies, of enhancing the morale of units, developing coherence, and giving interesting displays to the public.

D. THE MADRICH/MEFAKED

The Madrich/Mefaked makes sure that he/she knows the p’kudot and the explanations thoroughly before undertaking to teach the subject.

In explaining the targilim, the Madrich should be precise, speak slowly and loudly enough so that everyone in the line will be able to hear.

While giving the p’kudot the Mefaked should be at “Dom”.

The Madrich should take notice of any wrong movement made by anyone in the line. Correction should follow immediately.

The Mefaked should not allow one Betari to correct another while in formation.

The Madrich should not allow any comments while in formation. Should the Madrich make a mistake, he should correct it, but frequent corrections will lead to a lowering of discipline.

The Mefaked should refrain from shouting at anyone in particular. He should remember that he is a Mefaked in Betar and not a “Top Sergeant”.

E. METHODS OF INSTRUCTION

The Madrich briefly explains each movement, fist executing it himself/herself. The Madrich requires the Tironim to take the proper position unassisted, and touches them only for the purpose of correction, when they are unable to correct themselves. The Madrich avoids keeping the Tironim too long at any one position or movement. Each position and movement should be understood before moving on to the next. The Madrich exacts, by degrees, the desired precision and uniformity.

The Mefaked should especially not be lax in the snappy and prompt execution of the p’kudot in Section I, as all other p’kudot will be based primarily on what is taken up in this first phase of instruction.

In teaching the positions in Section I, the Madrich may have a Betari out in front of the group to demonstrate the correct positions. In explaining, the Madrich begins with the feet and works up.

The p’kudot of Dom, Noach and Chafshi are given a number of times until there is evidence that the Tironim have learned to execute them automatically and promptly. For the purposes of instruction, the Mefaked should consider these three p’kudot as one series.

The Madrich continually warns against anticipation.

Since every incidental wrong movement can become a bad habit unless corrected, the Mefaked must be constantly on the lookout for any mistake, no matter how insignificant it may seem. This is possible when the Mefaked sees the tiron from every side. Therefore, the most suitable formation, at least in the beginning, is a “Kvutsa Birvachim”. The unit is called thus when all the Tironim are lined up in one shura, facing front, with everyone at an arm’s length from each other.

Until the Tironim have learned to fall in and dress themselves, in accordance with the proper p’kudot, the Madrich will place them himself. Should the place be too small, it is advisable to place the Tironim in two shurot. In this case, the Tironim of the second shura will stand two paces behind the front row.

Prior to explaining the targilim, the Mefaked shall show the Tironim how to stand at Noach without explaining the details. The Mefaked will tell them to stand in this position and pay attention to him. Then the Mefaked will explain the meaning of “The P’kudah and its Parts”.

F. THE P’KUDAH AND ITS PARTS

The p’kudah has two parts: a) hakdama – preparation and b) tzav – execution.

There is a short interval between the two parts. The Hakdama precedes the Tzav.

Example: Yemina (hakdama)….. P’nei (tzav)

The purpose of the hakdama is to inform the Kvutsa which targil is to be done. In order to further prepare the Kvutsa, a Hoda’ah Mukdemet is added, which explains the targil.

Example: HaKvutsa tifnei la’yemin

A complete command would be as follows:

Hoda’ah mukdemet HaKvutsa tifnei la’yemin

Hakdama Yemina

Tzav P’nei

The Tzav is pronounced as if it were one syllable. In case a Tzav has more than one syllable, it must be pronounced as if it were one. This is done by swallowing part of the p’kudah.

Example: Hakshev pronounced as “Shev” as a tzav.

The p’kudah is given in a natural and loud voice. The Hoda’ah Mukdemet is pronounced fully. In the hakdama, all the syllables are distinct; the last syllable is emphasized more and is usually held for a minimum of 4 and a maximum of 8 counts (6 is also a possibility). The tzav is short and snappy.

“Chazor” - “As you were” - is a tzav which cancels the previous p’kudah, whether it was given in its entirety or in part; whether the Tironim have just begun it or have just finished it. However, should a few seconds have passed after the execution of the command, the Madrich is not allowed to use Chazor to return the Tironim to their former position. In order to do that, the Madrich must use the proper p’kudah. After the p’kudah of Achora P’nei, Chazor is never given.

A. SECTIONS

SECTION I AMIDOT

1. Amidat Dom

Name of Targil: Dom: Attention: done from Noach or Hakshev

The P’kudah: Machlaka Ta’avo l’Dom

Machlaka (Amod) Dom

Method: In assuming the position of Dom, the heels are brought together smartly and audibly in two counts.

Achat – lift the left foot making a 90 degree angle at the

knee; shtayim – bring the left foot down smartly next to

the right. The arms are brought over to the sides of the

body.

Position: a) Heels on the same line, and as near each other as

the confirmation of the body will allow.

b) Feet turned out equally forming a 45-degree angle

c) Knees straight; legs not bent

d) Hips level and drawn back slightly; body erect and

resting equally on hips; chest lifted and arched; shoulders

square and falling equally.

e) Arms hanging down; elbows locked – so that the thumbs are along the seams of the trousers; hands are in a fist.

f) Head erect and squarely to the front; chin drawn in slightly; eyes straight to the front.

g) Weight of the body resting equally on the heels and the balls of the feet.

Note: The position of Dom is the basic condition of order from which all other targilim are executed.

2. Amidat Noach

Name of Targil: Noach: At-ease: done from the position of Dom

The P’kudah Machlaka Ta’avo l’Noach

Amod Noach

Method: Move the left leg smartly to the left 12 inches; in two counts – the opposite of that in the movement in Dom. Keep the knees locked and legs straight. At the same time clasp the hands, at full length, behind the back.

Position: a) Legs 12 inches apart; knees locked.

b) Weight of the body rests equally on both feet.

c) Hands clasped behind the back.

d) Preserve silence; body absolutely immobile.

e) Toes are on a straight line

NOTE: Noach is a state of rest as well as attention

3. Amidat Chafshi

Name of Targil: Amidat Chafshi: Parade Rest: done from Noach or Hakshev

The P’kudah Amida Chafshi

Method: The hands are moved up to the small of the back.

Position: a) Hands are clasped at small of the back.

b) Legs are 12 inches apart as in Noach.

c) The right foot is kept in place .

d) Absolute silence and immobility are not required

e) The body is relaxed

NOTE: While at Amida Chafshi it is allowed to make minor adjustments to the uniform. No loud talking is permitted. This is the most relaxed position.

4. Hakshev

Name of Targil: Hakshev

The P’kudah Hakshev or Shev

Method: This position is the same as that of Noach. It is a condition of preparedness for further p’kudot. It is the psychological expression of what may be termed Mishma’at – discipline. The Betari must fulfill it immediately no matter what he is doing; where or when. The Madrich must always be conscious of the meaning of Hakshev. He should not think of it lightly, nor let the Betarim do so.

When the command is given, the Betari shall assume a stiff position of Noach. They will stop what they are doing and drop anything in their hands. The p’kudah is given before the lining up of the Kvutsa, at the end of class, and at any time an important announcement has to be made. It also may be used to gain silence.

‘’’

SECTION II SIDUR HAKVUTSA

5. Histadrut

Name of Targil: Histadrut HaKvutsa: Assembling the Kvutsa

The P’kudah: L’fi HaSeman Histader

Method: After the p’kudah of Hakshev has been given, the Madrich/Mefaked will appoint as many Semanim as needed. He/she will call each Seman by name. Each Seman will come to Dom and then return to Noach to show the Madrich that he has understood the p’kudah and is ready to execute it. At the command of Seman Yemini/Smoli – Seman Eylai, the Seman will come to Dom and run up to the Madrich. He will take a full arms distance out to the Madrich. The Seman will then assume the position of Noach. Additional Semanim will take their arm’s distances to the Seman in front of them. On the p’kudah of Seman/Semanim Chen, the Seman/Semanim will assume the position of Dom.

The Madrich will now give the command – L’fi HaSeman Histader. Each Betari will come to Dom, and run up and take their places in the shura/shurot. As each Betari comes into line, he/she will take a full arms distance to the right/left (La’yemin or La’Smol Sher) depending on where the Seman is. After taking ones distance the Betari will come to Dom. Those in the second and third rows etc. will take their distances to the line in front of them. All Betarim should now be at Dom and awaiting future orders.

NOTE: It is preferable to use a Seman Yemini, which will make p’kudot numbers 9-12 easier to execute.

6. LaYemin/LaSmol Sher

Name of Targil: Yishor HaKvutsa: Aligning the Kvutsa

The P’kudah: LaYemin/LaS’mol Sher

Method: The Kvutsa being formed at this point, there may be the need to cover up spaces and to assume the correct distances. On the command, those in the first row, with the exception of the Seman, will snap their heads to the right/left, at the same time extending their arms to the right/left at their own shoulder level. If need be, the Betarim will “slide” to the right/left until their fist touches the shoulder of the Betari to their right/left.

Those Betarim in the second and thirds rows etc. will turn their heads to the right/left without raising their arms. To get the proper distance to the line in front, the Seman will take an arms distance forward to the line in front, and the rest of the shura will form up on the same line as the Seman. The kvutsa will keep this position until ordered to return to Dom with the command of L’Chazit Shuv.

7. L’Chazit Shuv

Name of Targil: Yishor HaKvutsa

The P’kudah : L’Chazit Shuv

Method: On the command, the arms are dropped sharply to the side, and all heads are snapped front, thus assuming the position of Dom. The kvutsa is now ready to execute all further commands.

8. Hitpakdut

Name of Targil: Hitpakdut HaKvutsa: Counting off

The P’kudah: Hitpaked

Method: On the tzav part of Hitpaked (ked), all, with the exception of the Seman, will snap their heads to the right/left. As the heads snap to the side, the line starts counting off starting with the Seman who is achat. As you say your number, you snap your head to the front assuming the proper position of Dom. The Seman of the second shura picks up the count from the last person in the first row, and so on down the line, until all members of the kvutsa have counted off.

9. Litsmadim

Name of Targil: Litsmadim: to form 2 shurot from 1,

or 4 shurot from 2

The P’kudah: Litsmadim Tzor

Method: Numbers 2, 4, 6 etc. take one step to the rear with the left foot; then move the right foot one step to the right so that they are directly behind numbers 1, 3, 5 etc., and then close with the left foot to the right. Use the Ketzev HaMeshuleshet to assist in the execution of this targil. The arms remain at the side of the body during this targil.

If 4 lines are to be formed from 2 then: while the back row executes the targil in the above manner, the front row will execute the following: numbers 2, 4, 6 will take one step forward with the left foot; then move the right foot one step to the right winding up directly in front of numbers 1, 3, 5 etc., and then close with the left foot to the right. To return to 1 or 2 lines the command L’Shura Achat/L’Shnei Shurot Chazor is given.

10. L’Shura Achat/L’Shnei Shurot Chazor

Name of Targil: Chazor HaKvutsa: Returning the Kvutsa

The P’kudah: L’Shura Achat/L’Shnei Shurot Chazor

Method: If two lines had been formed: numbers 2, 4, 6 etc of the back row take one step to the left with the left foot, one step forward with the right foot, and then close with the left foot to the right.

If four lines had been formed: while the back line executes the targil as above, the front line executes the following: numbers 2, 4, 6 etc take one step to the left with the left foot, one step back with the right foot and then close with the left foot to the right.

11. L’Shloshot

Name of Targil: L’Shloshot: to form 3 lines from 1

The P’kudah: L’Shloshot Tzor

Method: Numbers 1, 4, 7 etc. take one step to the front with the right foot, step one step to the left with the left foot, and close with the right to the left – winding up in front of numbers 2, 5, 8 etc. Numbers 3, 6, 9 etc. take one step to the rear with the left foot, one step to the right with the right foot, and close with left to the right – winding up behind numbers 2, 5, 8 etc. To return to one shura the command L’Shura Achat Chazor is given.

12. L’Shura Achat Chazor

Name of Targil: Chazor HaKvutsa

The P’kudah: L’Shura Achat Chazor

Method: Numbers 1, 4, 7 etc take one step to the right with the right foot, one step to the rear with the left foot, and close with the right foot to the left. Numbers 3, 6, 9 etc. take one step to the left with the left foot, one step forward with the right foot, and close with the left foot to the right.

NOTES: a) In the above series of p’kudot (9-12) the second step

in the command – the one done to the side (rear or

forward) is actually a step diagonally in the direction

desired.

b) This series of p’kudot should be executed with a

Seman Yemini.

c) This series of p’kudot are to be done from close

intervals (Chatzi Rivachim – half arms distance) ONLY.

d) After the command L’Shura Achat Chazor it may

be necessary to re-align the kvutsa – Yishor

HaKvutsa. The command LaYemin/LaSmol Sher

Is to be given to accomplish that task.

BETARIM HITPAKED

SECTION III P’NIYOT

NOTE: All p’niyot are done from the position of Dom.

13. P’niya Yemina

Name of Targil: P’niya Yemina: right face

The P’kudah: Machlaka Tifnei LaYemin

Yemina P’nei

Method: At first this targil should be done b’sfira, to make the learning of the targil easier. On “achat” pivot to the right 90 degrees on the right heel and left toe. On ‘shlosh” lift the left foot making a 90 degree angle at the knee. On “achat” bring the left foot down smartly beside the right. You start at the position of Dom and you end up at the position of Dom. The arms should not swing from the sides while making the turn.

Note: In the beginning the Tiron may have to hold onto the seams on their pants/skirts to keep their arms from swinging.

14. Tafnit Yemina

Name of Targil: Tafnit Yemina: half right face

The P’kudah: Machlaka Tafnit Yemina

Chatzi Yemina P’nei

Method: This command is executed in the same manner as a P’niya Yemina. The only difference is that it is made to the right at a 45 degree angle, which is half a full Yemina P’nei.

15. P’niya S’mola

Name of Targil: P’niya S’mola: left face

The P’kudah: Machlaka Tifnei LaS’mol

S’mola P’nei

Method: This p’kudah is done in practically the same manner as a P’niya Yemina except that it is done to the left. The pivot is done on the left heel and right toe 90 degrees to the left. The right foot is brought up to a 90-degree angle at the knee and then brought down smartly to the left foot.

16. Tafnit S’mola

Name of Targil: Tafnit S’mola: half left face

The P’kudah Machlaka Tafnit S’mola

Chatzi S’mola P’nei

Method: This targil is done in the same manner as a P’niya S’mola, except that it is done to the left at a 45 degree angle, which is half a full S’mola P’nei.

17. P’niya Achora

Name of Targil: P’niya Achora: about face

The P’kudah Machlaka Tifnei L’Achor

Achora P’nei

Method: The following targil is executed in the same manner as a P’niya Yemina. The difference is that it is done completely about at a turn of 180 degrees. The most important thing to remember in the execution of this targil is that it must be done quickly enough so that the chanich does not loose his/her balance. Use the Ketzev HaMeshuleshet to assist in the execution of this targil.

17a. P’niya Kadima

Name of Targil: P’niya Kadima: front face

The P’kudah: Machlaka Tifnei Kadima

Kadima P’nei

Stop: You’re thinking that there is no such command; and technically you are right. But, this is one of those adaptations

of the basic commands that developed over the years, in

response to a particular circumstance:

Circumstance/Method: Two kvutsot lined up facing each other across a Misdar ground. At the head of the assembly is the Mefaked, who desires both lines to turn and face him so

that all the chanichim in each line are lined up one behind the other. He could command the line on his right to execute a S’mola P’nei and the line on his left to execute a Yemina P’nei; instead he gives the command of Kadima P’nei. Knowing what is required, the Kvutsa on his right will execute a S’mola P’nei and the one on the right will execute a Yemina P’nei.

To return the kvutsot to the previous position another adaptation can be used: Machlaka Tifnei LaEmtza,

LaEmtza P’nei: center/inside face. The line to the Mefaked’s right will execute a Yemina P’nei while the one on his left executes a S’mola P’nei.

SECTION IV CHAFSHIM & P’TURIM

18. Chafshim

Name of Targil: Chafshim: Dispersal

The P’kudah: Chafshim

Method: All will make a P’niya Yemina to the normal ketzev. All will then wait in place while counting to three, silently. After counting, all will disperse.

NOTE: This p’kudah is given to disperse the line temporarily.

Therefore, the Betarim are not permitted to leave the area, except with special permission.

19. P’turim

Name of Targil: P’turim: Dismissal

The P’kudah: P’turim

Method: The p’kudah is done in the same manner as Chafshim. After making the P’niya Yemina and counting

to three, the Betarim will step out from their places on the left foot; they will continue marching until they are clear of the area.

NOTE: This p’kudah is given in order to dismiss the assembly.

SECTION V DRICHA BA’MAKOM

20. Dricha Ba’makom

Name of Targil: Dricha Ba’makom: Marching in place

The P’kudah: Ba’makom Droch: done from the position of Dom or from Halicha (marching)

Method: If given from Dom: on the tzav “Droch”, step in place alternately with the left foot then the right. If given while marching: the tzav “Droch” is given as the left foot strikes the ground. Step forward on the right foot, and then step in place alternately with the left and then the right foot.

NOTE: While at Bamakom Droch, the arms are kept at the sides.

21. Amod

Name of Targil: Amod: Stop

The P’kudah: Machlaka Amod

Method: Given as the left foot strikes the ground; bring down

the right foot and close with it. Remain standing at Dom.

NOTE: This is a one-count stop.

BAMAKOM DROCH

SECTION VI HALICHA

22. Halicha

Name of Targil: Halicha: Going forward

The P’kudah: Machlaka Kadima Tzeod: done from the position of Dom.

Method: On the tzav “Tzeod”, step out with the left foot and

continue marching alternately left and right. While marching your body should be at Dom. Swing the arms easily in their natural arc. To halt, the p’kudah Machlaka Amod is given.

NOTE: The Seman should especially be careful while marching,

That he does so in a straight line to the front. He can

best do so if he draws an imaginary line from his eyes

to some object in front of him.

23. Amod

Name of Targil: Amod

The P’kudah: Machlaka Amod: given while marching

Method: Given as the left foot strikes the ground. Step forward

with the right foot and close with left. This is a two count

stop.

There is also another Amod which is used for ceremonies and

parades. It is called the Triangular Stop and it is done in three

counts as follows:

Method: Given as the left foot strikes the ground.

1- Step to the right with the right foot on a 45-degree angle.

2- Step forward with the left foot.

3- Close with the right foot to the left.

24. Kadima

Name of Targil: Kadima: Forward march

The P’kudah: Machlaka Kadima Tzeod: given from Ba’makom Droch

Method: Given as the left foot strikes the ground. Step in place

with the right foot; step out with the left foot and continue

marching straight forward.

24a. LeAchora

Name of Targil: LeAchora: To the rear step

The P’kudah: Machlaka B’ “ “ Tza’adim

LeAchora Tzeod

Another one of those great adaptations. Refer back to number 17a.

Circumstance: You have the same two kvutsot facing each other; but they are too close together and you need them to back away from each other – lets say five steps. You give the command: Machlaka B’Chameish Tza’adim, LeAchora Tzeod.

Method: Starting with the left foot, the lines back up. The last step is always the closing step, therefore, the lines only back-up four steps. To assist with this command, you should count out the steps: achat, shtayim, shalosh, arba, Amod (chameish).

SECTION VII P’NIYOT B’HALICHA

A. L’TUR CHAZIT – CHANGING FRONT

NOTE: All the commands in this section are executed by everyone at the same time. These commands are also known as “flanking turns”, and are given while the Kvutsa is marching.

25. L’Tur Chazit Yemina

Name of Targil: Tur Chazit Yemina: right flanking turn

The P’kudah: Machlaka –Tur Chazit LaYemin

Yemina P’nei

Method: The Tzav “P’nei” is given as the left foot strikes the

ground. The p’kudah is executed in six counts:

1- Step forward with the right foot.

2- Step forward with the left foot.

3- Pivot 90 degrees to the right as in Yemina P’nei – on the right heel and left toe.

4/5 – Bring the left foot up to the right and take two steps

place – left, right.

6- Step out with the left foot to the new direction. Count 6

is a continuation of the line of march.

26. L’Tur Chazit S’mola

Name of the Targil: Tur Chazit S’mola: left flanking turn

The P’kudah: Machlaka – Tur Chazit LaS’mol

S’mola P’nei

Method: The Tzav “P’nei” is given as the left foot strikes the

ground. The p’kudah is executed in six counts:

1- Step forward with the right foot.

2- Pivot 90 degrees to the left as in a S’mola P’nei – on the

left heel and right toe.

3/4/5- Bring the right foot up to the left and take three

steps in place – right, left, right.

6- Step out with the left foot to the new direction. Count 6

is a continuation of the line of march.

27. L’Tur Chazit Achora

Name of Targil: Tur Chazit Achora: rear flanking turn

The P’kudah: Machlaka – Tur Chazit L’Achor

Achora P’nei

Method: The Tzav “P’nei” is given as the left foot strikes the

ground. The p’kudah is executed in six counts:

1- Step forward on the right foot.

2- Step forward on the left foot, at the same time pushing off with the right foot – pivoting around 180 degrees, an Achora P’nei. On the pivot you raise the right foot.

3/4/5- Bring the right foot back to the left, taking three

steps in place – right, left, right.

6- Step out with the left foot to the new direction. Count 6

is a continuation of the line of march.

NOTE: This is one of the most difficult commands to execute, and will need to be reviewed many times before the Tironim can do it correctly. Don’t spend too much time on this Targil at any one session or the Tironim might become frustrated.

To assist in the execution of the commands in the above section -numbers 25, 26, and 27, the Madrich should count out the six counts: achat, shtayim, shalosh, arba chameish, S’mol (sheish).

B. B’SHURAT OREF – CHANGING DIRECTION

NOTE: This series of p’kudot can only be done when you have one line marching forward, one chanich behind the other, at full arms distance to the chanich in front. These commands are considered “turns cutting the corner”.

28. Shinu’i Kivun Yemina

Name of Targil: Shinu’i Kivun Yemina

The P’kudah: Machlaka – Shanei Kivun LaYemin

Yemina P’nei

Method: The Tzav “P’nei” is given as the left foot strikes the

ground, but the command is not executed by the unit as a

whole. While the first chanich executes the command, the

rest of the shura keeps marching forward or in place, giving

each chanich time to complete the p’kudah. Each chanich in

turn executes the command in the same spot as the first

chanich did.

The p’kudah is executed in four counts:

1- Step forward on the right foot.

2- Step forward on the left foot

3- Pivot 90 degrees to the right as in a Yemina P’nei –

on the right heel and left toe.

4- Step out with the left foot in the new direction. Count

4 is a continuation of the line of march.

NOTE: Each chanich in turn will execute the same four counts as they reach the point at which the first chanich executed the command. The steps they take in place or forward do not count as part of the counts of the targil. After the completion of the turn, each chanich must watch their distance to the chanich in front.

29. Shinu’i Kivun S’mola

Name of Targil: Shinu’i Kivun S’mola

The P’kudah: Machlaka – Shanei Kivun LaS’mol

S’mola P’nei

Method: This targil is executed in the same manner as the one above except that it is done to the left, also in four counts.

1- Step forward on the right foot.

2- Pivot 90 degrees to the left as in a S’mola P’nei – on the

left heel and right toe.

3- Close with the right foot to the left.

4- Step out with the left foot in the new direction. Count 4 is a continuation of the line of march.

C. HA’YEMIN AND HA’SMOl – CHANGING DIRECTION

NOTE: This series of p’kudot are used when you have more than one line and are called “wheeling turns”. It can also be used when you have one shura formed to the side and not one behind the other.

30. Ha’Yemin

The Targil: Ha’Yemin: right wheeling turn

The P’kudah: Machlaka Tifnei LaYemin

Ha’Yemin

Method: On the tzav part of Ha’Yemin (min) the kvutsa will start to wheel around to the right 90 degrees. It is accomplished in this manner:

The Seman makes his turn, taking very small steps, marching in place; each successive chanich along the line of march will take larger steps to keep in line with the Seman. After the shura has completed its turn it will continue marching in the new direction. Each shura executes the command in the same manner.

NOTE: The shura must be kept straight while making the turn, and should not march out to the new direction until each chanich has finished the turn. It is up to the Seman to watch when his line has completed the to say S’mol when the last chanich has completed the turn to let the shura know they can go forward.

31. Ha’S’mol

Name of Targil: Ha’S’mol: left wheeling turn

The P’kudah: Machlaka Tifnei LaS’mol

S’mola P’nei

Method: This p’kudah is executeed in the same manner as

Ha’Yemin, but to the left side, using a Seman S’moli.

32. Acharonim Ba’Oref

Name of Targil: Acharonim Ba’Oref

The P’kudah: Machlaka

Acharonim Ba’Oref

Note: This p’kudah is given when the kvutsa, at the Mefaked’s instructions, has executed either Amod or Bamakom Droch, and at a time when only part of the kvutsa has completed the turns of Ha’Yemin or Ha’S’mol.

Method: The Betarim who haven’t completed the change in direction (Ha’Yemin/Ha’S’mol) will assume their correct positions in the new line of march using the shortest route.

BETARIM

TEL HAI

Editor’s notes and comments:

It has been a pleasure editing this publication for your use. It brought back

very pleasant memories. I hope this document will prove useful to current and future Madrichim and Chanichim. This manual is an important document in the understanding and teaching of Tekes Betar – the Ceremony of Betar. Tekes Betar also encompasses Tilboshet and Shira.

I have used many terms interchangeably during the editing process:

Chanich/Tiron/Betari

Shura/line

P’kudah/command

Targil/exercise

Madrich/Mefaked

Machlaka/kvutsa

For the purpose of this document they are one and the same.

In closing I would like to quote Jabotinsky:

HaNoar Ki Imanu

He Atid Hu Lanu

Keep up the good work.

Chuck “Shachna” Waxman

Mefaked Mishmar Ha’Kavod 1966-1973

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