AP Human Geo Ch 9 Urban Geo Reader’s Notes



#When and Why did People Start Living in Cities? p. 288-3041Define the term for “urban.” (From your textbook-not the internet)Answer: 2Human communities have existed for 100,000 years, but archaeological evidence indicates that people established the first cities about _______ years ago.Answer: 3The very early developing agricultural societies were about the same size, and contained about the same number of possessions and sharing of goods. This is considered to be a reflection of what type of lifestyle?Answer: 4In which region of the world did the first urban development originate?Answer: 5What are the two components that enabled cities to stabilize and grow?Answer: Answer: 6What is another word for the urban elite found in the textbook?Answer: 7What is the term which geographers use for “the innovation of the city?”Answer: 8List the location of the six urban hearths.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 9What structures dominated the urban landscape of the ancient Mesopotamia?Answer: 10What was the approximate population of Mesopotamia and the Nile Valley?Answer: 11Urban places in the ancient world were considered a geographical ________ in the overwhelmingly rural world.Answer: 12Why would Greece be more accurately described as a secondary hearth of urbanization?Answer: 13What is the meaning and the purpose of the word acropolis? (From your textbook-not the internet)Meaning: Purpose: 14What is the most famous building in Greece built on an acropolis?Answer: 15What is the meaning and purpose of the word agora? (From your textbook-not the internet)Meaning: Purpose: 16Rome created a huge urban system and connected them by three methods. List the 3 methods.1. 2. 3. 17Define the term “site.” (From your textbook-not the internet)Definition: 18What does the relative location of a city refer to?Answer: 19What is the term for the layout of the city and the physical form and structure?Answer: 20What does the functional zonation of a city reveal?Answer: 21What Roman building was created based on the Greek concept of theater?Answer: 22Where did urban growth appear after the fall of Rome and during the Middle-Ages?Answer: 23Why did the domination of inner cities decline after the rise of European exploration in the 1400s?Answer: 24Finish this sentence: During the 16th and 17th centuries European mercantile cities became the nodes of a widening network of ____, ______, and______ ______.Answer: Answer: Answer: Where are Cities Located and Why? p. 304-30825In a model urban hierarchy, the population of a city, town or village is inversely proportional to its rank in the system, this is known as the _____________.Answer: 26Who is credited with establishing th3e mathematical equation for the rank-size rule?Answer: 27Define the term “primate city” according to the 1939 geographer, Mark Jefferson in your textbook.Definition: 28Why do many former colonies have primate cities?Answer: 29Walter Christaller attempted to develop a model to predict how and where central places in the urban hierarchy would be functionally and spatially distributed. What is this model called?Answer: 30What is the shape of each of the central places trade area in Christaller’s Central Place Theory?Answer: 31The response of the urban system of the American South and Southwest to the influx of migrants over the past three decades conforms to predictions of central place theory. This is called the ________ phenomenon.Answer: How are Cities Organized, and How Do They Function? p. 308-31432Define the term “functional zonation.” (From your textbook-not the internet)Definition: 33Define the term “central city.” (From your textbook-not the internet)Definition: 34Define the term “suburb.” (From your textbook-not the internet)Definition: 35Define the term “suburbanization.” (From your textbook-not the internet)Definition: 36In Burgess’ concentric zone model, the zone of transition (2) became ___________.Answer:37What model did Harris and Ullman propose that recognizes that the CBD was losing its dominant position?Answer: 38Define the term “edge city.” (From your textbook-not the internet)Definition: 39What is the core of the city called? See figure 9.22 pg. 310Answer: 40What the three models are represented in Figure 9.22?1. 2. 3. 41What are the four criteria that characterize primate cities in developing countries?1. 2. 3. 4. 42What are the two major megacities mentioned from the textbook in Middle and South America?Answer: Answer: 43What is the name of the model developed in 1980 for South American cities?Answer: 44In the Griffin-Ford Model for Latin American cities where are the Shantytowns located?Answer: 45Describe “Shantytowns.” (From your textbook-not the internet)Description: 46The disamenity sectors, a structural element of many Latin American cities are illustrated by _______________ or ______________.Answer: 47What region in the world is the both least urbanized and the most rapidly urbanizing realm?Answer: 48How many CBD’s do most African cities actually have?Answer: 49What are the names of the CBD’s according to Figure 9.26?1. 2. 3. 50According to the McGee Model, where is the focal point of the Southeast Asian city?Answer: 51What foreign merchant group dominates the alien commercial zone in Southeast Asian cities?Answer: 52How do cities define areas of the city and designate the kinds of development allowed in each zone?Answer: 53Comparing Lomé, Togo to a suburb of Tokyo one is struck by the fact that the urban morphology reflects the fact that Angola lacks a __________ class.Answer: 54How did financial institutions in the business of lending money reinforce segregation?Answer: 55Define the term “redlining.” (From your textbook-not the internet)Definition: 56Describe “blockbusting.” (From your textbook-not the internet)Description: 57Describe the process of “gentrification.” (From your textbook-not the internet)Description: 58The core area suburbs are experiencing a process of the tearing down of existing suburban homes and the building of very large, standardized looking homes known as?Answer: 59The decline in density and the spread of cities associated with the building of freeways in the second half of the twentieth century has been pejoratively referred to as?Answer: 60Geographer David Harvey is one of the strongest critics of _____________, the privatization of public space and loss of “character” of neighborhoods.Answer: 61What is the chief objective of “gated communities?”Answer: 62What European country has a great deal of public housing and few ethnic neighborhoods within the public housing units?Country: 63Housing in the slum area, Kiberia in Nairobi, Kenya is occupied by Luo and Luhya peoples of western and northwester Kenya and is owned by whom?Answer: 64Define the term “informal economy.” (From your textbook-not the internet)Definition: 65New York’s Times Square and Berlin’s Potzdammer Platz are examples of giant media reshaping cities into_________.Answer: ................
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