The GNU C Library Reference Manual

The GNU C Library Reference Manual

The GNU C Library

Reference Manual

Sandra Loosemore

with

Richard M. Stallman, Roland McGrath, Andrew Oram, and Ulrich Drepper

for version 2.38

This is The GNU C Library Reference Manual, for version 2.38.

Copyright c 1993¨C2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of

the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the

Free Software Foundation; with the Invariant Sections being ¡°Free Software Needs Free

Documentation¡± and ¡°GNU Lesser General Public License¡±, the Front-Cover texts being

¡°A GNU Manual¡±, and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the license is

included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".

(a) The FSF¡¯s Back-Cover Text is: ¡°You have the freedom to copy and modify this GNU

manual. Buying copies from the FSF supports it in developing GNU and promoting software

freedom.¡±

i

Short Contents

1

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

2

Error Reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

3

Virtual Memory Allocation And Paging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

4

5

Character Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

String and Array Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

6

Character Set Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141

7

Locales and Internationalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184

8

9

Message Translation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204

Searching and Sorting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229

10 Pattern Matching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240

11 Input/Output Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262

12 Input/Output on Streams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

13 Low-Level Input/Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344

14 File System Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405

15 Pipes and FIFOs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453

16 Sockets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 458

17 Low-Level Terminal Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507

18 Syslog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 536

19 Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 544

20 Arithmetic Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 612

21 Date and Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 660

22 Resource Usage And Limitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 698

23 Non-Local Exits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 719

24 Signal Handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 728

25 The Basic Program/System Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 773

26 Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 817

27 Inter-Process Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 829

28 Job Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 831

29 System Databases and Name Service Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 849

30 Users and Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 859

31 System Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 889

32 System Configuration Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 904

33 Cryptographic Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 926

 ................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download