Subject: - Currituck County Schools
|Subject: Chemistry |Timeframe Needed for Completion: |
|Grade Level: 10th |7 Days |
|Unit 9: Gas Laws, Structure of matter and phase diagrams | |
|Students will be able to: |
|• Draw phase diagrams of water and carbon dioxide (shows how sublimation occurs). Identify regions, phases and phase changes using a phase diagram. |
|• Use phase diagrams to determine information such as (1) phase at a given temperature and pressure, (2) boiling point or melting point at a given pressure, (3) triple point of a material. |
|• Explain physical equilibrium: liquid water-water vapor. Vapor pressure depends on temperature and concentration of particles in solution. (Conceptual only – no calculations) |
|• Explain how the energy (kinetic and potential) of the particles of a substance changes when heated, cooled, or changing phase. |
|• Identify pressure as well as temperature as a determining factor for phase of matter. |
|• Contrast heat and temperature, including temperature as a measure of average kinetic energy, and appropriately use the units Joule, Celsius, and Kelvin. |
|Identify characteristics of ideal gases. |
|• Apply general gas solubility characteristics. |
|• Apply the following formulas and concepts of kinetic molecular theory. |
|1. 1 mole of any gas at STP=22.4 L |
|2. Ideal gas equation (PV=nRT), Combined gas law (P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2) and applications holding one variable constant: for PV=k, P1V1 = P2V2; for V/T=k, V1/T1= V2/T2; for P/T=k, P1/T1 = P2/T2. Note: Students |
|should be able to derive and use these gas laws, but are not necessarily expected to memorize their names. |
|3. Avogadro’s law (n/V=k), n1/V1 = n1/V2 |
|4. Dalton’s law (Pt=P1+P2+P3 …) |
|5. Vapor pressure of water as a function of temperature (conceptually). |
|Use mole ratios from the balanced equation to calculate the quantity of one substance in a reaction given the quantity of another substance in the reaction. (given moles, particles, mass, or volume and ending |
|with moles, particles, mass, or volume of the desired substance) |
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|Essential Questions: |Goals: |
|How would you describe the assumption of the Kinetic Molecular Theory? | |
|2. What information do you need to perform pressure and temperature conversions? |2.1.3 Interpret the data presented in phase diagrams |
|3. How would you describe the relationship between volume and pressure of a gas? |2.1.1. Explain the energetic nature of phase diagrams |
|4. How would you describe the relationship between volume and temperature of a gas? |2.1.5 Explain the relationships among pressure, temperature, volume, and quantity of gas, both |
|5. How are the pressure, volume, temperature, and moles of a gas related? |qualitative and quantitative |
| |2.2.4 Analyze the stoichiometric relationships inherent in a chemical reaction |
|6. How is the total pressure of a sample of gases related to the partial pressure of each gas in the | |
|sample? | |
|7. Using a phase diagram, how can you determine a phase at a given temperature/pressure, the boiling or| |
|melting point of a substance? | |
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|Essential Skills/Vocabulary: |Activities: |
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| |KMT Practice Questions |
|Know characteristics of ideal gases |Introducing Direct and Indirect Relationships |
|Apply general gas solubility characteristics |Boyle’s, Charles’ & Combined Gas Law Problems |
|Apply formulas and concepts of kinetic molecular theory. |Boyles’ Law Lab |
|Heating curve |Exploring Ideal Gas Law |
|Phase diagram |Ideal Gas law Problems |
| |Dalton’s Law Practice Problems |
| |Writing activity: Explain to Aunt Heloise the combined gas law in relation to Boyles, Charles and Gay |
| |Lu Sacs |
| |Use phase diagrams |
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|Animations on the Web: |
|Boyle’s Law |
|Charles Law |
|Ideal Gas Law |
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|Ideal Gas Law Practice |
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|Interactive Ideal Gas Law Calculations |
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|Dalton’s Law Practice |
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