Cambridge Rindge and Latin School



Cambridge Rindge and Latin School

Honors Chemistry Course Syllabus

Teachers: Mrs. Sarah Caruso Course : AP Chemistry I, S502

scaruso@cpsd.us Course Categories: AP

617-349-6661 Grades: 9-12

(Email preferred) Length of Course: 1 Semester

|I. Course Description: |

| |

|Advanced Placement Chemistry is a college level course using a college textbook in which the student will study the composition, structure, |

|and properties of substances and the changes they undergo. Chemistry is a Physical Science that involves study of the living world as well as|

|the non-living and branches into areas of organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry, biochemistry, and analytical chemistry. |

|Some of the topics that will be covered include atomic structure, bonding, stoichiometry, periodic law, states of matter, solution chemistry, |

|kinetics, equilibrium, acid/base theory, oxidation reduction, thermodynamics, and nuclear chemistry. Chemistry is an experimental science, |

|and a significant part of the course will be spent in laboratory investigations, several of which will be guided inquiry. |

|The course follows the new curriculum developed by the College Board for AP Chemistry. For more information, visit the following web site and|

|click on “AP Chemistry Course and Exam Description.” . |

| |

|Pre-requisite: Successful completion of CP or Honors Chemistry. In rare cases, exceptions will be made if a student demonstrates competency |

|in the topics of a first year chemistry course and evidence of strong work habits. |

| |

|Note: Instruction and materials will be accommodated and modified in accordance with IEP’s and ELL student needs.] |

|II. Essential Questions and Understandings |

| |

|There are a few overarching themes of the course that are relevant to many of the topics in chemistry. Students will be asked to use examples|

|from the concepts addressed in each of the four quarters to answer the following essential questions: |

|Why do some chemical reactions and physical changes happen spontaneously while others require work (such as the input of heat energy)? |

|How does atomic structure influence the properties of elements and compounds? |

|How do energy and the forces within and between particles explain the behavior of matter? |

| |

|The overall goals of this course are: |

|To gain knowledge of the facts, principles, and processes of chemistry. |

|To develop objective problem solving skills that are useful beyond the study of chemistry. |

|To nurture an understanding that science is a human endeavor with social consequences. |

|To succeed on the AP exam and receive college credit. |

|III. Major Units: |

|(See attached pages for more detail) |

|A. Matter and Measurement |

|B. Reactions and Stoichiometry |

|C. Thermochemistry |

|D. Electronic Structure and Bonding |

|E. States of Matter |

|F. Kinetics |

|G. Equilibrium |

|H. Thermodynamics |

|I. Electrochemistry |

| |

|Major Text(s): |

|Chemistry: The Central Science, edition,T. L. Brown, H. E. LeMay, Jr., B. E. Bursten, C. J. Murphy, P. M. Woodward, 12th AP edition, Pearson,|

|Prentice Hall, 2012. |

|Laboratory Experiments for Advanced Placement Chemistry, S. A. Vonderbrink, Flinn Scientific, 2001. |

|Chemistry with Calculators, D. D. Holmquist, J. Randall, and D. Volz, Vernier, Beaverton, Oregon, 2000. |

|V. Types of Student Work and Assessments: |

|Over the course of the semester, students will complete a variety of work and assessments. These may include, but are not limited to: |

|Group Work • Self Assessments and Reflections |

|Projects • Tests and Quizzes |

|Lab Work and Reporting • Midterm Exam |

|Homework • Final Exam |

|Oral Presentations • Research-Based Writing |

|Essays • Open Response Questions |

|VI. Grading Procedure: |

|Students will receive a grade for each quarter of this year-long course, and their four quarter grades will be averaged together to make a |

|final grade for the course. Student work will be averaged together according to the points assigned to each piece of work within the category, |

|and then the grade in the category will be weighted by the following percentages to determine each quarter grade: |

| |

|The percentages will be: |

|Homework 25% |

|Lab Work 35% |

|Test/Quizzes 40% |

| |

|There will be a cumulative final exam for the course that will count for 12.5% of the final grade for the course (50% of the fourth quarter |

|grade). Students who have a B+ average or better and take the AP Chemistry Exam are exempt from the third, fourth, and fifth parts of the |

|final exam. |

|Homework Policy: |

|Expect homework daily. Homework usually consists of reading in the textbook and practice problems in the text or packet. Homework will be |

|checked at the beginning of the period. Most homework problems will receive full credit for demonstrated effort, rather than accuracy. Answers|

|must be complete thoughts, which clearly demonstrate the posed question. All work must be shown, including units! (It is not sufficient to |

|say that the calculator was used. Show the calculation that was performed with the calculator.) Homework quizzes will be given periodically. |

| |

| |

|Make-Up Work Policy: |

|Students who have excused absences are expected to complete missed work within the same number of days as days absent. If a student is absent |

|the day before a test, the student is expected to take the test the day he/she returns to school. If a student misses a lab, he/she must |

|schedule a time after school to come in for a makeup within one week of the missed absence. |

| |

|Late Work Policy: |

|Assignments are due at the beginning of class. Late work will be accepted one day late, with a 10% penalty. Exceptions will be made for |

|extenuating circumstances. Please inform the teacher in writing with a note from a parent/guardian or communicate with the teacher outside of |

|class time about special issues. |

|VIII. Classroom Expectations and Procedures: |

|Expectations ensure that we will work towards building a community that is motivating, safe, and collaborative and having the best learning |

|experience possible. |

|Be Respectful… |

|Of your classmates, your teacher, the lab equipment, and yourself. |

|Ask questions and get help when you need it. This is a judgment free zone! |

|Be Responsible… |

|Follow all safety procedures and school policies (dress code, tardies, etc) |

|Follow all classroom procedures (bathroom passes, electronic devices) |

|Be Productive… |

|Come to class ON TIME and PREPARED to learn! |

|Put in the effort and you will see results. |

| |

|Proper behavior is expected at all times. There is NO tolerance in the chemistry classroom and laboratory for disruptive behavior. Be |

|accountable and responsible for your choices. |

| |

|Classroom Procedures: |

|Food and Drink: Food is not allowed in the chemistry classroom due to safety concerns. A bottle of water is acceptable, but not at the lab |

|benches. |

| |

|Electronic Devices: No electronic devices are allowed in class. Students will be given a warning to put away electronic devices. If the |

|behavior continues, the electronics will be collected and given to the Dean of Students. |

| |

|Bathroom: Students are not permitted to go to the bathroom during the first and last 10 minutes of the class, when a teacher is giving |

|instructions to the entire class, or during labs. Students will also be required to sign out upon leaving the classroom. If a student is in |

|the bathroom for more than 10 minutes he or she will be considered absent. |

| |

|Laboratory: Chemistry class will consist of several laboratory activities. We will be using potentially harmful chemicals and laboratory |

|equipment so proper behavior and safety precautions must be followed at all times. Anyone not following safety rules during laboratory |

|activities will be dismissed from the classroom. |

| |

|Attendance: Chemistry is a fast paced, sequential course and absences make this course very difficult. With the importance of class attendance|

|it is essential that each student come to every class unless there is a documented excuse. In the unfortunate event that you do miss class, |

|it is critical that you take it upon yourself to come to me for make-up work. It is also suggested that you stay after school with us to |

|follow up on the instructional time that you missed. |

| |

|Extra Help: |

|I am always willing to help you with the material that we cover in class. If you are having trouble understanding the work or just need me to|

|check over your work just ask. I will be available before and after school as well as B lunch. Please feel free to come in and ask for help.|

Cambridge Rindge and Latin School - Department of Science

Laboratory Safety Rules

Purpose

Chemistry is a hands-on laboratory class. You will be doing many laboratory activities that require the use of hazardous chemicals. Safety in the chemistry classroom is the #1 priority for students, teachers, and parents & guardians. To ensure a safe science classroom, a list of rules has been developed and provided to you in this student safety contract. These rules must be followed at all times. Both you and a parent or guardian must sign the safety contract before you can participate in the laboratory.

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1. Wear chemical splash goggles at all times while you are in the laboratory. They must be worn to cover the eyes.

2. Chemical-resistant lab aprons are available for your use and should be worn during laboratory activities.

3. Wash acid, base, and any chemical spill off yourself immediately with large amounts of water. Notify your teacher of the spill.

4. If chemical substances get in your eye, was the eye out for 15 minutes. Hold your eye open with your fingers while washing it out.

5. Observe the safety alerts in the laboratory instructions.

6. Tie long hair back so it cannot catch fire from a Bunsen burner flame. Hair burns very readily.

7. Wear closed toe shoes in the laboratory. Do not wear bulky clothing.

8. Never eat or drink in the laboratory. Don’t chew on the end of a pen that was lying on the lab bench. Do not apply make-up or lotions in the laboratory.

9. Lubricate glass tubing with glycerol or detergent before putting it into rubber stoppers. Wrap the tubing in a towel, and hold it close to the stopper while gently twisting and inserting it. Never force it.

10. Read all labels carefully. If you take more of a chemical substance from a container than you need, you should not return the excess to the container. This might cause contamination of the substance remaining. Dispose of the excess as your teacher directs.

11. Never smell anything in the laboratory unless your teacher tells you it is safe. Do not smell a substance by putting your nose directly over the container and inhaling. Instead, waft the vapors towards your nose by gently fanning the vapors towards yourself.

12. Never taste materials in the laboratory.

13. Never work in a laboratory without teacher supervision.

14. Know the location of, and the method of operation of, safety equipment: eyewash, fire extinguishers, safety shower, safety blanket, fume hood, and emergency gas cut-off.

15. If you burn yourself on a hot object, immediately hold the burned area under cold water for 15 minutes. Inform your teacher. Hot metal looks like cold metal. Hot glass looks like cold glass.

16. Observe good housekeeping practices. Work areas, including sinks, should be kept clean and tidy. Bring only laboratory instructions to the bench.

17. Put lids and caps back on bottles and jars.

18. Never heat a closed system.

19. Clean up spills immediately. If you spill a very reactive substance such as an acid or base, notify the people in the area and then obtain assistance from your teacher. Acid spills should be neutralized with baking soda, base spill with vinegar before cleaning the area.

20. Be sure you have lighted a match before turning on your Bunsen burner. Wet used matches and dispose in the trash, not the sink.

21. If your Bunsen burner goes out, turn the gas off immediately.

22. In case of fire at your desk, be sure the gas is off. Do NOT attempt to extinguish a fire of organic chemicals such as alcohol, oil, or gasoline with water.

23. In case you should catch on fire, remember, “STOP, DROP, and ROLL.” Do not run. Other people in the class should get the fire blanket and use it to smother you.

24. When heating a test tube, never point the open end at anyone.

25. Always add Acid to Water (remember A&W root beer) and stir the solution while adding the acid to minimize splattering and extreme release of heat. Never add water to acid.

26. Report all accidents to your teacher.

27. Clean up broken glass with a dustpan and brush or a wad of paper towels. Do not use your fingers. Dispose of broken glass in the specified container. Do not mix glass with other waste.

28. Keep hands away from face, eyes, mouth, and body while using chemicals. Wash your hands with soap and water after performing all experiments. Clean, rinse, and wipe dry all work surfaces and apparatus at the end of the experiment. Return all equipment clean and in working order to the proper storage area.

29. Equipment should not be touched unless instructed to do so by the teacher. Some instruments are delicate or carefully calibrated and touching them will upset the calibration. Gas valves should not be fiddled with. The gas lines are under pressure, even when the main valve is closed, so gas will leak into the room if valves are opened.

30. Mature conduct is expected at all times. Keep non-essential conversation to a minimum. Do not make quick moves or loud noises. ABSOLUTELY NO HORSEPLAY IS ALLOWED IN THE LABORATORY.

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Consequences for Violations of the Safety Rules

• First violation will result in a detention.

• Second violation will require a parental conference with the student, teacher, and Dean of Students before the student may return to chemistry class.

• Third violation will result in the dismissal from the class.

• A flagrant violation, such as intentionally setting a fire, will result in immediate dismissal from the course. The CRLS Student Handbook rules apply and may result in more severe consequences.

AP Chemistry Order of Topics

Order and dates may change based on the needs of the class.

|FIRST QUARTER |

|Introduction: Matter and Measurement Chapter 1 |1 week |

|Scientific method of inquiry | |

|Classification of Matter | |

|Physical and Chemical Changes | |

|Methods of separation | |

|Scientific Notation | |

|Significant Figures | |

|Precision and Accuracy | |

|Dimensional Analysis | |

|Error Analysis |September 10 |

| | |

|Atoms, Molecules, and Ions Chapter 2 |2 weeks |

|Atomic Theory | |

|Cathode Rays and Electrons | |

|Rutherford’s gold foil experiment / Nucleus | |

|Nuclear Chemistry Chapter 21 | |

|Nuclear stability and radioactive decay | |

|Balancing Nuclear Equations | |

|Atomic Numbers, Mass Numbers and Isotopes | |

|Atomic Weight | |

|Periodic Table | |

|Formulas and Names of Molecules and Molecular Compounds | |

|Ions and Ionic Compounds | |

|Naming Inorganic Compounds | |

|Simple Organic Compounds |September 24 |

| | |

|Reactions and Stoichiometry Chapters 3 & 4 |3 weeks |

|Stoichiometry | |

|The mole and molar masses | |

|Percent composition and formulas | |

|Stoichiometric calculations using mass and volumes | |

|Excess and Limiting agents | |

|Solution Stoichiometry | |

|Types of Reactions | |

|Chemical equations and balancing | |

|Combination, Decomposition, and Combustion Reactions | |

|Double Replacement reactions (Precipitation reactions, etc.) and net ionic equations | |

|Redox | |

|Acid – Base neutralization | |

| |October 17 |

|Thermochemistry Chapter 5 | |

|Thermochemistry |1 week |

|State Functions | |

|Enthalpy and calorimetry | |

|Enthalpy, bond energy, potential energy diagrams, heat of reaction | |

|Enthalpy of Formation | |

|Hess’s Law | |

| |October 24 |

|Structure of Matter | |

|Electronic Structure of Atoms & Periodic Properties Chapters 6 & 7 |6 weeks |

|Atomic spectra, orbitals, quantum theory |(2 weeks) |

|Periodic table organization | |

|Aufbau, electron configuration | |

|Periodic trends in radii, ionization energy, electron affinity, and electronegativity | |

|Group Properties | |

| |Midterms |

|B. Chemical Bonding Chapter 8 |November 7&8 |

|Types of bonds: ionic, covalent, metallic | |

|Bond Polarity and Electronegativity |(2 weeks) |

|Connection between type of bonding and properties of network solids, ionic compounds and molecular compounds | |

|Valence electrons and Lewis structures | |

|Resonance Sturctures | |

|Exceptions to the Octet Rule | |

|Bond Enthalpies and Enthalpies of Reaction | |

|Bond Enthalpy and Bond Length | |

| | |

| | |

| |November 22 |

|SECOND QUARTER |

|C. Molecular Geometry and Bonding Chapters 9 & 24 |(2 weeks) |

|VSEPR and molecular shapes | |

|Hybrid orbitals and expanded octets | |

|Molecular geometry of hybrids |Thanksgiving |

|Molecular Orbitals | |

|Structure and nomenclature of simple organics: alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, alcohols, amines, acids |December 3 |

| | |

|States of Matter | |

|Gases Chapter 10 |4 weeks |

|Gas Laws: Boyle’s, Charles, Gay-Lussac, Avogadro |(2 weeks) |

|Ideal Gas Law | |

|Partial Pressure | |

|Kinetic Molecular Theory of Diffusion (Graham’s law) | |

|Real gases: deviation from ideal gas behavior | |

| |December 17 |

|Liquids and Intermolecular Forces Chapter 11 |Winter Vacation |

| |(1 week) |

|Intermolecular Forces | |

|Phase Changes | |

|Vapor Pressure | |

|Phase Diagrams |January 3 |

| | |

|Properties of Solutions Chapter 13 |(1 week) |

|Solution composition, Molarity, molality, mole fraction, ppm | |

|Energy and mechanism of solution formation | |

|Vapor pressure of solution | |

|Solubility Factors | |

|Boiling Point Elevation, Freezing Point Depression van’t Hoff factor |January 10 |

| |MLK, Jr. Day |

|Midterm for course, Final Exam for First Semester |January 20 |

| |Quarter 2 Finals |

| |January 22&23 |

|THIRD QUARTER |

|Equilibrium |7 weeks |

|Kinetics Chapter 14 |(Start on Jan. 13) |

|Reaction rates and collision theory |(2 weeks) |

|Reaction order | |

|Rate Constant | |

|Activation Energy | |

|Rate determining steps and mechanism |January 31 |

| | |

|Chemical Equilibrium Chapter 15 |(2 weeks) |

|Equilibrium condition and Keq | |

|Equilibrium with pressure | |

|Equilibrium with solutions | |

|Solving equilibrium problems | |

|LeChatelier’s Principle | |

|Solubility equilibrium and Ksp |February 14 |

| |Feb. Vacation 2/15-2/23 |

| | |

| |(4 weeks) |

|Acid Base Equilibrium Chapter 16 and 17 | |

|Acid Base Definitions: Arrhenius, Lewis, Bronsted-Lowry | |

|Strong and weak acids and bases | |

|pH scale | |

|Calculate pH of strong and weak acids | |

|Calculate pH of stong and weak bases | |

|Ka, Kb, Henderson-Hasselbach | |

|Polyprotic acids | |

|Acid-base salts and oxides | |

|Buffers | |

|Titration Curves |March 21 |

|Indicators | |

| |1.5 weeks |

|Thermodynamics Chapter 19 | |

|Spontaneity, Entropy, and Free Energy | |

|Entropy and Spontaneity | |

|Gibbs free energy equation and calculations | |

|Free Energy and equations |April 2 |

|Free Energy and Equilibrium |Midterm Exams April 3 & 4 |

| | |

|FOURTH QUARTER |

| | |

|Electrochemistry Chapter 20 |1.5 weeks |

|Galvanic cells | |

|Half-cell reduction potentials, predicting voltage and direction of electron flow | |

|Faraday’s law | |

|Review for the AP Exam and Final Exam | |

| |April 15 – May 2 |

|Final Exam Part 1 | |

| |April 17 |

| | |

| |April vacation |

| |April 18-27 |

|Final Exam Parts 2a, 2b, 2c | |

| |April 29, 30, May 1 |

| | |

|AP Exam or Final Exam Part 3 |Monday, May 5 |

| | |

|Final Exam Part 4 |May 29 |

| | |

|Projects : Demonstrations, Chemistry Comic Books, or Independent Research Projects . |May 6-June 13 |

| | |

|Final Exam Part 5 | |

| |June 16 |

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VII: Academic Honesty:

CRLS PLAGIARISM AND CHEATING POLICY

Every student is expected to complete his or her own work. In the case where cheating or plagiarism occurs, the following actions will be taken:

• FIRST OFFENSE (in any class): Conference with student, guidance

counselor, parent/guardian and Dean of Students. The student will receive a

failing grade for the assignment.

• SUBSEQUENT OFFENSE (in any class): Conference with student,

guidance counselor, parent/guardian and Dean of Students. Student will

receive a failing grade for the term in whichever class the subsequent offense has occurred.

Please note:

Copying homework or class work assignments of another student is considered cheating on the part of the student copying as well as the student whose work is being copied. Any student seen with another student’s paper will be considered cheating. Lab measurements may be shared among lab partners on the day the data is collected, however, the results of analysis or answers to follow up questions may not be copied. Students may compare their results with their lab partners and recheck their work if their answers differ. If solutions to the problems are made available to the class and a student plans to submit their homework one day late, they should not look at the solutions until their work is completed.

IV. Instructional Materials:

• Scientific or Graphing Calculator

• 3 Ring Binder (3 inches)

• Dividers (3 sets of 5)

• Quad Lined (4x4 or 5x5) Notebook (for laboratory work)

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