Ch 6 Using DEL, REN, MOVE, and RD /S



Chapter 6

Using DEL, REN, MOVE, and RD /S

LECTURE N0TES

|CHAPTER OUTLINE |TEACHING SUGGESTIONS |

|Chapter Overview |Slides 2-4 |

|Will continue to work with internal commands that help manage and | |

|manipulate files. |Chapter Overview duplicated in PowerPoint slides. |

|Will focus on the following commands: DEL, REN, MOVE, and RD /S. |After completion of lecture, shoud review Objectives and Outcomes found|

|Why and how to back up specific files, or an entire disk so as to not |on first page of chapter as a check to see if they have mastered |

|lose important data will be discussed. |concepts. |

| | |

|ELIMINATING FILES WITH THE DEL COMMAND |SECTION 6.1 (pp. 248-249) |

|Eliminating Files with the DEL Command |Slides 5-11 |

|Number of files grows rapidly. | |

|Keep only files you need on disk. |DEL and ERASE commands work the same way. Text will discuss DEL. |

|Erasing unwanted files saves disk space and confusion. |OS does not erase but overwrites old files as FAT "unallocated" the |

|Use DEL to erase unwanted files. |space. |

|Internal command. |Parameters. |

|Always resident in memory. |- /P – prompts before each file deleted. |

|File gone forever once is pressed after DEL command. |- /F – forces deletion of read-only files. |

|OS does NOT ask for confirmation, only follows your instructions. |- /S – deletes specified files from current directory and all |

|File deleted at command line. |subdirectories. |

|Cannot be recovered except by certain special utility programs. |- /A – deletes files based on specified attributes. |

|Recovery not necessarily complete. |- - R - Read only. |

| |- - S – System. |

| |- - A – Archive. |

| |- - S – System. |

|Process of deleting files. |- - H – Hidden. |

|First character of file name replaced. |- ~ - Prefix meaning “not”. |

|Marks all clusters in FAT where file once was. | |

|File is not actually erased. |Discussion Question (1) - Explain why you may want to eliminate files |

|When next file created, OS sees space available in directory entry |from a disk. |

|table. |Discussion Question (2) - When you delete a file, the file is not |

|FAT assigns new file to space. |actually removed from the disk. What really happens? |

|Old file overwritten by new file. |Discussion Question (3) - Give the syntax of the DEL command and |

|Process similar when using NTFS file system. |explain each part of the syntax. |

|Instead of FAT, file’s MFT entry, directory entry, and data clusters | |

|are marked as available. | |

|File’s data remains until clusters get recycled to store other files. | |

|Special utility program like Norton Utilities can sometimes help | |

|recover deleted file if you realize immediately that file is erased. | |

|MS-DOS 5.0-6.22: | |

|UNDELETE supplied with OS to recover deleted files. | |

|Once file overwritten with new data old data unrecoverable. | |

|UNDELETE – not supported by WXP or W2K Professional. | |

|Use DEL – have removed files. | |

|Deleting file from hard drive using My Computer or Windows Explorer | |

|(Windows 95/98) can recover file as file goes to Recycle Bin. | |

|Files not recoverable if: | |

|Delete files from removable disk, such as a zip drive. | |

|Delete files from a floppy disk. | |

|Deleted from MS-DOS command line. | |

|DEL syntax with /P: | |

|DEL [/P] [/F] [/S] [/Q] [/A [[:] attributes]] names | |

|Note names refers to [drive:][path] filename | |

| | |

|ACTIVITY—USING THE DEL COMMAND | |

|Using the DEL Command | |

|Use editing keys to correct typing errors. | |

|DATA Disk is in Drive A. | |

|C:\> displayed as default drive & directory. | |

|Activity steps. | |

|Key in: | |

|A: | |

|COPY C:\WUGXP\*.DOS *.AAA | |

|DIR *.AAA | |

|DIR WILDONE.AAA | |

|DEL WILDONE.AAA | |

|DIR WILDONE.AAA | |

|DEL NOFILE.XXX then DEL | |

|Activity completed. | |

| | |

|DELETING MULTIPLE FILES | |

|Deleting Multiple Files | |

|To delete multiple files with DEL – list files you want deleted after | |

|the DEL command, separated by a space. | |

| | |

|ACTIVITY—USING DEL WITH MULTIPLE PARAMETERS | |

|Using DEL with Multiple Parameters | |

|Activity steps. | |

|Key in: | |

|COPY C:\WUGXP\*.DOS *.BBB | |

|DIR *.BBB | |

|DIR WILDONE.BBB WILDTWO.BBB WILDTRH.BBB | |

|DEL WILDONE.BBB WILDTWO.BBB WILDTHR.BBB | |

|DIR *.BBB | |

|Activity competed. | |

| | |

|DELETING FILES ON OTHER DRIVES AND DIRECTORIES | |

|Deleting Files on Other Drives/Directories | |

|Use DEL to eliminate files on other drives and subdirectories. |SECTION 6.2 (pp. 249-251) |

|Syntax remains - DEL names. |Slide 12 |

|Names refers to designated drives, subdirectories, or files you wish | |

|to delete. |DIR checks to see if file on disk. |

|Review DEL syntax. |DEL does not confirm prior to deletion. |

|Notice DEL and names are not in brackets – they are required. |Drive letter or \ not included, even though these are mandatory |

|Go over importance of sequence. |parameters because OS assumed default drive and directory. |

|Incorrect: A:\>DEL GONE.FIL B: | |

|Correct: A:\DEL B: GONE.FIL | |

| | |

|ACTIVITY—USING THE DEL COMMAND WITH INDIVIDUAL FILES | |

|Using the DEL Command with Individual Files | |

|DATA disk in Drive A, A:\ displayed. | |

|Activity steps. ( Key in: ) | |

|MD TRIP | |

|COPY C:\WUGXP\*.99 TRIP | |

|COPY C:\WUGXP\*.JAZ TRIP | |

|DIR TRIP\JUP.99 | |

|DEL TRIP\JUP.99 | |

|DIR TRIP\JUP.99 | |

|CD /D C:\WUGXP |SECTION 6.3 (p. 251) |

|COPY HELLO.TXT A:\ |Slide 13 |

|DIR HELLO.TXT | |

|DIR A:\HELLO.TXT |Wise to use DIR command first. |

|DEL A:\HELLO.TXT | |

|DIR HELLO.TXT | |

|DIR A:\HELLO.TXT | |

|DIR A:\TRIP\BLUE.JAZ |SECTION 6.4 (pp. 252-253) |

|DEL A:\TRIP\BLUE.JAZ |Slide 14 |

|DIR A:\TRIP\BLUE.JAZ | |

|CD \ THEN A: | |

|Activity completed. | |

| | |

|USING WILDCARDS WITH THE DEL COMMAND | |

|Using Wildcards with the DEL Command | |

|Wildcards used to delete a lot of files at once. | |

|Can erase group of files with one-line command. | |

|BE CAREFUL! Can accidentally delete files you need. | |

|Deleting files in My Computer. | |

|Select each file to be deleted – one at a time. | |

|Takes longer to delete group of files. | |

| |SECTION 6.5 (p. 253) |

|ACTIVITY—USING THE DEL COMMAND |Slides 15-18 |

|Using the DEL Command | |

|DATA disk in Drive A, A:\> displayed. |OS follows instructions and does not check to see if correct file is |

|.TMP files on root of the DATA disk, if not, copy from \WUGXP |being deleted. |

|subdirectory. |Placing drive designator or subdirectory in wrong place can completely |

|Activity steps. |change the meaning and results of an instruction. |

|Key in: |- Explain why first command is incorrect and second one is correct. |

|DIR *.TMP | |

|DEL *.TMP | |

|DIR *.TMP | |

|DIR TRIP\*.99 | |

|DEL TRIP\*.99 | |

|DIR TRIP\*.99 | |

|Activity completed. | |

| | |

|THE /P AND /S PARAMETERS WITH THE DEL COMMAND | |

|The /P and /S Parameters with the DEL Command | |

|Parameters available in DOS 4.0 and above. | |

|/P is optional fixed parameter. |SECTION 6.6 (pp. 253-258) |

|Allows verification prior to each file deletion. |Slide 19 |

|Useful when using wildcards. | |

|Minimizes risk of accidental file deletions. |DIR shows that file is there. |

|Syntax: DEL /P] [/S] names |Root (\) assumed –does not need to be keyed in. |

|/S is optional fixed parameter. |(\) – used as delimiter must be keyed in. |

|Traverses directory tree – |DEL eliminates file. |

|Do not delete files individually throughout your disk structure. |Use COPY in order to have two identical named files on different |

|Other parameters added to W2000 Professional. |drives. |

|/F – force deletion of read-only files. | |

|/A – delete file based on certain attributes. | |

|/Q – do not ask for confirmation of a deletion. | |

| | |

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| | |

| | |

| | |

|ACTIVITY—USING /P AND /S WITH THE DEL COMMAND | |

|Using /P and /S with the DEL Command | |

|DATA disk in Drive A, A:\> displayed. | |

|Activity steps. ( Key in: ) | |

|COPY C:\WUGXP\*.99 | |

|MD TRIP\CHINA | |

|COPY *.99 TRIP | |

|COPY *.99 TRIP\CHINA |SECTION 6.7 (p. 258) |

|DIR TRIP TRIP\CHINA |Slide 20 |

|DEL TRIP\*.99 /P | |

|N |Discuss. |

|Y (if VEN.99 displayed) |- Strength of wildcards is also weakness. |

|N (if JUP.99 displayed) |Discussion Question (4) – Explain the following statement, with regards|

|N (if JUP.99 displayed) |to the DEL command. The strength of wildcards is also a weakness. |

|Y (if MER.99 displayed) | |

|Y (if MER.99 or VEN.99 displayed) | |

|DIR TRIP | |

|DEL TRIP\*.99 /P /S | |

|N (twice) | |

|Y till no more prompts | |

|RD TRIP\CHINA | |

|Activity completed. | |

| |SECTION 6.8 (pp. 258-261) |

|CHANGING FILE NAMES |Slide 21 |

|Changing File Names | |

|Why rename a file? |Prior to global erase use DIR |

|File contents changed - old name no longer applies. |Files deleted with wildcards and DEL not recoverable by OS. |

|Want name for another file. |Wildcards can be used when files in subdirectory. |

|Think of a better name. |Discussion Question (5) - When deleting files, why should you key in |

|File named incorrectly. |DIR with global file specifications first? |

|Use COPY command. | |

|Change name of file by copying file to a different name. | |

|Created new file with same contents under a different name. | |

|End up with file and a copy of file with a new name. | |

|RENAME command. | |

|Internal command. |SECTION 6.9 (p. 261) |

|Changes name of file – not the contents. |Slides 22-24 |

|Not creating another copy of file with a new name. | |

|End up with same file but with new name. |Purpose of parameters specific to command. |

|File does not move from one directory to another. |- With DIR - /P means pause. |

|Syntax: |- With DEL - /P verifies prior to file deletion. |

|RENAME [drive:][path][directoryname1 | filename1] [directoryname2 | |Discussion Question (6) - Explain the purpose and function of the /P |

|filename2] |parameter with the DEL command. The /S? |

|or | |

|REN [drive:][path][directoryname1 | filename1] [directoryname2 | | |

|filename2] | |

|Cannot specify new drive of path for filename2. | |

|Filename1 and filename2 refer to same file. | |

|Filename1 will be changed to filename2. | |

|Renaming files in My Computer/ Windows Explorer two-step process. | |

|Select file. | |

|Rename it. | |

|At command line it is a one-step process to rename file. | |

| | |

|ACTIVITY—USING THE REN COMMAND TO RENAME FILES | |

|Using the REN Command to Rename Files | |

|DATA disk is in Drive A, A:\> displayed. | |

|Activity steps. | |

|Key in: | |

|COPY C:\WUGXP\MEDIA\TV | |

|TYPE | |

|REN | |

|DIR | |

|DIR | |

|TYPE | |

|DIR TRIP\GREEN.JAZ | |

|REN TRIP\GREEN.JAZ TRIP\RED.JAZ | |

|REN TRIP\GREEN.JAZ RED.JAZ | |

|DIR TRIP\*.JAZ | |

|Activity completed. | |

| | |

| |SECTION 6.10 (pp. 261-265) |

| |Slide 25 |

| | |

| |/P - confirm if want to delete file. |

| |- Y = delete file |

|CHANGING THE NAMES OF SUBDIRECTORIES |- N = do not delete file. |

|Changing the Names of Subdirectories |DIR confirms what files are not deleted on DATA disk. |

|Beginning with W95, REN command also renames subdirectories. |/S – traverse directory tree. |

|Previously used MOVE command to rename subdirectories. |Can use more than one parameter at a time. |

| | |

|ACTIVITY—USING THE REN COMMAND TO RENAME SUBDIRECTORIES | |

|Using REN Command to Rename Subdirectories | |

|DATA disk in Drive A and A:\> displayed. | |

|Activity steps. | |

|Key in: | |

|MD PAGE ONE then DIR P*.* | |

|REN PAGEONE PAGETWO | |

|DIR P*.* | |

|MD PAGETWO\DIRONE | |

|DIR PAGETWO | |

|REN PAGETWO\DIRONE DIRTWO | |

|DIR PAGETWO | |

|RD PAGETWO /S | |

|Y then DIR P*.* | |

|Activity completed. | |

| | |

|USING REN WITH WILDCARDS | |

|Using REN with Wildcards | |

|Wildcards used to rename multiple files that have a common element at | |

|one time. | |

|Before using RENAME or REN use DIR with wildcards. |SECTION 6.11 (pp. 265-266) |

|See what files will be renamed. |Slides 26-31 |

|Don’t want to rename file accidentally. | |

|Once file renamed – can’t find it under old name. |REN – paste new label on file folder. |

| |COPY - like photocopy machine - have original & copy. |

| |RENAME and REN are same. |

| |Discussion Question (7) - Why would you want to change the name of a |

| |file? |

| |Discussion Question (8) - Explain the purpose and function of the |

| |RENAME or REN command. |

| |Discussion Question (9) - Give the syntax of the REN command and |

| |explain each part of the syntax. |

| |Discussion Question (10) - What is the difference between the REN and |

|ACTIVITY—USING REN WITH WILDCARDS |RENAME commands? |

|Using REN with Wildcards |Discussion Question (11) - What is the difference between the RENAME |

|DATA disk in Drive A and A:\> displayed. |and COPY commands? |

|DATA disk has files with file extension .NEW – if not copy from \WUXP | |

|to DATA disk. | |

|Activity steps. | |

|Key in: | |

|DIR ???.NEW | |

|REN ???.NEW *.BUD | |

|DIR ???.NEW *.BUD | |

|COPY *.BUD TRIP | |

|REN TRIP\*.BUD *.PEN | |

|DIR TRIP\*.BUD then DIR TRIP\*.PEN | |

|Activity completed. | |

| | |

|USING RENAME ON DIFFERENT DRIVES AND DIRECTORIES | |

|Using REN on Different Drives/Directories | |

|REN | |

|Internal command. | |

|Renames file and leaves it where it found it. | |

|Used for any file on any drive or directory. | |

|To rename a file on another disk must specify drive letter and | |

|directory. | |

|Cannot be used to move a file from one disk to another or from one | |

|directory to another. | |

|COPY vs. REN command. | |

|COPY command. | |

|Copy a file from one disk to another or one directory to another. | |

|End up with two identical files in different locations. | |

|REN command. | |

|Cannot: | |

|Move a file | |

|Copy a file. |SECTION 6.12 (pp. 266-269) |

|Changes names of: |Slide 32 |

|Files in one directory or disk at a time. | |

|Existing file in specific location. |Destination and *.* assumed – when key in command ending in name of a |

| |directory rather than a file specification |

|ACTIVITY—USING RENAME ON DIFFERENT DRIVES |REN vs. COPY |

|Use RENAME on Different Drives |COPY |

|DATA disk in Drive A and A: \> displayed. |Specify drive and path for destination file. |

|Activity steps. |Dealing with two files with same contents. |

|Key in: |REN |

|CD /D C:\WUGXP |File contents remain same – name new and the old file name is gone. |

|DIR ASTRO.TXT |Specify drive/path in source. |

|COPY ASTRO.TXT A:\ |Renaming file – not copying or moving it. |

|DIR A:\ASTRO.TXT |Discussion Question (12) - If you are using the REN command and get the|

|TYPE A:\ASTRO.TXT |message, “A duplicate file name exists, or the file name cannot be |

|REN A:\ASTRO.TXT A:\AST.TST |found,” what could it mean? |

|REN A:\ASTRO.TXT AST.TST | |

|DIR ASTRO.TXT | |

|DIR A:\ASTRO.TXT | |

|DIR A:\AST.TST | |

|TYPE A:\AST.TST |SECTION 6.13 (p. 269) |

|DIR A:\TRIP\*.PEN |Slides 33-34 |

|REN A:\TRIP\*.PEN *.INK | |

|DIR A:\TRIP\*.PEN | |

|DIR A:\TRIP\*.INK | |

|CD \ then A: | |

|Activity completed. | |

| | |

| | |

|MOVING FILES AND RENAMING DIRECTORIES | |

|Moving Files and Renaming Directories | |

|MOVE and REN can both be used to rename files. |SECTION 6.14 (pp. 270-272) |

|REN renames but does not move files. |Slide 35 |

|To move have to COPY files from old location to new and then delete | |

|old files. | |

|MOVE, introduced in DOS 6.0, will let you rename directory and move | |

|files. | |

|Move group of files - cannot change file names. | |

| | |

| | |

| | |

|Move individual file - can change name. | |

|Review syntax of MOVE. | |

|MOVE command can be used to move files and directories from one | |

|directory to another, and also from one drive to another. | |

|Useful in maintaining hard disk. | |

| | |

|ACTIVITY—MOVING FILES AND RENAMING DIRECTORIES | |

|Moving Files and Renaming Directories | |

|DATA disk is in Drive A, A:\> displayed. | |

|Activity steps. | |

|Key in: | |

|MD FILES | |

|COPY *.99 FILES\*.FIL | |

|MD FILES\ROOM | |

|COPY GALAXY.NEW FILES | |

|DIR FILES | |

|MOVE FILES\ROOM FILES\MY ROOM | |

|REN FILES\MYROOM PLACE | |

|DIR FILES TYPE FILES\AST.FIL |SECTION 6.15 (pp. 273-274) |

|TYPE FILES\JUP.FIL |Slide 36 |

|MOVE FILES\AST.FIL FILES\JUP.FIL | |

|Y then TYPE FILES\AST.FIL |Use My Computer to change name of single file or directory. |

|TYPE FILES\JUP.FIL |Renamed file on disk – can’t find it if you don’t know new name. |

|MOVE FILES\VEN.FIL FILES\PLACE\VEN.NEW | |

|DIR FILES | |

|DIR FILES\PLACE | |

|MOVE FILES\*.FIL FILES\PLACE\*.TXT | |

|MOVE FILES\*.FIL FILES\PLACE | |

|DIR FILES | |

|DIR FILES\PLACE | |

|MOVE FILES\PLACE\*.FIL CLASS | |

|DIR FILES\PLACE\*.FIL | |

|DIR CLASS\*.FIL | |

|MD START\SUBDIR | |

|COPY *.FIL START\SUBDIR | |

|DIR START /S /B | |

|MOVE START FILES | |

|DIR START then DIR FILES | |

|DIR FILES\START /S /B | |

|Activity completed. | |

| |SECTION 6.16 (pp. 273-275) |

|RD /S REVISTED |Slide 37 |

|RD /S Revisited | |

|Two ways to remove a directory. |Why ???.NEW used instead of *.NEW |

|RD - removes only empty directory. |Using wildcards. |

|Bottoms up approach. |- All four files in same directory renamed with one command. |

|Two-step process |- Do not need to key in identical commands. |

|Delete files.(DEL) |Stress differences between copying and renaming files. |

|Delete directory.(RD) | |

|RD with /S parameters. | |

|Deletes from top down with one command. | |

|Can delete files and directories with one command. | |

|Deletes entire structure. | |

|Powerful but dangerous command. | |

| | |

|ACTIVITY—USING RD AND RD /S | |

|Using RD and RD /S | |

|DATA disk in Drive A, A:\> displayed. | |

|Activity steps. |SECTION 6.17 (p. 275) |

|Key in: |Slides 38-40 |

|RD FILES\PLACE | |

|DEL FILES\PLACE |REN only renames file. |

|RD FILES\PLACE |- Finds file on designated disk or directory and renames it. |

|DIR FILES then RD FILES /S |COPY - end up with two identical files. |

|Y then DIR FILES |Discuss differences between REN and COPY. |

|Activity completed. |Answers to Power Point Slide # 39 |

| |REN OLDFILE.EXT NEWFILE.EXT – OS looks for OLDFILE.EXT on designated |

|BACKING UP YOUR DATA DISK |drive and directory. It renames file and leaves file where it found it|

|Backing up your Data Disk |unless OLDFILE.ext is prefaced with a drive letter. |

|Always back up all data files. |REN B:OLDFILE.EXT NEWFILE.EXT |

|Habit called “Disaster and Recovery Planning”. |Only disk in Drive B will be searched for the file called OLDFILE.EXT |

|Backing up application program disks can be tricky. |REN C:\JUNK\OLDFILE.EXT NEWFILE.EXT – If directory is involved must |

|Copy-protected disks cannot be backed up with regular OS commands. |include its name. |

|Never backup program/software application disks until you understand | |

|how they work. | |

|Application software on diskette provides instructions on how to back | |

|up software. | |

|Hard disks. | |

|To copy use special operating commands and procedures. | |

|Cannot and should not back up hard disk using techniques that will be | |

|described. | |

|Contents of hard disk will not fit on one floppy disk. | |

|Three ways to back up data files. | |

|DISKCOPY. | |

|Copies entire disk - all files/subdirectories. |SECTION 6.18 (pp. 276-280) |

|Can be used on floppy disks. |Slide 41 |

|COPY. | |

|Backs up files from floppy disk to floppy disk. |OS will not put drive designator before new file name in REN because |

|Copies specific files in specific directories on hard disk. |cannot change a file name on any other disk except where the original |

|XCOPY. |file is located. |

|Covered later in book. |REN |

|Never use MOVE for backup purposes. |Changes only file name not contents. |

|Removes files from original location. |Does not move files. |

|End up with only one copy of data files. – Defeats purpose of backing |Place drive and path in front of only the file names that you want to |

|up files. |change. |

|Is useful in placing files onto floppy disk from hard disk. |. |

|Acquire regular backup routine. | |

|Can lose data. | |

|Purchase tape backup if possible. | |

|Used to backup hard disk without having to sit in front of computer | |

|and inserting floppy disks. | |

|If have writable CD can copy files to CD. | |

|Message is BACK UP DATA FILES. | |

| | |

|ACTIVITY—BACKING UP WITH THE DISKCOPY COMMAND | |

|Backing up with the DISKCOPY Command | |

|DATA disk in Drive A. C:\> displayed. | |

|DISKCOPY requires media types be the same. | |

|Activity steps. | |

|Change to C drive. Label blank disk “BACKUP DATA disk”. | |

|Key in: DISKCOPY A: A: & press | |

|Remove original DATA disk from Drive A. Insert blank disk labeled | |

|BACKUP DATA disk into Drive A then press | |

|Press N then remove disk labeled BACKUP DATA DISK and keep it in a |SECTION 6.19 (pp. 280-281) |

|safe place until it is needed again to make another backup. |Slides 42-45 |

|Activity completed. | |

| |Prior to renaming files use DIR. Don't want to rename file |

| |accidentally. |

| |Compare MOVE and COPY. |

| |Compare MOVE and REN. |

| |Discussion Question (13) - What is the function and purpose of the MOVE|

| |command? |

| |Discussion Question (14) - Give the syntax of the MOVE command and |

| |explain each part of the syntax. |

| | |

| |Discussion Question (15) -Compare and contrast MOVE and COPY. |

| |Discussion Question (16) - What is the difference between the MOVE and |

| |the REN command? |

| | |

| | |

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| | |

| |SECTION 6.20 (pp. 281-288) |

| |Slides 46-47 |

| | |

| |Differences between MOVE and REN syntaxes. |

| |REN – do not give path with new name |

| |MOVE - to rename directory you do give full path with new name. |

| |MOVE |

| |Used to move files from one location to another. |

| |Try to move file in same drive and directory – eliminates first file |

| |and replaces contents of second file with contents of first file. |

| |MOVE can accomplish three functions: |

| |- Copy file (COPY). |

| |- Give file new name (REN). |

| |- Delete file (DEL). |

| |When using wildcards with MOVE cannot change file names. |

| |MOVE cannot concatenate files. |

| |Can move entire subdirectory structure along with files with one |

| |command. |

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|BACKING UP FILES WITH THE COPY COMMAND | |

|Backing up Files with COPY Command | |

|This material is to be read, not done. | |

|DISKCOPY. | |

|Backs up an entire floppy disk. | |

|Formats new disk. | |

|Usually only need to back up selected files from hard disk to floppy | |

|or removable drive. | |

|COPY. | |

|Used to backup specific files. | |

|Used to back up files from one floppy to another. | |

|Used to copy files in individual subdirectory. | |

|Be sure files fit on floppy disk. | |

|Does not format new disk. | |

|Can only be used if you have two removable drives. | |

|If using two disk drives, COPY does not require identical disk media | |

|types. | |

|Used to back up files from a hard disk. | |

|Cannot and must not be used to copy all files from a hard disk to a | |

|floppy disk. | |

|Will not fit on a single floppy. | |

|Are backup utilities to back up large volumes– need destination other |SECTION 6.21 (p. 289) |

|than floppy disk. |Slide 48 |

|Make regular backups. | |

|Back up files that have changed or are new. |Create directory from top down |

|Back up in relation as to how long it would take to recreate your |Removing directories from GUI is two-step process – delete and empty |

|data. |Recycle Bin. |

| |Discussion Question (17) - Compare and contrast the RD /S command with |

| |the RD command without the /S parameter. |

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| |SECTION 6.22 (pp. 289-291) |

| |Slide 49 |

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| |SECTION 6.23 (pp. 291-292) |

| |Slides 50-55 |

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| |Discuss. |

| |- Where to store backup disks. |

| |- Importance of legally owning software. |

| |- No one can give you copies of software to install on hard disk. |

| |- Purchase software – have manuals and disks. |

| |Most interested in backing up data files as they are usually |

| |irreplaceable. |

| |Usually, application programs can be reinstalled from original disks. |

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| |Discussion Question (18) - What process could you use to back up |

| |specific files? |

| |Discussion Question (19) - What process could you use to back up a |

| |subdirectory? |

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| |SECTION 6.24 (pp. 292-294) |

| |Slides 56-57 |

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| |Keyed in 2 disk drives A and A - ensures you do not accidentally copy |

| |hard drive. |

| |Use DISKCOPY command – get two copies of DATA disk (original and |

| |backup). |

| |Backup disk. |

| |- Keep current. |

| |- Have more than one. |

| |- Check backup disk regularly. |

| |Make copy of APPLICATION disk. |

| |Organizations like bank or IRS: |

| |- Need to recreate records. |

| |- Will have Disaster and Recovery Plan. |

| |- Have archival data or archival backup (transaction history). |

| |- Removing file from hard disk and store on another medium for |

| |historical purposes. |

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| |SECTION 6.25 (pp. 294-296) |

| |Slides 58-60 |

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| |COPY assumes you want same file names on destination disk. If file |

| |with same name on destination disk, COPY overwrites it. |

| |DISKCOPY formats disk - COPY does not. |

| |Discuss. |

| |- Why you do not use DISKCOPY with hard disk. |

| |- Why you would not copy all files from hard disk to floppy with COPY |

| |command. |

| |Wildcards can be used with any command that accepts the use of |

| |wildcards. |

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| |Discussion Question (20) - Why would you not copy all the files from |

| |the hard disk to a floppy disk with the DISKCOPY command? |

| |Discussion Question (21) - Why would you not copy all the files from a |

| |hard disk to a floppy disk with the COPY command? |

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