Breast Cancer Facts & Figures 2015-2016. - American Cancer Society

Breast Cancer Facts &Figures 2015-2016

Contents

Breast Cancer Basic Facts

1

Breast Cancer Occurrence

4

Breast Cancer Risk Factors

11

Breast Cancer Screening

18

Breast Cancer Treatment

22

What is the American Cancer Society doing about breast cancer?

26

Sources of Statistics

29

References

31

Acknowledgments

The production of this report would not have been possible without the efforts of:

Rick Alteri, MD; Tracie Bertaut, APR; Louise A Brinton, PhD; Stacey Fedewa, MPH; Rachel A Freedman, MD, MPH; Ted Gansler, MD, MPH; Mia M Gaudet, PhD; Joan Kramer, MD; Chun Chieh Lin, MBA, PhD; Marji McCullough, SCD, RD; Kimberly Miller, MPH; Lisa A Newman, MD, MPH; Dearell Niemeyer, MPH; Anthony Piercy; Cheri Richards, MS; Ann Goding Sauer, MSPH; Scott Simpson; Robert Smith, PhD; Dana Wagner; and Jiaquan Xu, MD.

Breast Cancer Facts & Figures 2015-2016 is a publication of the American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia.

For more information, contact: Carol DeSantis, MPH Rebecca Siegel, MPH Ahmedin Jemal, DVM, PhD Surveillance and Health Services Research Program

Corporate Center: American Cancer Society Inc. 250 Williams Street, NW, Atlanta, GA 30303-1002

(404) 320-3333

?2015, American Cancer Society, Inc. All rights reserved, including the right to reproduce this publication or portions thereof in any form.

For written permission, address the Legal department of the American Cancer Society, 250 Williams Street, NW, Atlanta, GA 30303-1002.

This publication attempts to summarize current scientific information about breast cancer. Except when specified, it does not represent the official policy of the American Cancer Society.

Suggested citation: American Cancer Society. Breast Cancer Facts & Figures 2015-2016. Atlanta: American Cancer Society, Inc. 2015.

Breast Cancer Basic Facts

What is breast cancer?

Cancer is a group of diseases that cause cells in the body to change and grow out of control. Most types of cancer cells eventually form a lump or mass called a tumor, and are named after the part of the body where the tumor originates.

The vast majority of breast cancers begin in the parts of the breast tissue that are made up of glands for milk production, called lobules, and ducts that connect the lobules to the nipple. The remainder of the breast is made up of fatty, connective, and lymphatic tissues.

Breast cancer is typically detected either during a screening examination, before symptoms have developed, or after a woman notices a lump. Most masses seen on a mammogram and most breast lumps turn out to be benign; that is, they are not cancerous, do not grow uncontrollably or spread, and are not life-threatening. When cancer is suspected, microscopic analysis of breast tissue is necessary for a definitive diagnosis and to determine the extent of spread (in situ or invasive) and characterize the type of the disease. The tissue for microscopic analysis can be obtained via a needle or surgical biopsy. Selection of the type of biopsy is based on individual patient clinical factors, availability of particular biopsy devices, and resources.

In situ

? Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) refers to a condition where abnormal cells replace the normal epithelial cells of the breast ducts and may greatly expand the ducts and lobules. DCIS is considered a noninvasive form of breast cancer because the abnormal cells have not grown beyond the layer

Table 1. Estimated New Female Breast Cancer Cases and Deaths by Age, US, 2015*

Age ................
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