Project Report, Organic Materials in Wall Paintings

Project Report

Organic Materials in Wall Paintings

Edited by Francesca Piqu? and Giovanni Verri

Project Report

Organic Materials in Wall Paintings

Edited by Francesca Piqu? and Giovanni Verri

THE GETTY CONSERVATION INSTITUTE LOS ANGELES

Organic Materials in Wall Paintings: Project Report--Getty Conservation Institute 2015

? 2015 J. Paul Getty Trust

The Getty Conservation Institute 1200 Getty Center Drive, Suite 700 Los Angeles, CA 90049-1684m USA Telephone 310-440-7325 Email gciweb@getty.edu getty.edu/conservation

Production editor: Gary Mattison Designer: Hespenheide Design

ISBN 978-1-937433-29-1

The Getty Conservation Institute works to advance conservation practice in the visual arts, broadly interpreted to include objects, collections, architecture, and sites. It serves the conservation community through scientific research, education and training, model field projects, and the broad dissemination of the results of both its own work and the work of others in the field. And in all its endeavors, it focuses on the creation and dissemination of knowledge that will benefit professionals and organizations responsible for the conservation of the world's cultural heritage.

Front cover: Tintori replica resample OL18BIS photographed in raking light. This is one of the wall painting replicas created by Leonetto Tintori and studied as part of the Organic Materials in Wall Painting project. The Tintori replicas are archived at the Laboratorio per Affresco di Vainella, Prato, Italy. Photo: OMWP.

Organic Materials in Wall Paintings: Project Report--Getty Conservation Institute 2015

Dedication

This book is dedicated to the memory of Giorgio Torraca (1927?2010) and Leonetto Tintori (1908?2000) in recognition of their enormous contribution and inspiration for this project and for the field of wall paintings conservation.

3 Organic Materials in Wall Paintings: Project Report--Getty Conservation Institute 2015

Contents

PART ONE

Project Overview

Project Description

7

Tintori's Replicas

10

Use of Tintori's Replicas for the Project

10

Evaluation of Techniques: Methodology, Levels, and Criteria

13

PART TWO

Techniques Used for Identification of Organic Materials

Noninvasive Techniques

UV-Induced Fluorescence Photography

17

Time-Resolved Laser-Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy (TR-LIF)

and Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging (FLIM)

20

Integrated Multi-spectral Imaging Systems

25

Fiber Optic Reflectance Spectroscopy (FORS)

29

Fiber Optic Fluorescence Spectroscopy (FOFS)

32

Mid-FTIR Fiber Optic Spectroscopy

35

Invasive Techniques

Cross-Section Preparation

38

UV Examination and Stain Tests on Cross Sections

39

FTIR Reflectance and FTIR?Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR)

Spectroscopy on Cross Sections

43

Micro-FTIR Spectroscopy

46

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)

49

Gas Chromatography?Mass Spectrometry (GC?MS)

52

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for

Protein Identification

58

Organic Materials in Wall Paintings: Project Report--Getty Conservation Institute 2015

PART THREE

Research Results

62

Papers and Publications

63

? Wall Painting Replicas for the Scientific Study of Organic Binders (2015) 66 Cristina N. Grandin and Giuseppe A. Centauro

? Ultraviolet-Induced Luminescence Imaging (2015)

76

Giovanni Verri, Annette T. Keller, Francesca Piqu?, and Alfredo

Aldrovandi

?Time-Resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Fluorescence Lifetime

Imaging for the Analysis of Organic Materials in Wall Painting

Replicas (2015)

83

Daniela Comelli, Austin Nevin, Giovanni Verri, Gianluca

Valentini, and Rinaldo Cubeddu

?Noninvasive, In Situ Identification of Binding Media Using Reflection

Mid-FTIR (2015)

97

Costanza Miliani, Antonio Sgamellotti, Giovanni Verri,

Paolo Benedetti, B. Giovanni Brunetti, Alessia Daveri, and

Francesca Rosi

?FTIR in Reflectance and Attentuated Total Reflectance for the Analysis of

Stratigraphic Cross Sections of Wall Paintings Samples (2015)

111

Austin Nevin and Charlotte Martin de Fonjaudran

?Use of ELISA in Identifying Proteins in the Tintori Wall

Painting Replicas

122

Joy Mazurek and Jennifer Porter

Appendix 1: Cataloging of the Wall Painting Replica Samples

132

Images of Tintori replicas

Appendix 2: Archive Sample of Replica OL18bis

136

Sample data set

Organic Materials in Wall Paintings: Project Report--Getty Conservation Institute 2015

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