Independent Study: The Drug Classification System



Independent Study: The Drug Classification System

Drugs are organized in taxonomies (classifications) in three ways.

1. Chemical classification groups drugs according to structure.

Example:

2. Pharmacologic classification groups drugs according to physiologic

activities and mechanisms of actions.

Example:

3. Therapeutic classification groups drugs according to therapeutic

indications.

Example:

Review "Schedule of Controlled Substances “(I to V) - Aschenbrenner p. 26

Pregnancy Categories - Aschenbrenner p. 91

Drugs associated with Cardiovascular Therapies:

Cardiac glycosides

Antiarrhythmic agents

• Beta Blockers

• Calcium channel blockers

• Others

Antianginals

• Beta Blockers

• Calcium channel blockers

• Nitrates

Vasopressors

Antihypotensive agents - Adrenergic agonists I sympathomimetic agents Drugs associated with Cardiovascular Therapies: (continued)

Antihypertensive agents

• ACE Inhibitors (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors)

• Alpha-adrenergic blockers

• Angiotensin II receptor blockers

• Beta adrenergic blockers - block action of adrenalin (epinephrine)

Effects on heart, resp function, & kidney function

• Calcium channel blockers - cardiac & vascular effects

• Vasodilators

Vasodilators (Cerebral & Peripheral Vasodilating Agents)

Diuretics

• Loop diuretics

• Thiazide diuretics

Lipid Lowering Agents (Antihyperlipidemics) (Antilipemics)

Anticoagulants

Antiplatelet drugs -

Drugs associated with Cardiovascular Therapies: (continued)

Hemostatic agents - Vitamin K

Hematinic agents - ferrous sulfate

Thrombolytic Agents

Drugs associated with Respiratory Therapies:

Antihistamines

Antitussives

Bronchodilators

Decongestants

Expectorants

Xanthine derivatives

Drugs associated with Gastrointestinal Therapies:

Antacids

Antidiarrheal agents

Antiemetic agents

Antiulcer agents

Drugs associated with Gastrointestinal Therapies: (continued)

Emetic Agents

Histamine2-receptor antagonists

Laxatives

• Bulk-forming

• Emollient

• Hyperosmolar

• Lubricant

• Stimulant

Drugs associated with Anesthesia and Pain Therapies:

Anesthetic Agents

Analgesics

• Narcotic analgesics (Opioids)

• Non-narcotic analgesics

• NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)

Salicylates – aspirin

Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors - ibuprofen

• Para-aminophenol derivatives - acetaminophen

Drugs associated with Neurologic and Psychiatric Therapies

Cholinergic agents - Parasympathmimetic - imitate acetylcholine

Effect GI tract+, cardiovascular system-, urinary tract+, 1

Anticholinergic agents

Adrenergic agents - sympathomimetic, ex. Bronchodilators

CNS Stimulants

Anticonvulsants -

Antiparkinson Agents

Antianxiety Agents

Barbiturates

Sedatives

Hypnotics

Phenothiazines - chlorpromazine (Thorazine)

Drugs associated with Neurologic and Psvchiatrid Therapies (continued)

Antidepressants

Antipsychotic agents

Skeletal muscle relaxants

Drugs associated with Hormonal Therapies & Reproduction

Antidiabetic agents (pancreatic hormone) - insulin

Hypoglycemics, oral -glyburide

Growth hormones (pituitary)

Antidiuretic hormone (pituitary)

Thyroid replacement hormones

Parathyroid agents

Oxytocins / oxytocic agents

Lactation suppressants

Drugs associated with Hormonal Therapies & Reproduction: (continued)

Estrogens

Actions: contraceptive, honnone replacement, & antineoplas1

Progestins

Oral contraceptives

Tocolytic agents

Ovulation stimulant - clomiphene (Clomid)

Androgens I anabolic steroids

Drugs associated with Anti-inflammatory Therapies:

Corticosteroids - prednisone

NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)

• Salicylates – aspirin

• Prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors - ibuprofen

Para-aminophenol derivatives - acetaminophen

Antipyretic agents

Drugs associated with Anti-inflammatory Therapies: (continued)

Antigout agents

Antirheumatic (Anti-arthritic)

Drugs associated with Anti-infective Therapies:

Aminoglycosides - gentamicin

Antibacterial agents

Antitubercular agents

Antifungal agents

Antiviral agents

Cephalosporins

Penicillins

Sulfonamides

Tetracyclines - * Permanent discoloration of teeth occurs if administered

during tooth

formation (in children younger than 8).

* Contraindicated in pregnancy & lactation.

Chemotherapeutic Agents used in Cancer Treatment (Antineoplastics):

vinca alkaloids - vincristine (Oncovin,Oncovorin)

Antimetabolite antineoplastics - methotrexate (Mexate)

Alkalating agents - cisplatin (platinol)

Antitumor antibiotics (Antibiotic antineoplastics) - adriamycin

Hormones & hormone antagonists

• Estrogens - diethylstilbesterol

• Antiestrogens - tamoxifen

Taxanes - paclitaxel (Taxol)

Biologic Response Modifiers:

Immune stimulators -

• Interferons

• Interleukins

• T/B cell modulators

Biologic Response Modifiers: (continued)

Immunosuppressant agents

• T /B cell inhibitors - Imuran

Used as an adjunct treatment to prevent rejection in renal homotransplantation & for adults with classic rheumatoid arthritis who do not respond to conventional treatment (Cleveland, 762)

• Monoclonal antibodies - Orthoclone OKT3

Used to prevent allograft rejection in renal, heart, & liver transplants

2002 EL;Rev.11/02 LC

Reviewed 08/03/AA

................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download