Biology 1406 - WCJC



Biology 1406 Review Sheet for Exam 2 Mr. Dees

Note: the following is a brief synopsis of the topics covered by the first lecture exam. Be sure that this sheet is not all that you study, for this list may be incomplete and is not very detailed. Anything covered in lecture is fair-game for the exam. Use this to be sure you do not have any “gaps” in your notes. A helpful section is provided at the end of each chapter in the form of a chapter summary, key terms, and review questions.

Chapter 6

basic unit of life

three characteristics all cells share

Robert Hooke

advances in microscopy

magnification

resolution

types of microscopes discussed in class

prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells – compare and contrast

what regulates cells size?

structure of the plasma membrane

compare and contrast generalized plant and animal cells

be sure to know the structure and function of all cellular parts discussed in class:

microvilli

flagellum

cilia

cytoplasm

cytoskeleton

mitochondrion

cristae

matrix

chloroplast

grana

thylakoid

Centrosome

centrioles – mitotic spindle

SER

RER

Golgi apparatus – cis and trans face

vesicles - vacuoles

ribosome – free and bound

lysosome

peroxisome

nucleus

nuclear envelope

nuclear pores

nucleolus

chromatin-chromosomes

cell wall

plasmodesmata

cellulose

central vacuole

tonoplast

turgor pressure

human chromosomes 23 pair

composition of cell wall

cellular junctions discussed

tight junctions, gap junctions, desmosomes in animal cells

plasmodesmatsa in plant cells

coordination of cellular activity

genetic control

Chapter 7

relative thickness of plasma membrane

Who are Gorter and Grendel, Davson and Danelli, Singer and Nicolson and what did each do??

fluid mosaic model

factors that allow membrane fluidity

functions of membrane proteins – there were six discussed in class

integral and peripheral proteins

glycolipds

glycoproteins

process for synthesis of membrane

forms of membrane transport

active vs passive

diffusion

concentration gradient

equilibrium

osmosis

hypotinic – hypertonic – isotonic solutions

net movement of water

solute – solvent- solution

effects of tonicity on plant and animal cells

contractile vacuole of paramecium

facilitated diffusion

channel protein

carrier protein

sodium-potassium pump

bulk transport

Exocytosis

endocytosis

Phagocytosis

Pinocytosis

receptor-mediated endocytosis

Chapter 8

metabolism defined

role of enzymes

catabolic pathways

anabolic pathways

energy

kinetic energy

potential energy

thermodynamics

1st and 2nd laws of thermodynamics and relevance to living systems - examples

three types of cellular work with examples

ATP

know the process by which ATP produces energy for cellular work

phosphorylation

catalysts

enzymes

substrate

active site

enzyme-substrate complex

factors that influence enzymatic activity with examples discussed in class

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