Unit 4: Political Geography
Unit 4: Political Geography
1. Know Wallerstein’s World Systems Theory (Core / Semi-Periphery/ Periphery)
2. What is the significance of the Brandt Line?
3. Know the advantages and disadvantages of the shape of states & specific examples
a. Compact
b. Perforated
c. Exclave
d. Enclave
e. Prorupted
f. Fragmented
4. Know the types of borders
a. Physical/natural
b. Cultural
i. geometric
ii. consequent
1. religious
2. language – Cyprus would be a good ex. text p.271
3. etc.
iii. subsequent
iv. antecedent
v. superimposed
1. Africa has good examples of countries with superimposed boundaries
2. remember the Congress of Berlin (1884) established the boundaries – European powers made the decisions without input from the African nations
c. unclear boundaries resulting in frontiers such as on the Arabian Peninsula (text p. 268)
5. Define:
a. Territoriality
b. boundary definition
c. boundary delimitation
d. boundary demarcation
e. nation-state
6. how states organize the power of government – know examples
a. unitary
b. federal
c. confederate
7. Devolution & Regional or asymmetric federalism – know
a. definition,
b. causes,
c. effects, and
d. specific examples
i. Soviet Union
1. Dagestan
2. Georgia
ii. Yugoslavia
iii. Czechoslovakia (Velvet Divorce)
iv. Nunavut - Canada
v. United Kingdom: Scotland, Wales, N. Ireland
vi. Spain - Basque & Catalonia
vii. Sudan / Southern Sudan
8. Forward capital – definition and specific examples
9. Electoral Districts
a. gerrymandering – NC 12th District
b. reapportionment
c. NE losing population therefore representatives and electoral votes, while S and SW gains
10. Centripetal and Centrifugal forces
a. forces that create
b. effects of
c. specific examples in each region
11. History
a. Imperialism – which areas were colonized when, causes, effects, Congress of Berlin, decolonization timeline (in Africa most countries became independent in the 1960s and 70s)
b. Cold War – Iron Curtain, Soviet bloc, shatterbelt and buffer zone of East Europe
12. Political impact on landscape – know some general examples
a. height restrictions
b. city planning / zoning or lack of ..
c. square farm land from 1785 Land Ordinance
d. iconography – like Mt. Rushmore
13. Geopolitics – definition
a. Ratzel (German) – Organic State
b. Haushofer – Lebensraum (living space)
c. Mackinder (English) – Pivot Area, Heartland Theory
d. Alfred T. Mahan – must control sea lanes
e. Spykman – Rimland Theory
f. Effects of geopolitical theories on
i. Germany
ii. US
g. **new term** unilateralism – world order in which one state is in a position of dominance with allies following rather than sharing political decision-making – the United States is making unilateral decisions for its allies.
14. International Organizations
a. supranational organizations
i. definition
ii. how supranational org. affect sovereign states – Such as how NAFTA affects US or how the EU affects member nations
b. Political / Military
i. United Nations
ii. regional military alliances – pick one from each region to know something about
c. Economic
i. European Union
ii. NAFTA
iii. OPEC
iv. pick 2 more to know something about
d. United Nations Convention on the Law of the Seas (UNCLOS)
i. territorial seas – 12 nautical miles
ii. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) 200 n.m.
iii. high seas or global commons
15. Genocides –
a. Bosnian
b. Rwandan
c. Darfur
16. Stateless Nations
a. Kurds
b. Palestinians
17. Mutlistate nations
a.
18. Multinational States
a. Switzerland
b. Russia
c. Belgium
d. Iran
e. former Yugoslavia
19. Disputed territories
a. Taiwan
b. Tibet
c. Western Sahara
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