Unit 4: Political Geography



Unit 4: Political Geography

1. Know Wallerstein’s World Systems Theory (Core / Semi-Periphery/ Periphery)

2. What is the significance of the Brandt Line?

3. Know the advantages and disadvantages of the shape of states & specific examples

a. Compact

b. Perforated

c. Exclave

d. Enclave

e. Prorupted

f. Fragmented

4. Know the types of borders

a. Physical/natural

b. Cultural

i. geometric

ii. consequent

1. religious

2. language – Cyprus would be a good ex. text p.271

3. etc.

iii. subsequent

iv. antecedent

v. superimposed

1. Africa has good examples of countries with superimposed boundaries

2. remember the Congress of Berlin (1884) established the boundaries – European powers made the decisions without input from the African nations

c. unclear boundaries resulting in frontiers such as on the Arabian Peninsula (text p. 268)

5. Define:

a. Territoriality

b. boundary definition

c. boundary delimitation

d. boundary demarcation

e. nation-state

6. how states organize the power of government – know examples

a. unitary

b. federal

c. confederate

7. Devolution & Regional or asymmetric federalism – know

a. definition,

b. causes,

c. effects, and

d. specific examples

i. Soviet Union

1. Dagestan

2. Georgia

ii. Yugoslavia

iii. Czechoslovakia (Velvet Divorce)

iv. Nunavut - Canada

v. United Kingdom: Scotland, Wales, N. Ireland

vi. Spain - Basque & Catalonia

vii. Sudan / Southern Sudan

8. Forward capital – definition and specific examples

9. Electoral Districts

a. gerrymandering – NC 12th District

b. reapportionment

c. NE losing population therefore representatives and electoral votes, while S and SW gains

10. Centripetal and Centrifugal forces

a. forces that create

b. effects of

c. specific examples in each region

11. History

a. Imperialism – which areas were colonized when, causes, effects, Congress of Berlin, decolonization timeline (in Africa most countries became independent in the 1960s and 70s)

b. Cold War – Iron Curtain, Soviet bloc, shatterbelt and buffer zone of East Europe

12. Political impact on landscape – know some general examples

a. height restrictions

b. city planning / zoning or lack of ..

c. square farm land from 1785 Land Ordinance

d. iconography – like Mt. Rushmore

13. Geopolitics – definition

a. Ratzel (German) – Organic State

b. Haushofer – Lebensraum (living space)

c. Mackinder (English) – Pivot Area, Heartland Theory

d. Alfred T. Mahan – must control sea lanes

e. Spykman – Rimland Theory

f. Effects of geopolitical theories on

i. Germany

ii. US

g. **new term** unilateralism – world order in which one state is in a position of dominance with allies following rather than sharing political decision-making – the United States is making unilateral decisions for its allies.

14. International Organizations

a. supranational organizations

i. definition

ii. how supranational org. affect sovereign states – Such as how NAFTA affects US or how the EU affects member nations

b. Political / Military

i. United Nations

ii. regional military alliances – pick one from each region to know something about

c. Economic

i. European Union

ii. NAFTA

iii. OPEC

iv. pick 2 more to know something about

d. United Nations Convention on the Law of the Seas (UNCLOS)

i. territorial seas – 12 nautical miles

ii. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) 200 n.m.

iii. high seas or global commons

15. Genocides –

a. Bosnian

b. Rwandan

c. Darfur

16. Stateless Nations

a. Kurds

b. Palestinians

17. Mutlistate nations

a.

18. Multinational States

a. Switzerland

b. Russia

c. Belgium

d. Iran

e. former Yugoslavia

19. Disputed territories

a. Taiwan

b. Tibet

c. Western Sahara

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