Physiological versus pathological left ventricular hypertrophy

Echocardiography is fundamental in the assessment of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), which is defined as a left ventricular wall thickness (LVWT) greater than 12mm [1,2]. A meta-analysis of almost 1000 echocardiographic studies of highly trained male athletes demon-strated that athletes exhibited a 15–20% increase in septal and left ... ................
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