Workplace Language Enrichment – Foundation – LGE 460
What’s Next ?
Transition
to a College or Career Program
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A Textbook for English Language Learners
©Barbara D’Emilio & Ruth Ticktin
Objectives:
What’s Next? Transition to a Career or College Program
Welcome to “What’s Next?” This book is designed to introduce you to careers in the areas of hospitality, health, construction/skilled trades, computer technology, entrepreneurship, and education/child care in order to prepare you to further pursue your educational goals and make career choices. These are careers where there is job growth today.
The text includes real life activities that draw on the knowledge you bring. You will continue to develop listening, reading, writing and speaking skills as well as the ability to work in teams. You will also enhance your on-the-job communication abilities; learn how to identify employment opportunities and career goals; complete a résumé; work on study and test taking skills; and practice job interviewing skills. Problem solving, critical thinking, and researching are important parts of this book.
To the teachers: This curriculum is designed to address the needs of intermediate to advanced level students but it can be adapted and used in differentiated classrooms. Our goal is to provide students with information and vocabulary about a variety of professions that will help them advance on their jobs and education. We hope that students will be able to move on to various courses that prepare them for certificates, licenses, and degrees in the various field covered here. As you review this curriculum, keep the following in mind.
1. This is a flexible text, not a script. Feel free to adapt it to fit your teaching style and the specific needs and areas of interest of your students.
2. Use students as resources. There will by many students who will be able to talk about the various workplaces and careers discussed in class. Use them to enrich the discussion and learning experience.
3. Spend time at the beginning of each class to review assignments, answer questions and
address specific grammatical concerns.
4. Assignments can be altered to fit specific topics discussed in class or specific needs that emerge with your group.
5. When possible, invite guest speakers, show videos, DVD’s etc. Students may be helpful in identifying speakers.
6. Additional readings are recommended to accompany this text. Students read and discuss as well as reflect and write about a variety of reading selections. Some of the student writing is included in this text.
The following standards met: Equipped for the Future (EFF) and
The Secretary’s Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills (SCANS)
What’s Next?
Transition to a College or Career Program
Table of Contents
Unit 1: Introduction to the Workforce page 3
Unit 2: Health Careers, C.N.A. & E.M.T. page 9
Unit 3: Construction & Skilled Trades page 18
Unit 4: Your Own Business page 27
Unit 5: Day Care and Teaching Assts. page 32
Unit 6: Hospitality & Food Service page 37
Unit 7: Computer Technology page 42
Unit 8: Get a Job: from start to finish page 48
Unit 9: Prepare for Tests & Final page 55
Unit 10: Research Project page 60
Resources page 61
A Textbook for English Language Learners
©Barbara D’Emilio & Ruth Ticktin
UNIT 1 – INTRODUCTION, WORKFORCE
A Bus Ride
1 It is a cold, snowy evening in Riverdale, Md. In the darkness, a group of people wait for the bus to take them home after a long day of work. Many of them left home before the sun came up. They get on the bus, find a seat and relax. There is time to think.
2 Mitali, a young man from India, sits in the back of the bus. He has been in the U.S. for almost a year. He wanted to go to England where his sister lives but he won the visa lottery to come to the U.S. Since his cousin lives in Washington D.C., he came to stay with him. Mitali was a good student and graduated from high school in India. He is 19 years old and has not had much work experience. He thought he’d find a good job as soon as he got to the U.S. After applying for many jobs and being rejected, he finally accepted a job as a dishwasher in a big hotel. He doesn’t know exactly what he wants to do in the future but he doesn’t want to clean dishes all of his life. He wonders what it would be like to work as a cook in a restaurant. Mitali is tired and troubled. His name means “friend” in Hindi and right now he could use a friend. “What can I do to get a better job?” he asks himself.
3 In the middle of the bus by the door, an Ethiopian woman in her 40’s named Desta waits for her stop. She came to the U.S. seven years ago with her three children after her husband died. She started out working two jobs – one as a housekeeper at a retirement community and the other as a server at a restaurant on weekends. She is now working as a home care assistant with the elderly. She is good at her job and wants to eventually become a nurse. Her name means “happiness” and she brings much happiness to the people she helps. To advance on her job she needs to get her Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) certificate. As she looks out the window, she thinks about how she will get that certificate and wonders if she knows enough English.
4 Gamba from Cameroon, a 30 year old man with lots of energy, gets on the bus. His co-worker Luz, from Nicaragua, is with him. They sit near the driver and talk about their jobs as cashiers at a big department store. They complain because they are bored working as cashiers. Gamba was an electrician in Cameroon and really liked that type of work. He wants a job as an electrician here and the opportunity to learn new skills too. Luz was a teacher in her country. She loves children and is a great storyteller and math teacher. She really wants to teach again. Gamba, whose name means “warrior”, is determined to reach his goal to be an electrician and upgrade his skills. Luz, whose name means “light”, wants to continue her work as a teacher, to bring the light of education to all children in this country. “What do we have to do to use the skills we have from our countries here in the US?” they ask.
5 Anh Dung gets on the bus in front of a laundry/dry cleaners. She is 50 years old, from Vietnam, and on her way home to the apartment that she shares with her family. Her sister brought her to the U.S. two years ago. In Vietnam Anh Dung had worked as a receptionist in an office. She began to learn about computers and now wants to study computer programming. Her name means “strength” and Anh Dung is strong-willed and determined to be successful in this country. “I am willing to work and study a lot to reach my goal,” she thinks to herself.
6 The bus is not only transportation to and from work but a place where people think about their troubles and give life to their hopes and dreams.
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Vocabulary
accept - to take on, to agree to do something
apply - to make a request for
reject – to not accept
troubled – worried (unhappy) or anxious (not able to relax)
elderly – old people
retirement community – places where the elderly are taken care of
eventually – after a long time
advance – to move forward to a new job
wonder – to consider something that is unclear and try to figure out what is true or what will happen; to think and dream at the same time
complain – to say that you are unhappy, not satisfied
skill – an ability, something a person is good at doing
warrior – soldier or fighter
goal – something you want to accomplish
upgrade – to raise to a higher level, to add new knowledge
DISCUSSION:
1. What kinds of jobs do the people in the story have now?
2. What jobs did they have before they came to the U.S.?
3. What skills do the people in the story have?
(For example, what skills does an electrician have? Do the same for: health, construction/skilled trades, teaching, computer techs, business owners & hospitality/food service.)
4. What are their goals in the US?
5. What do they need to do to reach their goals?
6. What advice would you give Mitali who is young and without much support
from his family?
Activity – pre-test Objective: Determine writing skills upon entry to the course. Reflect on “A Bus Ride.” Write something about yourself. What would you be wondering or thinking about if you were there, on your way home from work one evening.
Other pre-tests used: ESL Accuplacer, College Board, Michigan, ACT Compass test – check local community colleges
ACTIVITY - Interviewing each other
Choose a partner and interview each other in order to find out what skills the partner has from previous experiences in their country of origin and/or what skills they have gained in the U.S. After the interview, share what you learned about the person with the whole group.
The following questions can serve as a guide.
• Where are you from?
• What kind of jobs did you have previously?
• What skills did you have on your job? What are you good at doing? What do you like to do?
• What new skills have you gotten here in the recently?
• What kind of job would you really like to have?
ASSIGNMENT:
• Describe a job you had in the past. What did you do? Who did you work with? What skills did you bring to your job? What did you like about your job? What didn’t you like?
Student Writing
An Interview with my Friend by Heriberto Casasanero
My friend was born in El Salvador. He went to school there for 9 or 10 years. He never had an idea what to study in his country. When he was around 14 years old, he got a job with one of his friends washing cars.
In 1999 he came to America to start a new life. “It was hard,” he said to me. “I saw many people who have been living in America more than ten years and still don’t speak the language.”
He got into a school to study ESL, graduated from it, and went on to college. He loves computers, so he is learning about them and right now he is in I.T. He wants to work as an I.T. person.
I’m very proud of my friend because he is one of those guys who never give up. He continues to try and try.
A Description of a Past Job by Isabel Quijada
During all my childhood I helped my parents with their grocery store. We sold supplies to our neighbors and from this station of my life I learned to control my temper and my tongue: diplomacy. Also, my parents taught me that in order to get a successful business one must think of the customers and build a relationship with them. This knowledge was the foundation of my own business later, but it wasn’t all I needed to know. I had to learn to manage money, when to spend and when to cut my expenses. I learned about stock, what to buy, how many and at what time. Dealing with people was the hardest and at the same time the most rewarding thing of that whole experience. I owned a small warehouse in the town where I grew up. During my childhood I knew all the people but later as the town grew, many new people arrived so when I had my business, many times I had to judge people’s character. This taught me how people can deceive in order to get what they want.
DISCUSSION:
Look at a reading strategy list from a text.
Talk about what works best for you.
Define: pre-reading, scanning, using highlighters, or post-it notes.
Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Record, Review – SQ4R
wvup.edu/academics/learning_center/sq4r_reading_method.htm
Survey the selection before you read
Question while you are surveying
Read a section at a time
Recite after you've read a section
Relate to information you already know
Review an ongoing process
Fill in the blanks in the following sentences using these words.
applied, wonders, complain, accepted, upgrade, eventually, rejected, advance, retirement, elderly
Example: Her sister brought her to the U.S. two years ago.
a. Mitali ________ for many jobs but was __________.
b. He __________ a job as a dishwasher.
c. Desta works at a _______________ community with the _________.
d. She wants to _________ on her job and ___________ become a nurse.
e. Gamba and Luz _________ because they are bored with their jobs.
f. Gamba wants to _________ his skills
g. Desta _________ if she knows enough English.
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UNIT 2 - Health Careers, C.N.A. and E.M.T
Desta’s Story
I am from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. I have been in the U.S. for seven years. My three (3) children and I came to Washington D.C. to live with my brother and his family after my husband died. My husband and I owned a restaurant in Ethiopia. I learned a lot about taking care of people, managing a business and making nutritious food. Now I work as a home healthcare assistant. I love my job because I take care of the elderly. In my country the elderly are respected and honored because they are wise and have much to teach us. They live with their families until they pass away. In the U.S. the elderly are often put in retirement communities to be taken care of by others. I like being able to take care of them. I help my patients take a bath and make sure they have nutritious food. I remind them to take their medication on time and I go with them to their doctors’ appointments. But I want to do more. I want to be able to provide first aid and to understand their vital signs, illnesses, and medication. I want to help them deal with cancer, dementia, and terminal illnesses. I plan to learn the basics now, get my Geriatric Nursing Assistant Certificate and continue in college and become a registered nurse. I want my children to know that it is never too late to learn something new, to advance, and to reach your goals. Learning is the key to success.
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Vocabulary
nutrition – food that is necessary to live and grow
nutritious – gives nutrition, makes things live and grow
managing – directing people, handling something, like in a business,
elderly - old people
wise - having knowledge, showing good judgment
pass away - die
patients – people who receive care
medication – the use of medicine (substance used to treat a disease/illness)
vital signs – physical signs that show someone is alive – heartbeat, breathing,
temperature, blood pressure
cancer – a malignant (dangerous) growth anywhere in the body that may spread to other parts of the body
dementia – loss of mental powers
terminal illness – an illness that ends in death
basics – fundamental information, most important
geriatric – working with the elderly
registered nurse – a graduate nurse who passed the state exam and is registered and licensed by the state to practice nursing
advance – move forward or closer to
success – a satisfactory outcome, good results, something works out well
Write 5 sentences using as many of these words as you can:
nutrition, nutritious, management, wise, pass away, patients, medication, vital signs, cancer, dementia, terminal illness, basics, geriatric, goal
DISCUSSION:
What career is Desta interested in pursuing? Why?
What will she be able to do in her chosen career?
What is her goal in the future?
Why is a health career a good choice?
What are other health related careers? (List & distinguish those requiring academic degrees from continuing education)
What skills do people in the health careers need?
Where do people in the health careers work?
ACTIVITY:
Objective: Learn about health careers by reading a community college course schedule, help wanted ads, and online job search engines.
In pairs or small groups, choose one of the six careers. Imagine you are a practitioner of that career and include the following in your presentation:
1. the name of the career
2. what the person does in this career
3. skills they need for this career
4. educational qualifications.
5. be prepared to answer questions about the career
ASSIGNMENTS:
1. Choose a health career that you are curious about – what does the person in that career do and why it is interesting to you? Write about it.
2. Talk to someone in a health related career and find out what they do and prepare to tell the class what you found out.
3. Research other jobs in health such as massage therapist or radiology technician.
ACTIVITY:
Objective: to become familiar with various career choices in the health field and qualifications. Brainstorm various health careers. Check out this career website: acinet/explore/View.aspx
Make sure to include the following: EMT, CNA/GNA, Dental Assistant, Phlebotomy Technician, Pharmacy Technician, Medical Office Assistant
Match the job titles in the first column with the job duties in the second column. Write the correct letter from the Job Duties column on the line provided in the Job Title Column.
|Job Title |Job Duties |
|____ CNA |a. draws blood and transports blood samples |
| |b. provides advanced medical treatment at the site of an injury,|
|____ Dental Assistant |crisis intervention |
| |c. schedules patients, keeps medical records, provides basic |
|____ GNA |patient care |
| |d. works with the elderly |
|____ Registered Nurse | |
| |e. provides pre-hospital emergency care for patients, often |
|____ Pharmacy Technician |works with fire department or on ambulances |
| |f. helps patients with health care needs such as feeding, |
|____ Dental Hygienist |bathing, dressing |
| |g. prepares the patient for the dentist, washes and sterilizes |
|____ Medical Office Assistant |instruments and assists dentist |
| |h. works directly with a patient, cleaning and scraping teeth |
|____ Phlebotomy Technician | |
| |i. works under the supervision of a pharmacist, providing |
|____ EMT |medicine by filling prescriptions and providing health care |
| |products to patients |
| |j. supervises CNA/GNAs, assesses patient needs and plans for |
|____ Paramedic |patient care with the doctor, gives medication |
A Day in the Life of an Emergency Medical Technician (EMT)
1 What a busy day I have had! I am an E.M.T. Basic. I work with firefighters and help them respond to emergencies in the community. Today we went to a car accident on Georgia Ave. We treated a woman who had many bruises, a fractured leg, and a deep wound on her arm. We put cold packs on the bruises, put a splint on her leg and stopped the bleeding in her arm and bandaged it. We took her in the ambulance to the hospital where they put a cast on her leg and put stitches in her arm to help it heal better. She was very upset but I stayed with her until her family arrived. I also helped her learn how to use crutches.
2 When I got back to the fire station we received another call. A woman called to tell us that her elderly father seemed to be having a heart attack. When we arrived he was unconscious. We applied C.P.R. until his pulse and breathing returned. We took him to the hospital where he had an operation.
3 It was a long day. When I got home my daughter was crying because she had a splinter in her finger. I got the tweezers and removed it and put a band-aid on it. I was relieved that it was a minor problem.
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Vocabulary
bruise - a mark on your skin that appears after bumping it against something hard. The skin changes color from blue/purple to red/yellow.
fracture – being broken or cracked
wound – an injury to the body in which the skin is broken, cut or torn
splint – a piece of wood (or metal) used to keep a broken bone in place
cast – plaster put on a broken part of the body to keep it from moving until it heals
stitches – the result of using thread to close a wound
unconscious – not being able to feel or think
C.P.R. – Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is done by qualified people who can bring back a person’s breathing and circulation of the blood when the heart stops.
pulse – the regular beating in the arteries caused by the beating of the heart.
splinter – a sharp, thin, little piece of wood
tweezers – small pincers for pulling out hairs, small objects, splinters
relieved – comforted, calmed, not worried
crutches - used to assist walking, with a handgrip and a rest for the arm.
upset - distressed, unhappy about a situation
ASSIGNMENT:
Read the story about the EMT again & answer the following questions:
1. What is an EMT?
2. Who does the EMT work with?
3. What did the EMT do to help the lady with the fractured leg?
4. What did they do at the hospital to help the lady?
5. What did the EMT do to help the man who was unconscious?
6. Why was the EMT’s daughter crying?
7. What did the EMT do to help his daughter?
ACTIVITY: Students share their writing. Practice taking notes when others read. Mark down any questions you may have. Prepare to discuss what you liked about the essay.
Student Writing
Health Professionals by Janneth Gonzales
I think it is a good to see patients as real people because anybody that comes to the clinic, hospital, or emergency room could be your father, your son, or could be yourself. Therefore everybody should be treated as you want to be treated. Going to the hospital is not a good thing but this is a place where someday we are going to be. If that moment comes, at least you wish to have a good, friendly, and kind health professional that is going to help you feel better. This is especially true if that person is funny and makes jokes or can just talk to you and tell you how to solve the problems and how you can help yourself.
At a Clinic in the Community by Janett Arandia
This is a story of something that happened to me many, many years ago.
I rarely remember with a lot of details what happened, but this I remember. I was probably no more than 10 years old when I had this little accident.
It was a windy day and I was playing and running around the house. I remember very clearly because my mother said to me, “Be careful and don’t play with doors.” But I was young, so of course I didn’t listen to her. This sad day I almost lost my finger.
One of the heavy, big doors closed very fast and I couldn’t hold it. Everything happened so fast. I started to cry and my hand was covered with a lot of blood. My mom came, and she got upset and worried about me. She covered my hand and took me to the clinic near our house. A nurse cleaned the blood from my left hand and she realized that part of my small finger was gone. She disinfected the wound and put stitches on my finger. She covered my finger with gauze and gave my mom some instructions to keep my finger clean until it healed completely. Thank God I learned my lesson and I didn’t lose my finger at all. I realized when you have an accident most of the times things are not going to be the same as the way they were before.
The moral of the story is: Always listen to what your mom says because she always wants the best for you.
ACTIVITY: (medical terminology)
Objectives: review body parts, learn health care/first aid vocabulary, problem solve around health issues. lib.purdue.edu/vetmed/inst/svmleader/talk101.html
Identify words by suffix or prefix, using both basic and advanced health vocabulary.
1.
2. Work in groups and identify body parts, those on the handout and others.
ACTIVITY: (first aid)
Materials: First aid kits for 2 or 3 groups depending on size of class First Aid Kit and First Aid Manual
Emergency Contact Sheet
1. Introduce the first aid manual and the contents of the kit. Refer to the “Day in the Life of an EMT” story and brainstorm about the purpose of the items. For example, the rubber gloves are used when treating a wound that is bleeding, gauze pads are used to absorb blood and a rolled bandage applied with tape.
2. Divide into groups. Each group has a first aid kit and a health problem to address. Decide what to do, with the help of the first aid manual and kit. Have students role play (or discuss) their problem and solutions:
Suggested problems to address:
• A mother brings in her young child who has a bee sting. The stinger is still in the child’s arm which is very swollen.
• A co-worker has fallen from a ladder and can’t get up.
• Your relative is the victim of a robbery on the street and is bleeding from a knife wound.
• Your friend has sprained her ankle and cannot walk.
• Your child has taken some of your heart medication.
ASSIGNMENTS:
1. Make an Emergency Contact Sheet including: doctors, pharmacy, school, family, & employers phone numbers. Don’t forget Poison Control 800-222-1222
2. Choose one of the following assignments and write about it:
• You are an EMT. Describe a situation you dealt with on your job.
• You are a CNA working with a school nurse helping the students.
• Talk to a health care worker about an interesting or difficult case.
GROUP A - Roles to be played: mother, child, and nurse at a clinic in the community. Choose a health problem for the child. The mother goes to the clinic and explains the problem to the nurse. The nurse questions the mother and child to find out more about the child’s symptoms. Then the nurse helps the child.
GROUP B - Roles to be played: EMT, 911 Operator and a person with an emergency problem. A person has an emergency problem (you choose, could be chest pain, broken leg whatever). The sick person calls the 911 Operator who asks questions about the person’s problems. She sends out the EMT to the person’s home. The EMT arrives, asks questions to find out more about the problem. The sick person answers. The EMT checks vital signs and helps the person.
GROUP C - Roles to be played: Pharmacy Technician and 2 people who are sick and want help. One person is the Pharmacy Technician working at Rite Aid and 2 people are sick (1 has a prescription) and want to ask for help. You decide what the problems are and act out the scene for the class.
Student Writing
A Hospital Emergency by Rubidia Henriquez
It was about 3:00 a.m. and I was sleeping when the phone rang. I woke up like I was sleeping and I picked up the phone. My friend answered and said:
“I’m Marisol. I’m so sorry to bother you at this time.”
I said to her “Don’t worry. Do you need something?”
She said: “Yes.”
She was crying and so I asked her: “What’s the problem?”
She said: “I need you to go to the hospital with me to translate in English.”
I said: “OK, Let’s go. I’ll wait for you outside.”
I hung up the phone and I didn’t ask her for more details. I dressed as soon as I could and I went out to wait for her. In a few minutes I saw her husband’s car coming. I got in the car and then I started to ask her what was wrong.
She said: I don’t know why but I have had a big pain killing me all night.”
I said “Oh my God, how come?”
She said: “I don’t know. I just ate an order of fries with a chicken sandwich and a bottle of water last night.”
We arrived at the hospital emergency room at about 3:30 am. I registered her and we waited until about 7:00 am. The nurse called her and asked her the reasons why she was there. So Marisol told me in Spanish about the pain that she was feeling. I repeated it in English to the nurse. The nurse told me to ask her if she has had any symptoms similar to her pain before.
Marisol said: “No it started last night. It was a big pain from the back and moved to the left.”
The nurse sent her to the small bed to wait for the doctor. A half an hour later the doctor came and examined her. He asked many questions again about describing the feeling and told her to wait. She had a kidney stone. Afterwards, the doctor gave her two prescriptions; one for pain and one to help move it along. We left the hospital at 12:00 noon, she took the medications and never felt that pain again.
UNIT 3 - CONSTRUCTION/SKILLED TRADES
GAMBA’S Story
1 My name is Gamba and I am from Cameroon in Africa. As a child in my country I always liked to take things apart and to put them back together. My father owned a repair shop and I helped him fix household appliances, like toasters, blenders and other things. I eventually became an electrician and repaired electrical problems in homes and helped put electricity in new houses. I saw how the architects’ blueprints were used to guide the building of the new houses. It was so interesting that a piece of paper could turn into a building. I like working in a team. I was able to meet many talented people like: builders, plumbers, carpenters, architects, contractors and bricklayers who make it possible for people to have homes. I thought my life was secure but a crisis happened and I had to leave my country, I cannot work as an electrician here because I do not have a valid license.
2 During the presidential elections I heard a lot of talk about creating green jobs. So, I decided to find out what they are and to see if I could get one. I went to a career counselor to find out about green jobs. We discussed how the fuels and materials we use for transportation, to construct, heat, cool and light buildings, and many other things have polluted our environment. Green jobs are being created to help us live in harmony with our environment and stop polluting it. The counselor gave me a list of green jobs and told me I could get training at a community college, adult education center, and possibly get an apprenticeship. I have decided to go to classes to learn how to increase energy efficiency in buildings by installing solar panels and energy efficient windows. My dream is to be part of a group that builds a school for my children that is good for our environment.
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Vocabulary
repair – fix, to restore to good condition
appliance – a piece of equipment, usually operated by electricity for use in the home
electrician – a person who works in the construction, repair or installation (putting in) of electrical wires and other materials
architect – a person who designs large structures, buildings etc.
plumber – a person who puts in and fixes pipes, fixtures, and other materials related to the water supply and drainage (emptying) systems
carpenter – a person who builds or repairs wooden structures; houses, shelves, etc.
contractor – a person or group of people who agree (by signing a contract) to furnish the supplies and perform work (such as building or repairing a house) at a price.
bricklayer - a person who lays bricks (blocks of hardened clay) for construction
secure – without worry, trouble, danger
crisis – big trouble, catastrophe
counselor – a person who advises another person officially or professionally
fuel – any material, such as coal, oil, gas, wood, used to heat or give power
construct – build install - put in
pollute – make dirty, corrupt, contaminate
environment – surroundings in which something exists, Earth’s system of natural resources
apprenticeship – an opportunity for someone to learn from by practical experience from someone who has mastered a career or trade
harmony – balance, agreement, fit well together
solar panels – panels that convert sunlight to electricity; often put on roofs of buildings.
blueprints - a print and guide of a technical drawing or design
Discussion:
What was Gamba’s career in his country?
Why was he interested in the career he chose in his country?
Why isn’t Gamba practicing his career in the U.S?
Who did Gamba talk to about green jobs?
What are green jobs?
What kind of job does Gamba want?
How will he get the training he needs?
What skills does an electrician need to do his or her job?
What skills will Gamba need for his new career?
What are some other types of construction workers not mentioned in the story? (painter, roofer, welder, landscape designer, cabinetmaker, HVAC)
ACTIVITY:
Objective: present important safety issues related to construction jobs
Prep: Copies of Safety Signs and Symbols
(nc-) Teacher Resources. ESL. N.C. Curriculum Guide. #4. Work Safety
1. Identify safety signs and symbols and review meaning of new words such as “flammable”
2. Look for consistencies, for example red is often in signs. Ask questions and write down the numbers of the signs from the website.
• Diagonal stripes on fire-related signs – _______
• Same symbols with and without words – ______________
• Left to right diagonal line means “no” – ________
Symbols only signs are:
______ No Smoking
______ Fire Extinguisher
______ Hard Hat area
______ Flammable
______ Radiation
______ Poison
______ Emergency shower
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Make a list of construction jobs. What are the professions who build our buildings, fix problems in our homes?
_plumber_______ ______________ ________________
______________ ______________ ________________
______________ ______________ ________________
______________ ______________ ________________
ASSIGNMENT: Read the selection from the interview with Doug Garcia.
How did you decide to become a safety educator?
Over the course of my career, I have really come to appreciate and understand the need for safety training. It bothers me most to see a great career cut short by a needless accident. Safety is one of the most important concerns in the construction industry. As a whole, the industry gives safety the attention it needs but ultimately the responsibility still falls on the individual. No matter how good a safety program is, it is only as good as the person who’s applying it. The company can only do so much; the employee has to finish the job. So I wanted to help people understand and apply safety on the job.
What would you say to someone entering the construction industry?
In my classes I stress that no matter what your skill level is, if you are not doing your job safely, then you are jeopardizing all your hard work. Even the most talented individuals can’t perform their jobs to the best of their ability if they have been injured or hurt.
If you are injured or incapable of performing your craft, you are not only losing your earning potential and your potential for advancement, but you are also depriving the industry of a trained craft worker and reducing your family’s quality of life. So you have to ask yourself every day, “How would an accident affect my family?” When I tell my students that, it really gets them thinking.
Core Curriculum, Introductory Craft Skills, Trainee Guide, 3rd ed. Pearson, Prentice Hall, p. 1.62-1.63
Answer the following questions:
1. What is one of the most important concerns in the construction industry?
2. Whose responsibility is it to make sure that the worksite is safe?
3. What can happen if you aren’t doing your job safely?
4. If you are injured you lose your ability to earn your salary but what else
happens?
5. What does Mr. Garcia recommend that a worker ask him/herself every
day?
ACTIVITY:
Objective: Familiarize students with hand tools
Materials: Pictures of the following hand tools: hammers, screwdrivers, sledgehammers, pliers, wire cutters, wrenches, saws, shovels, files. If possible bring in actual tools.
1. Review vocabulary for hand tools and use of tools.
2. Identify as a group which occupation would use specific tools.
3. Talk about times when you have used these tools on the
job or to make repairs at home.
4. Name other tools used in construction.
Student Writing
Working at a Carpet Cleaning Company by Aleyda Castillo
My job is to wash the carpet with special machines. One machine is the shampoo machine which washes the carpet with specific chemicals. Then afterwards I use the other machine, which dries the carpet.
I use safety signs on the job. I use the yellow triangular sign in which everybody reads: “Wet Floor.” I use shoes with specific soles which keep me safe when I do this job.
ACTIVITY: Putting it all together
Objective: Utilize new vocabulary and knowledge, to demonstrate an understanding of careers, tools and safety.
Materials: Two sets of cards:
1. Each card has the name of one construction job, i.e. electrician
Include other occupations such as: painter, landscape designer etc.
2. Five or Six cards with the following statements:
• Explain what you do on your job,
• Tell what kind of hand tools are used on your job
• Tell what kind of safety signs, symbols are found on your job
• Explain what other equipment is found on your job
3. Show props (hard hat, screw driver, face masks etc.), large safety signs and symbols.
ACTIVITY:
In groups of two, act out an occupation without saying the name so that others in the class are able to guess what it is. Each group role plays a situation or story about the chosen occupation. Act it out and address the 4 items on the statement cards without stating the name of the occupation. Others guess what occupation is being portrayed and add any information (tools etc.) that might have been left out.
CONSTRUCTION OCCUPATIONS
Fill in the blanks using the following words:
carpenter, bricklayer/brick mason, electrician, roofer, painter, welder,
HVAC mechanic or installer, glaziers, contractor, plumber
1. ______________ a person who agrees in a contract to do a certain job,
such as building a school, or remodeling a bathroom
2. ______________ a person who installs glass in windows, skylights, walls, store fronts
3. ______________ installs or repairs heating, central air conditioning or
refrigeration
4. ______________ a person who heats and puts together two or more pieces of metal so that the finished piece is strong.
5. ______________ a person who paints the outside and inside of buildings
6. ______________ a person who builds or repairs roofs
7. ______________ a skilled person who fits and repairs the pipes of gas and water systems
8. ______________ installs, maintains and repairs electrical wiring, equipment and fixtures
9. ______________ a person who lays and binds building materials, like brick or cinder block, with mortar to build or repair walls etc.
10.______________ a builder or repairer of wooden structures or wooden objects
ACTIVITY:
Write about other occupations and define them. Are they registered or licensed?
Green Collar Jobs
What are they?
Green collar jobs are work force opportunities in agriculture, manufacturing, research and development, administration and services that preserve, protect and restore the quality of the environment. They are often blue collar jobs that are performed in ways that benefit the environment such as zero waste, energy and water conservation, recycling, low or no carbon expenditure, no toxic inputs.
What specific types of jobs exist today?
car and truck mechanic jobs related to biodiesel or alternative fuels
energy retrofits to increase efficiency and conservation
green building
hauling and reuse of construction materials and debris
hazardous materials clean-up
landscaping
non-toxic household cleaning in residential and commercial buildings
solar installation
whole home performance, attic insulation, weatherization
water retrofits to increase water efficiency and conservation
small businesses producing products from recycled materials
parks and open space expansion and maintenance
green waste composting
bicycle repair and bike delivery services
printing with non-toxic inks and dyes
tree cutting and pruning
urban agriculture
recycling and reuse
Why are they important?
Moving away from jobs that pollute or do not take into account the needs of the environment towards work that restores and protects all aspects of our environment will assure the health and safety of workers, communities, society and the planet itself.
ASSIGNMENT: Read the selection from the interview with R.P. Hughes.
Answer questions after the reading:
How did you become interested in the construction industry?
When I graduated from high school, I had neither the money nor the desire to go to college. I was 17 years old, and the only job I could find at that time was in a mill. I was very unhappy about it, and when I had a chance to go into the construction profession with a residential builder, I took it. I started out as an apprentice.
I saw that construction had the potential to be an excellent career and that it had a promising future. I liked seeing a house going up, and I enjoyed working with my hands. Later, when we finished a house, I enjoyed driving by it and knowing that I had helped to build it.
What do you think it takes to be a success in your trade?
You need to be able to think problems through and to visualize. You need excellent math skills. You also need strong communication skills to be able to work as part of a team. A lot of people think that it’s enough just to know how to drive a nail, but there’s so much more involved. You need to be able to deal with subcontractors, with suppliers, and with architects every day. You must have a broad range of skills to be successful in construction.
What would you say to someone entering the trade today?
Students today need to be aware of the shortage of skilled workers in the construction industry. A lot of the workers out there are unskilled. The average age of a skilled carpenter today is around 56 years old, I’ve heard. Someone has to take these peoples place when they retire. We see plenty of young, sharp people enter our program, and they need formal training to become skilled workers. You’re not going to see skilled jobs like these shipped overseas, people are always going to need a house.
What do you like most about your job?
I really like the fact that every day is different. You may end up building the same house twice, but you may encounter a unique set of problems each time. There is a lot of satisfaction that comes from working with your hands. I enjoy going by houses that I built 20 or 30 years ago and seeing them still there. I enjoy giving homeowners a good product and seeing them happy in their homes. 4.38-4.39
DISCUSSION:
1. What does Mr. Hughes like about skilled trades as a career?
2. What skills did Mr. Hughes need to succeed as a construction worker?
3. What does Mr. Hughes think students need to become skilled workers?
4. What does he like most about his current job?
ASSIGNMENT: Choose a problem and solve it in writing
Assignment:
PROBLEM 1.
You arrive home and find your basement apartment full of water. A pipe is leaking. What do you do? Who will fix it and what tools will be used.
PROBLEM 2.
A hurricane hits your city and knocks the roof off of your house and breaks the windows. What do you do? Who will help you fix it. What tools will be used?
PROBLEM 3.
You won the lottery and want to build a house. Who will you call? What will the house look like? What kind of workers will help you build the house.
PROBLEM 4.
It is a snowy day. You arrive home and there is no heat in your house. What will you do? Who will you call on for help? What kind of tools will they use?
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UNIT 4 – YOUR OWN BUSINESS
From the Washington Post Magazine 10/10/201 An Interview with Afework Dawit
“I wanted to get out of Ethiopia to flee the military regime there. It was chaos. I took a scholarship from Russia; the intention was not to stay in Russia but to get out somehow to any Western country. I was a student in Russia for eight years, studying economic planning. From there, I got an invitation from my friend in New York.
It was a hard time for me in the beginning. I applied for political asylum,
But my request was denied after ten years. I tried to tell the judge that I really don’t want to be part of the Ethiopian government, this is my belief. But he said that I’m en economically privileged person in Ethiopia. I got my green card through my wife, who is an American citizen. I knew her back home, and we met again here.
I tried to look for work in economics, but what happened was every time I applied for jobs, they said I’m overqualified, they say I have to have an American education credential. I have to live my day-to-day life, so I started driving a taxicab in Washington, and after that I got into this business, owner of the L Street Market. We’ve had the store for three years now.
When you get into the business, there are so many, many things that you have to work on: the paperwork, going and buying the merchandise, dealing with customers, and dealing with the maintenance. All that is: me and my wife. This is a never ending job; we’re working 13, 14 hours a day. I didn’t have a vacation for the last three years, not a single one. Not a single day off.
My son is 11 years old. We try to teach him the value of work. He always asks me to buy something, and I tell him, ‘I don’t have that kind of money.’ He says, ‘Why? You work for the store.’ So one day I took him and told him ‘You know I’m buying this computer stuff for you because I’m working hard; if I didn’t work hard, I cannot make any money, and you could not get this. From now on, you come to the store and help me, and you make money.’ Otherwise, he’s thinking that things are easy for me.
This is my country now. I learned the value of work here. You don’t need to be an economist to live; you can be an unskilled laborer and make a living. But I’m also regretting something, because I could’ve done much better when I came to the United States. But I’m happy. I make a living.”
Interview by Amanda Abrams
Vocabulary:
flee – to leave something quickly to escape danger
chaos – a situation in which everything is confused and nothing is happening
in an organized way
economic planning – planning that relates to business, industry and managing money
political asylum – protection that a government gives to someone who escapes from
a country for political reasons
privileged – an advantage given to a person or group of people
overqualified – having more experience or education than is needed for a job
credential – someone's education achievements, experience that prove that s/he has the
ability to do something
merchandise – things that are for sale in stores
maintenance – work that is necessary to keep something in good condition
regret – sadness you feel about something you have done and wish you had not done
Discussion: Do you feel regret? Do you think this is fair?
Does your work define you? What makes you feel successful?
How do you think opening one’s own business could be easier?
Read the following stories about cooperatives.
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“We Can Do It” Creating a Women’s Cleaning Cooperative by Luz Maria Hernandez
What is “We Can Do It”?
“We Can Do It” is a cooperative of women. We clean people’s houses and offices.
What is a cooperative?
A cooperative is a business that is run by the workers. We make the decisions. We support each other. We work together as a group, and we are getting to know one another. It’s the best thing that has ever happened to me.
How did it start?
We were in an ESOL class in Brooklyn. We wanted to work. Some of us had jobs, but our employers did not always treat us fairly. We wanted a cooperative so we could get fair wages and make our own schedules. The people at the community center told us that we could create a cooperative business. If we worked as a cooperative business, we could have living wages and flexible schedules.
Do you have leaders?
We don’t have leaders. We have a leadership committee. The committee changes every year.
How do you make decisions?
Sometimes, some of us have ideas. We talk about the ideas, and we go forward with the best ideas. Usually, we agree by consensus that an idea is good, but sometimes we decide by voting.
What do you like best about working in a cooperative?
I work less time, I meet different people, and the clients treat us better. Also, I like to work in a group. I like to listen to the other members.
What is most challenging about it?
The challenge is to get more work for the members in the cooperative that need it. Another challenge is to find more time to spend with our children.
How is your cooperative being affected by the economic crisis?
Some of our members do not have as much work. They have to look for new clients.
What does the cooperative do if the member does not have work?
We try to share the clients so that everyone has work. We also look at why someone is losing clients. Maybe the clients are not happy because the work is not being done well. In that case, we try to help the worker do a better job.
Are you in an English class?
Yes, I am taking an English class. It’s important to study English, if you have the opportunity. For me, it’s very difficult because sometimes at work I can’t express myself well and I would really like to express myself well.
How do you find time to study English?
I receive support from my husband. He takes care of my daughter when I go to my English class.
The Change Agent September 2009, September 2009. Author is student at Center for Family Life, Brooklyn NY
“We Can Fix It” A Worker Cooperative that Does Repair Work and Has No Bosses
by Victor Rodriguez
What is “We Can Fix It”?
“We Can Fix It” is a cooperative of men and women. We do small construction jobs and repairs. The cooperative is a support for us as immigrants. We do demolition, repairs, painting, and sanding floors. We have experience hanging sheetrock and fixing holes in plaster walls and ceilings.
Why did you set up a cooperative? Why not an ordinary business?
We wanted a cooperative so that our salaries would be fair.
What was it like working in construction before you were in a cooperative?
I had to walk the streets looking for work. The bosses abused the workers. Sometimes I got paid. Sometimes I didn’t. I had to have my own tools. They did not give us protection from hazards on the job. When I was working with hazardous materials, I had to push them to give me a mask or something to cover my mouth.
How has being in a cooperative affected other parts of your life?
We are learning how to run a business. We are integrating ourselves into society. I feel like a person who can do more important things.
What do you like best about working in a cooperative?
We are independent because we are our own bosses and workers. And we don’t have to give information to any bosses or anybody, only to the members.
What is most challenging about it?
Not speaking perfect English. Sometimes we ask the adult educators at the school for help.
Is your cooperative being affected by the economic crisis?
Yes, it is being affected. There are not enough jobs.
What sort of support does your community need?
It is important for community centers and schools to give workshops so that day laborers and immigrants know their rights. Some don’t know their rights, and they are suffering discrimination.
The Change Agent September 2009, Written by students at Center for Family Life, Brooklyn NY
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DISCUSSION:
Answer the following questions:
1. – What is a cooperative?
2. – What do you learn from starting a cooperative?
3. – Who are the bosses in a cooperative?
4. – Do you think this is a good idea? Why? Why not?
Write about a cooperative or a small business that you would like to start in the future. What kind of company will it be and why are you starting it?
Student Writing
Twenty-Four Seven by Damboba Jeylu
The business that I want to run is a taxi cab company in Washington D.C. In Washington D.C. people can be independent cab drivers and own their own taxis. Also in D.C. anyone can open a company if a person has twenty or more taxis. It’s not like New York, Virginia, or Maryland where you work for accompany. Therefore one day I would like to have my own taxi cab company called “24/7” with a dispatch and 10-12 employees who are not carless or lazy. Also, people can book online.
First I am going to have my own few taxis and then hire more people to work for me. Five to ten years from now I want to have a big company called: 24/7.
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UNIT 5 – DAY CARE AND TEACHING ASSISTANTS
Luz’s Story
1 Luz was on her lunch break at the department store where she works as a cashier. She met her co-worker, Ellen, who was also on break and they decided to eat together. As they sat down, Luz said that she was a kindergarten teacher in Nicaragua and she really wants to work with children here in the U.S. She had tears in her eyes as she explained how much she longs to work with children again. She thought Ellen may be able to help her because she is from the U.S. Ellen was very moved by her co-worker’s desire to return to teaching. Suddenly an idea popped into her head. Her cousin, Marian, runs a family child care center in her home and has many Latino families who want to bring their children there. Since Marian is increasing the number of children at the center she will need more staff, especially someone who speaks Spanish and English. Ellen called Marian on her cell phone and arranged for her to meet Luz.
2 They met at Happy Folks Family Child Care Center, where Marian takes care of 12 children from toddlers to ages 3 ½ at the center. She interviewed Luz to find out her qualifications. Marian was not sure if Luz’s qualifications from Nicaragua would be valid in the U.S. but she could definitely hire her as an assistant teacher. For Luz to be part of the senior staff she would have to meet some requirements such as: a number of hours of approved training, some college credits, supervised work experience at a preschool or registered family child care center. This may take a year.
3 Luz spent a day volunteering at Happy Folks to demonstrate her ability to work with children. After Marian had seen her work with the children, she asked Luz how much she was making as a cashier. Marian decided to pay Luz the same amount to work as an assistant teacher. Luz was very excited because she realized that this work experience at Happy Folks, along with the required classes she planned to take, will make it possible for her to become a senior staff member. She was on her way to getting back into teaching with the realistic hopes of eventually becoming a teacher in the U.S. Maybe she will study early childhood education or elementary school education in college.
Vocabulary
co-worker – someone who works with you
longs – to feel a strong desire for something
moved – to be touched deeply with feelings
suddenly – all at once
popped – entered quickly
increasing - getting larger
arrange – make plans
folks – people
toddler – young child, usually learning to walk
senior staff – worker of a higher rank
registered – qualified formally or officially by an institution
demonstrate – show
approved - O.K.’ed
excited – energized, anticipating a happy feeling
requirement – something that is necessary to reach a goal, position
eventually – at some later time
family child care centers are usually in people’s homes
child care centers may be state run or private and are more like schools
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Discussion:
1. Why did Luz have tears in her eyes when she talked to Ellen?
2. What was Ellen’s idea and what did she do about it?
3. Who did Luz meet with and what did she find out?
4. What requirements did Luz have to meet to be a senior staff member?
5. Why was Luz excited?
ACTIVITY:
Objective: Become familiar with early childhood education certificate options, both credit and non-credit
Materials: catalogs and schedules for local community colleges
Vocabulary:
Non-credit; Credit; Child Care Certification; A.A. Degree; B.A. in Education
1. Discuss vocabulary and the differences: credit and non-credit classes; certification and a degree; A.A. Degree and B.A. degree.
2. Review: Child Care Certification. Discuss the importance of:
child growth and development, curriculum development, health, safety and nutrition, professionalism, community and special needs, requirements.
ASSIGNMENT:
1. Write a paper about a time when someone helped you reach an important life goal.
2. Make a list of the skills you think a person needs to be a child care provider or teacher. Think about the skills your favorite teacher had.
Student Writing
Motivate Yourself by Julio Amador
One of my teachers in high school used to tell me: “Do what you want to do. Never give up even when you think you won’t make it, just do it.” He was really young to be a teacher but he was inspiring to me. At this point in my life I have put into practice what he told me and it has worked. I’ve been reaching my goals and for those that I haven’t completed, I know I will reach them soon. Everything starts with “Motivate Yourself.”
Teaching Me Many Important Things by Ernesto Cedeno
In my early childhood my family was small: my father, my mother, my older brother and me. At that time, we were living on a small farm that my father had outside of the town named Tumero, in Venezuela. My grandmother and my aunt Andrea were living with us, so my brother and I always received a lot of doses of love and advice about how we could live to reach happiness. “Respect others and nature,” said my father; “Help everyone that needs you without special interest and take care of yourself and everything that you can,” said my mom; “Love your life and others and help your father in all that you can,” said my grandma. However, my aunt took her time teaching us many, many important things to be better. Every day I had close contact with nature, ran free through the fields and now, many years later, I can appreciate all those gifts that I received and I have learned.
My Mother by Leticia Guzman
One person who played an important role in my life is my mother. I remember when I was in school she helped me with advice and money to finish high school. Without her I couldn’t make it because she bought all that I needed. She worked hard to give me the most important things. I remember the hard days. Sometimes I wanted to give up but she told me: “Education will be your heritage.” But I decided to come to the U.S. when I finished high school to get better opportunities and support my family because they are getting old. When I talked with her she said: “You can do it.” Here, life is different. I have more responsibility but I keep my dream and I think that it is never too late.
ACTIVITY:
Objective: Introduce some key areas of childhood development: social/personal, language, cognitive, physical and to see how you might apply what you read to real life situations.
MSDE/Audiences/TeachersPrincipals/Overview
In groups, answer 1 or 2 questions based on the child development reading.
• What are some routines/rituals you could do before putting your child to bed or before saying goodbye when you leave them at school?
• How do you avoid a struggle in the morning when your children want or don’t want to wear what you tell them to wear to school?
• What’s a good way to get your child interested in reading?
• What can you do at the grocery store to help your child with math?
• What do you do if you don’t know the answer to your child’s questions?
• What’s a good way to get your child interested in health?
ACTIVITY: Guidelines, Healthy Child Development & Care:
MSDE/Audiences/TeachersPrincipals/Overview
1. Review the guidelines for child development for older children.
2. Take an example, for instance using mathematical thinking to solve problems. Talk about what the preschooler does and what the caregiver can do to reinforce this skill. Role-play a situation and provide the caregiver’s response. Discuss the response, talk about cultural differences, and other possible responses.
3. In pairs, present situations, discuss responses, talk about cultural differences and other reactions.
ASSIGNMENT:
1. Talk to someone or research an interview with a teacher. How and why did they become a teacher? What are the best things about being a day care teacher and what are the most difficult? Write a summary:
Licensing Standards
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UNIT 6 - HOSPITALITY & FOOD SERVICE
Mitali’s Story
My name is Mitali and I am from India. I am not happy with my job as a dishwasher at the hotel. My supervisor yells at me a lot and tells me to work faster which makes the job stressful. And I don’t have health benefits which worries me as I wonder what will happen to me if I get sick. The good thing about my job is that while I am washing dishes I get to see what happens in the kitchen. I watch what the cooks do and sometimes, on my break, I help out by chopping vegetables and storing food when the orders arrive. I am learning a lot about cooking. Since I have no family here I have to cook for myself. I try out what I learn in the hotel when I am at home. It’s fun. I really think I want to be a cook in the future. Now I am looking for a job as a prep cook in a restaurant that provides health benefits. The cook I help at the hotel, offered to give me a reference for my next job. I also found out that the community college offers courses in the culinary arts. I have many dreams for the future. I could open my own restaurant, or maybe I could get a job as a chef for an international hotel and travel to many different places. They even need chefs at the White House. The possibilities are endless.
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Vocabulary
stressful – full of or causing tension, unrest, imbalance
store – verb to place or leave something (food) somewhere (refrigerator)
prep cook – a person who prepares good for the cook to use in recipes
reference – a person who is willing to speak about your skills and character to future employers
culinary - having to do with kitchen or cooking
yell – to shout or say something very loudly
chef – skilled cook or main cook
worry – to think about someone or something a lot due to feeling nervous
Discussion:
1. Why doesn’t Mitali like his job as a dishwasher?
2. What kind of job is he looking for now?
3. What kind of work does he want to do in the future? What are some possibilities Mitali has not considered?
4. What kind of courses does the community college offer?
ACTIVITY:
Read: “Choosing a Career in the Hospitality Industry” (adaptation)
In pairs answer specific questions and report back to the whole class.
1. Summarize the article and ask questions about the reading
2. Where can you find careers in the hospitality industry?
3. What is the difference between entry level, skilled-level and managerial level positions? What kind of position does Mitali have?
4. What skills do people in the field of hospitality need?
5. What type of education is needed for a career in the hospitality?
6. Research other related hospitality careers: public relations, party planners, tour escorts, or marketing or design companies.
7. What are the largest growth industries today? Construction/Real Estate; Finance/Insurance; Food/Agriculture; Health Care
Choosing a Career in the Hospitality Industry
So, it is time to decide what you will do with your life. What will you choose? Perhaps you might consider a career in the hospitality industry. What is the hospitality industry? The hospitality industry is defined as the activity of providing lodging, food and beverage, and recreational services, which include but are not limited to hotels, motels, clubs, casinos, restaurants, recreation facilities, tourism, cruise lines, and theme parks. Wow, what a variety of options! A multi-billion dollar industry, hospitality is our country’s third largest industry employing nearly 9.5 million people nationally. Your options are great, but what does this mean to you?
What career options are offered in the hospitality industry? Where do you start? What types of careers are available? These are the major questions to consider when pursuing a career in the hospitality industry. The following descriptions outline the different levels of hospitality positions you might enter into.
Entry-Level: This is where you start; the experience and skill you will gain in these positions can prepare you for advancement in your career. Typically the tasks are related to your position and are a valuable component to the success of the hospitality entry.
Skilled-Level: This is the next step where you can develop specific skills that can be transferred from one position to another (you are on your way).
Managerial-Level: This is when your experience, training and initiative are combined to create your ability to lead employees and manage business.
The following are specific career opportunities in the managerial level of the industry:
LODGING
Hotel or Sales Manager
FOOD & BEVERAGE
Restaurant, Club, Kitchen, Bar, Banquet Managers, Chef
RECREATIONAL
Meeting/Conference Planner, Tour or Travel Consultant
As you can see you have many choices, but what qualities must you possess? The hospitality industry, like many other industries, requires a certain personality.
To be successful, you must:
• like people be a hard worker
• have strong communication skills be willing to sacrifice
• maintain a professional appearance
• have “common sense” (able to think on your feet, respond to guest’ needs)
What are some additional qualities? What are examples of problem solving?
Although these qualities may seem simple, they are often put to the test due to the requests of people served by this very demanding industry. No matter where you work in the hospitality industry, you will be required to exceed expectations to make sure the experience they have at your facility is valuable, pleasant and memorable.
Once you obtain a position and work hard, what can you expect to be paid? Today wages for the hospitality industry are very competitive. Compared to those of other industries, a wide range of salaries are available. Several elements, beginning with skill and performance, will impact your income: additionally, types of property, location and position are factors that are also included.
Lastly, remember your career decision must be YOUR choice. A career in the hospitality industry can be very rewarding. The hospitality industry can be very exciting and will afford you the opportunity to travel and work with thousands of people. Each day is different from the previous day.
Adapted from: how-to-choose-a-career-in-hospitality-industry/
VOCABULARY
lodging - a place to live in, especially temporarily
option – a choice
transfer – to move from one place or situation to another
typically – normally
initiative – ability to think and act on your own, without being told
quality – a characteristic that represents the basic nature of a thing or person
personality - distinctive qualities of a person
appearance – the way someone looks
demanding – requiring much time, effort and attention
exceed – to be more than
facility – something built to service specific purposes
wages – money paid an employee
competitive – salary that competes with ( equal or more) other similar jobs
rewarding – valuable, satisfying
Choose a career in the hospitality industry and write about an experience you had, or that you could have, with a customer while on the job.
Student Writing
Greeting Customers by Santos Zelaya
Talking a lot is not for me. I remember when I started to work at the Gap.
The Gap is a clothing store, so we depend on customers and how we treat them. At the beginning I didn’t talk to the customers because I wasn’t comfortable talking to them. I only spoke if they asked me questions about sizes, colors or styles, otherwise not. Renee, my manager, saw that about me and of course she talked to me about it. I was folding clothes near the fitting rooms and she came next to me. She told me: “I’m happy with you. Actually all the managers are happy about your work.” But the problem was that I was too shy. Renee said to me, “You need to talk to the customers and greet them.” So I started little by little, greeting the customers, and now I’m so happy because she gave me great constructive criticism. Now I do a better job with the customers and I’m not scared or shy to talk with customers.
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UNIT 7 - COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY
Anh Dung’s Story
1 I am from Hanoi, Vietnam and I’m the oldest of six children. I finished secondary school but never got to college because my mother died and I had to work and take care of my brothers and sisters. I quickly learned how to listen, communicate clearly, solve problems, and work hard. All of my brothers and sisters have already finished school, married, and started families. I found a good husband but he was killed in a bus accident. After I got over the shock of becoming a widow, my luck changed and I got a very interesting job as a receptionist at an export company. They treated me well and the computer technician taught me how to use computers. I really love doing things on the computer and learned how to install software and to troubleshoot some problems. I thought another disaster had hit me when the company went bankrupt. A week after I was laid off, my sister, Kim, invited me to live with her and her family in Virginia. She has a good job and offered to pay for me to go to school to improve my English and to become a computer technician.
2 That was four years ago. I have studied hard, gotten my green card and am getting certification to become a computer technician. I realized that I had a lot of the skills needed to become a good technician because I raised a family at a young age and because of my work experiences in Hanoi. I communicate well with people and am a good listener so that I understand the problems people are having with their computers. I am a good problem solver and a patient troubleshooter. Since I understand how computers work, I am able to help my coworkers solve their computer problems. So, at age 50, I feel like I am starting a new life. My sister, Kim, says that she is giving me the life I postponed when I raised my brothers and sisters many years ago. It is never too late to learn. You just have to stay strong and have hope.
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Vocabulary
widow – a woman whose husband has died and who has not married again
export- a business of selling goods to another country
computer technician – a person skilled in operating and fixing computers
install – to put onto a computer
software – the sets of programs that tell a computer how to do a particular job
troubleshoot – to deal with serious problems, to investigate
disaster – a sudden event such as an accident, flood or storm that causes
great harm or damage
bankrupt – unable to pay debts
postpone – to change an event to a later time or date
raise – to take care of children until they are adults
ACTIVITY:
Converse, ask and answer questions about technology: teachers/conversation/cqtech.htm
Pick a question and ask another student. Discuss attitudes towards technology in our lives.
Look at Microsoft curriculum roadmap. What career path would you take? learning/education/roadmap/
ASSIGNMENT: Read this adaptation of a conversation:
“What can you tell me about the career of a computer technician?”
” I'm new to the computer or IT field and the only training I got is from a career college who paid for the A+ certification exams which was a total of $300 dollars. On the tests, I remember there being hardware, software, and basic networking questions. Networking is communicating within a group. It took 90 minutes to complete and I passed. I earned a diploma from the school in Computer Networking and my A+ certification. The training and classes were very good and easy for someone wanting a career in IT and who has a photographic memory like me. Right now, I'm trying to get a job as a computer technician with only the A+.”
“So what other certifications do you need?”
“I need MCSE certifications. When you pass one MS cert, you are automatically MCP (Microsoft Certified Professional). To be an effective computer tech, it depends on quality of the schooling you took, how experienced you are as a computer technician, how really good of a computer tech you are, and your certificates. To be a very good computer technician, you need to have good oral communication and people skills, great computer skills, be a good listener, a good problem solver, and a patient troubleshooter. There are a variety of career paths one can take after getting experience as a computer tech. Three or four years of being a computer tech can help you get a really good paying System or Network Administrator job with the MCSE. Overall, you have I.T. experience over the other 200+ new geeks (computer nerds) who have applied for that System or Network Administrator position because you got your start in the I.T. field as a computer technician.”
Read more on this link forum/job/Computer-Technician/best-computer-technician-qualifications-training-get/t6643
Develop your own list of questions about the I.T. field and share your interviews.
Research: troubleshooting, networks, systems analysts, & other computer jobs.
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Student Writing: Interviewing People Working in Computer Technology
1. – A Computer Engineer by Juan Guevara
I interviewed Paul, a computer engineer, and I found out that his role is quite varied. He must complete a multitude of tasks in his daily work environment. The following will highlight this career as well as list some of his responsibilities and duties.
Paul told me that he has an important job in the world of technology. The basic definition of a computer engineer is one who researches, plans, and develops computer operating systems. He says that he uses his knowledge in the field of computer science, math, and engineering to ensure that he carries out his daily job tasks to the best of his ability.
He said: “I have several general responsibilities that I have to do in my job. I research information about computer operating systems, review the current system, maintain it and make changes to the system.” Sometimes he develops operating systems of a certain type. Paul does a lot of work maintaining the current operating system and checking the system to make sure everything is working correctly. He has to monitor his work and fix any problems that come up connected to the operating system.
Also he has to maintain contact with a large number of individuals, customers, project managers and other company employees.
These are some highlights of his career and examples of his duties and responsibilities as a computer engineer. “It can be a lot more,” Paul said.
2. – A Computer Technician by Aleyda Castillo
I began this interview in my classroom when Fernando came to resolve some problems that I had with my computer, and I asked him how long he’d been here. He said: “I have lived in this city for 25 years and I studied English and computer in this school.” While he checked the computer we started to talk about his profession, and I asked why he studied computer systems.
He said: “Since I was a little boy I was curious and obsessed with the computer. When I became an adult I knew I would study computer technology.” I asked him why he worked at the school and he said: “I like to work here because I feel I’m with family and this was my first school in this country.” He continued, “After I finished studying here I went to college for two years. Now I work in System Administration.”
He said that his job consists of maintaining the network in perfect condition and resolving any problems the staff or students have with the computers. He considers that he troubleshoots and solves all kinds of trouble with the computer system.
I visited the place upstairs where Fernando works with the other I.T. people. This room is dark with a lot of computers, systems, cables, books, and empty boxes. From my conversation with Fernando, he says that he is glad to have worked many years at this great job.
3. – A Network Associate by Leticia Guzman
His name is Chris and he is from Virginia. He has been working for the same organization for four years. What he likes is the challenge and the fast paced action. Sometimes he has to work long hours. About the career of a computer technician, he thinks it is a job that never ends. Even when he is on vacation, he’s still working.
Five years ago he got a certificate as CCNA (Cisco Certified Network Associate.) There are many kinds of certifications. For him the most difficult work is building the computer. He really likes computers. This is one of the skills people need to be involved in for this career. Also he is a problem solver and a patient person. He has good communication with people. Because of these skills, Chris is a successful computer network associate.
4. – A Computer Teaching Assistant by Julia Ruiz
I interviewed Janneth who came from Bolivia nine years ago. Her current job is a teacher’s assistant for a computer literacy class.
Q. “Why did you come to the U.S.?”
A. “I was looking for better opportunities in my life. I was feeling like my home was too small for me. Also, I was feeling that my dreams were just dreams and never a reality.”
Q. “Why did you decide to be a computer support specialist?”
A. “…For different reasons. One reason was the challenges, because not many women were studying that career. Everything now is related to technology, I had the opportunity to start that career at school, and of course to have better income.”
Q. “Are you planning to study and get more certifications in the future?”
A. “Yes that is one of my goals.”
Q. “Did you have some experience as a computer technician?”
A. “In the beginning I did not have any experience or knowledge at all. Everything was new for me, but now, I feel more confident because of the training that I have had, the experience as an intern, and the teaching assistant job in the computer field.”
Q. “How do you feel about this new career in your life and is it different than the previous experience and knowledge that you had?”
A. “I feel like I now have more or better opportunities in my life that I gained in this new career, even though it’s not related to the previous career that I had. I believe that everything that we learn will help us to be prepared for new challenges and opportunities in our lives.”
DISCUSSION: What are the differences in the use of direct quotes and expressing indirectly, that is in the writer’s words? What did you learn about the people’s attitude towards their jobs?
Anh Dung gets her first computer job: WHAT WORKPLACE BEHAVIORS
WILL SHE DEMONSTRATE? Put an X by the desired workplace behaviors.
1. Can be trusted ___ 17. Falls asleep at work ___
2. Is always on time ___ 18. Goofs off, is lazy ___
3. Is irresponsible ___ 19. Speaks clearly ___
4. Is late for work ___ 20. Accepts assignments respectfully__
5. Takes extra time for breaks ___ 21. Follows directions ___
6. Dresses inappropriately ___ 22. Does not listen ___
7. Has good attendance ___ 23. Is courteous and polite ___
8. Is competent on the job ___ 24. Leaves early often ___
9. Refuses to help do a job ___ 25. Respects others' privacy ___
10. Is a good problem solver ___ 26. Accepts others' life styles ___
11. Takes home supplies from work ___27. Works well without supervision __
12. Asks questions when she doesn't understand ___
13. Spreads rumors about another worker ___
14. Offers to help co-workers when she finishes her work early ___
15. Always calls in when she is sick or late ___
16. Gets angry when given constructive criticism ___
ASSIGNMENT: Reflect on your experiences with constructive criticism UNIT 8 – GET A JOB: FROM START TO FINISH
ASSIGNMENT:
1. Bring in any job applications for jobs that you want to apply for now or in the future. Read “Strong and Weak Points.” Write sentences using the words. Give examples. Explain how. Describe using similar phrases.
STRONG POINTS & WEAK POINTS
Strong points are things that you do well. They can be character traits that may benefit an employer. They are your selling points. You talk about these at your job interview and include them on your resume.
Consider the following words that describe strong points:
adaptable good leader
hardworking self-confident
cooperative creative
reliable or dependable deliberate or precise
team player intelligent
quick learner organized
Weak points are important to know so that you do not take a job that you may not do well or will not like. If you work best when you have time to think
about your tasks you may not want a job that is very fast paced. While working slowly may not work in some jobs there are many jobs that value someone who is deliberate and thoughtful. Weak points on one job may be strong points on another.
Consider the following weak points:
don't work well with a lot of noise
like precise directions
not a leader
My strong & weak points
Think about yourself, your past jobs, characteristics, likes and dislikes. Make a list of your strong and weak points. Now, ask two people who know you to read your list.
Do they agree with you? Do they have anything to add?
support-files/smartgoalsettingworksheet.pdf
STRONG POINTS WEAK POINTS
__________________ ___________________
__________________ ___________________
__________________ ___________________
• Review the vocabulary for strengths & weaknesses and add to the list. This is valuable information when choosing a job and when going for the job interview (selling yourself). Complete the following Chart:
JOB LIKES & DISLIKES
|In my most recent job I like |In my most recent job I don’t like |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
|In other jobs, I liked |In other jobs, I didn’t like |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| | |
Interview questions can also include: What was your greatest success?; How would others describe your work?; How can you contribute to this job?”
ACTIVITY: Identifying skills and Knowledge
• Discuss examples of skills from work, schools or training, volunteer, home or family, or clubs.
• Work as partners interviewing each other.
• List your partner’s relevant skills and make a presentation.
ACTIVITY: My Ideal Job
• Refer to Desta, Luz, Gamba, Mitali, and Anh Dung. Look at the jobs they are seeking and how they talked about “My Ideal Job”.
• Refer to assignments and discussions of likes/dislikes and strengths/weaknesses. Write about your ideal job.
ACTIVITY: Personal Information Sheet & Resumes
• Discuss the purposes of the Personal Information Sheet and Resumes
1. Personal Information Sheet is the first step to a resume and is useful in filling out job applications. It’s a place that has important employment information if you want to apply for a job on the spot.
2. The Resume describes more of your skills and gives more specific
information about what you did on the job.
3. These sheets of paper are often the first impression an employer has of you. They are the first thing that “sells” you for the job.
• Complete the resume worksheet, and/or any job application you have
• Review “Questions Often Asked During an Employment Interview”
Write answers or be able to answer questions verbally in class.
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RESUME WORKSHEET
Name_________________________
Address_______________________
City, State, Zip_________________
Phone________________________
Email_________________________
Job Objective:_______________________________________________
Skills and Experience:
• ________________________________________________________
• ________________________________________________________
• ________________________________________________________
• ________________________________________________________
• ________________________________________________________
Employment:
• (dates, (most recent first) title, organization, email/ phone, job responsibilities)
•
•
•
Education:
• (name of school, location, course of study, dates)
•
•
* References (3) on separate page, include name, title, phone or email *
• Discuss the importance of the job interview:
1. It’s a way for the employer to find out if you are right for the job;
2. It’s a way for you to find out if you’ll like the job and think you can do it.
3. It’s a way to learn about the company;
• Talk about personal job interview experiences.
ACTIVITY: – Read, discuss, and critique experiences at a job interview.
Do you agree with Mitali’s answers? (check underlined words.)
Mitali Goes on a Job Interview
Five years have passed since Mitali got a job as a dishwasher. He has taken courses in the culinary arts at a community college and has worked as a prep cook for two years. Mitali eats at a small restaurant in his neighborhood every Sunday. Recently he found out that the cook is leaving. He decided to apply for the job. The owner of the restaurant, Ben, gives him an interview. They greet each other and sit down to talk. Let’s listen in!
Ben: Tell me about yourself, Mitali.
Mitali: I came to the U.S. 5 years ago from India. I have been working in
the hospitality industry since I arrived. I have completed courses
in the Culinary Arts program at the community college. On my
current job at Riverview Retirement Community I have worked as
a prep cook for the last 2 years. My supervisor often lets me
take her place as a cook when she is not able to come to work.
I now have the experience and knowledge to become a cook.
Ben: Why do you want to work here?
Mitali: I really like this restaurant. I eat here every Sunday because the food is so delicious. Since I know the menu here I am sure I would be able to do a good job and even expand the menu.
Ben: What are your strengths?
Mitali: I am hardworking. I learn quickly. I get along well with co-workers and customers. I am honest and reliable. I am also flexible. I can stay late or come to work early when you need me. I will run an organized, safe and clean kitchen. I like to work as part of a team.
Ben: What is your greatest weakness?
Mitali: I am a quiet person but I have found that being quiet often
makes other people in the kitchen calm when things get busy.
Ben: What are your career goals?
Mitali: I want to continue studying and eventually open my own restaurant.
Ben: Do you have any questions for me?
Mitali: How many hours a week will I work?
Ben: You will work 40 hours a week. We pay for overtime.
Mitali: How many people will I supervise?
Ben: You will supervise the 5 people who are on the kitchen staff.
Can you cook a meal for me tomorrow so that I can see if you will fit in at my
restaurant?
Mitali: I would be happy to.
Vocabulary
neighborhood – a small area of town, or the people who live there
greet – to say hello to someone or welcome him or her
current – happening now
expand – to become larger in size or amount
strengths – strong points or qualities, something you are good at
honest – someone who does not lie, cheat or steal
reliable – someone who can be trusted and depended on
flexible – able to change easily
weakness – something that you need to improve
calm – relaxed, not upset
After critiquing the answers that Mitali gave in the job interview, see if you have other suggestions. Now practice interviewing each other.
ACTIVITY: Work in pairs.
Decide on a job in one of the fields we have covered in class. Role-play an interview that includes:
• the initial greeting
• some of the questions from the assignments
• at least one difficult question
• something that one should NOT do (to see if others can identify).
Present the role plays and give feedback, both positive and negative.
How to Find a Job: [pic]
Help Wanted Ads
Responding to Job Ads
Internet Resources
1. There are 4 main ways to look for jobs
• answering ads – including internet
• networking: family, friends, co-workers,
supervisor, neighbors, doctors, teachers, clergy
• applying to employment agencies
• using target letters or direct contact.
2. Read Help Wanted Ads and go over abbreviations.
3. Go to an internet job site and identify keywords that will help you.
4. Networking means getting the word out that you are looking for a job. Two-thirds of job openings in the U.S. are never advertised. Employers hire people they know, people who are recommended (like Mitali), or people who ask for a job at the right time (like Luz).
5. Start a list of people who could be part of their job hunting network using the form from the text.
6. Role-play a simple networking situation.
interv3.shtml
UNIT 9 – Prepare for Tests & the Final
ACTIVITIES:
Write about your study habits: “What works for me/What doesn’t work.”
Read about test taking tips:
state.tn.us/education/assessment/doc/tsteststrategies.pdf
Take some sample tests from this or other websites and practice:
student/testing/accuplacer/accuplacer-tips.html
ASSIGNMENT:
Find a person in the community who has taken a test for college, or a certification exam for a career program. Ask them questions about the test and about successful strategies that they used.
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TEST TAKING TIPS
After studying materials to be covered on the test, get a good nights sleep and arrive early. It's important to be relaxed and confident as you take the test. The following steps will improve your results on the test.
STEP 1: Read the directions carefully before you start.
STEP 2: Skim through the whole test (or section).
Find out what parts of the test are easiest for you.
Determine what parts of the test are more difficult.
STEP 3: Budget your time
Make sure you know how much time you have for the test.
Allow more time for the more difficult questions but
Start with the easier questions.
STEP 4: Read each question carefully.
STEP 5: Don't rush to finish early.
STEP 6: Review answers to questions you were not sure about when you have finished the test – if there is time remaining.
For multiple choice questions:
Read the questions and choices carefully.
After reading the question think about your answer and then see if it is one of the choices.
If you don't find the answer figure out which choices are not correct.
If you can't decide among the choices left, circle the question and come back to it later.
If you don't know the answer – guess.
For the written part of the test:
Read the topic sentence carefully.
Organize your thoughts before you write – For example for the topic “What are the characteristics of a good parent?” Make a list of the characteristics you will write about such as: loving, kind, generous, wise.
Decide whether to write in general or specifically about your parents.
Use the list as a guide, or an outline that works for you.
End by repeating the main characteristics, for the concluding sentence.
Exam on Units 1-8
A. Choose the correct vocabulary word to complete the sentences.
install, pollution, salary, chef, counselor, excited, nutritious,
co-worker, interview, electricians, impressed, hospitality
1. Desta learned to cook _________ food for her patients.
2. Luz was __________ when she got the job as assistant teacher.
3. Green jobs help us fight __________.
4. Mitali thinks about being a _________ at the White House.
5. Gamba went to a career ___________ for help in planning his
education.
6. Mitali works in the _______________ industry which deals
with lodging, food and recreational activities.
7. Marian was ___________ with Luz when she volunteered at a
child care center.
8. She got the same __________ she made when she was a cashier.
9. Gamba and his father worked as _______________ in Cameroon.
10. To increase energy efficiency Gamba learned how to _________
solar panels.
11. Luz’s _______________ introduced her to Marian, who worked at a child care center.
12. It is a good idea to prepare before a job _____________.
B. Use the correct form of the verb (past, present, future or present progressive) in the following sentences. Sometimes more than one form can be used.
For example: Yesterday I ate too much pizza.
eat
1. Every day the teacher _____________ at her students.
yell
2. I ________ because I do not have enough money for rent.
worry
3. Next weekend I _______________ my friends to a party.
invite
4. Yesterday I _____________ a job as a carpenter.
accept
5. Right now the workers _____________ solar panels.
install
6. Every Friday he _____________ for a job online.
apply
7. He is sure that he ______________ his skills at college next year.
upgrade
8. Last year they ______________ on their jobs.
advance
C. Use the correct preposition, in, on, at in the following
sentences.
For example: The first people who lived in America were called
American Indians.
1. She likes to listen to music _________ the radio.
2. How much sugar do you put _______ your coffee?
3. We’ll be back _______ 9:30 pm.
4. The coat was ______ sale ________ a good price.
5. They are going to church _______ Sunday.
6. I read about it _______ an article _______ the internet.
7. We were sitting _____ a table with our friends.
8. Desta works ________ a hospital near me.
Bonus Questions:
Put the correct form of the verb in the following sentences:
For example: We often read library books.
read
1. She _______ the boxes on the table.
put
2. He _______ to school on the bus every day.
go
3. It _______ like it is going to snow.
look
4. They ______ lots of money in tips.
get
5. She ________ to teach the students in her English class.
like
Activity (post-test); On index cards, answer the following question: What have you learned in class that will help you achieve your goals or dreams?
Other post-tests used: ESL Accuplacer, College Board, Michigan , ACT Compass– check local community college
modules/sentencecorrectiont.htm
UNIT 10 – RESEARCH PROJECT
ASSIGNMENT:
Choose a topic that is of interest to you because you want to find out more information about it. This is your final research project. This project should be something that will help you further your career and education goals. It will help you narrow your choices, eliminate those that won’t work for you, and possibly open new doors of opportunity.
Gamba, for example, will research apprenticeships available for green jobs. He will find out the answers to questions about qualifications and availability.
Mitali will investigate how to start a small business and getting loans. He will find out about small business administration loans, how to develop a business plan, and consider the pros and cons.
Luz will explore the viability of a cooperative in our community. She will get information about licensing, credentials, insurance, budgeting, and management.
Anh Dung will research admissions and financial aid at a university. She will talk to a student advisor, go to an orientation session, and compile information.
Desta may look into the various organizations that employ nursing assistants (GNA and CNA). She wants to investigate the potential for growth each of the places offers. She is also considering a project to define the necessary requirements for LPN and RN, and places where she can go for those degrees.
Now, choose YOUR project and present it in a power point, speech, paper or whatever way you prefer. Share with the other students so that we can all learn.
Remember the career exploration website from Unit 2? This may be helpful:
acinet/explore/View.aspx
RESOURCES
acinet/explore/View.aspx
issues/2009/04/green_jobs_questions.html/q1
interv3.shtml
student/testing/accuplacer/accuplacer-tips.html
teachers/conversation/cqtech.htm
images
forum/job/Computer-Technician/best-computer-technician-qualifications-training
ESLguide.php (ESL Virtual Library of Lesson Plans)
lib.purdue.edu/vetmed/inst/svmleader/talk101.html
MSDE/Audiences/TeachersPrincipals/Overview
learning/education/roadmap/
changeagent (September 2009 issue pages 50 and 51)
state.tn.us/education/assessment/doc/tsteststrategies.pdf
how-to-choose-a-career-in-hospitality-industry/
modules/sentencecorrectiont.htm
editorial/MP/hospitality.htm
webserv.02.parent/firstaid_safe/home/firstaid_kit.html
documents/SystemsAnalystGuide.pdf
wvup.edu/academics/learning_center/sq4r_reading_method.htm
Core Curriculum, Introductory Craft Skills, Trainee Guide, 3rd ed. Pearson, Prentice Hall,
Special thanks to: Carlos Rosario International Public Charter School:
Adult ESL ; Workforce Programs; students and staff; especially the student writers; Washington, D.C.
Prince George’s Community College, Workforce Development & Continuing Education,
University Town Center, Hyattsville, MD.
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