Standard Precautions
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Donna Gallagher, PhD, ANP-C,MS, FAAN
PI, NEAETC
recent emerging diseases
Lancet
Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases
? AIDS ? Avian Influenza ? Ebola ? Marburg ? Cholera ? Rift Valley Fever ? Typhoid ? Lassa Fever
? Tuberculosis ? Leptospirosis ? Malaria ? Japanese
encephalitis ? Chikungunya ? Dengue ? Antimicrobia
l resistance ? MERS
Factors contributing to emergence
AGENT
? Evolution of pathogenic infectious agents (microbial adaptation & change)
? ex: influenza
? Development of resistance to drugs
? ex: MRSA, KPC
? Resistance of vectors to pesticides
? ex: malaria
Factors contributing to emergence
HOST
? Human demographic change (inhabiting new areas)
? Human behaviour (sexual & drug use)
? Human susceptibility to infection (Immunosuppression)
? Poverty & social inequality
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