Biology First Semester Final Exam



Biology First Semester Final Exam

Study Guide

(Reference: Biology Textbook by Prentice Hall)

A. Mitosis and Meiosis - (Chapters10 & 11.4)

1. What is crossing-over? Illustrate on the right side of this paper. page 276; Figure 11

2. What are the 4 stages of mitosis? Study diagram on pp 246-247.

|Four Stages of Mitosis | What happen during this stage? |Illustration/Diagram |

|(In sequence) | | |

| | | | |

| | | | |

| | | | |

| | | | |

3. Answer sample questions # 2-7 on p.257

2. _____ 3. _____ 4._____ 5. _____ 6. _____ 7._____

4. What are the stages of meiosis? (See pp 276-277). You may use this space to diagram the stages of meiosis.

___________________________________________________________________________

5 Identify the following: chromatids, tetrads, gametes, metaphase I, metaphase II, anaphase II on

your illustration above (#4).

6. Compare and contrast mitosis and meiosis by using the table below:

| |Mitosis |Meiosis |

|Chromosome # | | |

|# of daughter cells | | |

|Occur in what kind of cells | | |

| | | |

7. What is the difference between chromatid and centromere? Illustrate (p.244; Figure 10-3)

8. What are the events of the cell cycle? p 246; Figure 10.4

What happen during M phase? S phase?

Use the space on the right to show the pie chart of the cell cycle.

B. RESPIRATION (Chapter 9)

9. What are the reactants and products in the equation for cellular respiration? (p288)

a. reactants _________________________________________________

b. products _________________________________________________

10. What is the correct equation for cellular respiration? Can you do a balanced equation?

___________________________________________________________

11. Complete the table below to compare and contrast cellular respiration and photosynthesis.

Use the words as follows. Some may be used more than once. (p.232)

Carbon dioxide, energy release, energy capture, mitochondria, chloroplast, water. glucose,

Oxygen

| |Photosynthesis |Cellular Respiration |

|Function | | |

|Location in the cell | | |

|Reactants | | |

|Products | | |

|Occurs in what type of cells? | | |

12. What are the 3 stages of cellular respiration?

| |What it breaks down / or activity | Page #/ Figure |

|Glycolysis | |p 223; Figure 9.3 |

|Krebs cycle | |p. 227; Figure 9-6 |

|Electron transport | | |

13. Interpreting Graphics on p. 229; Figure 9-8 (

a. How many molecules of ATP are produced in the entire breakdown of glucose? _____

b. How many molecules of ATP are produced during glycolysis? ____

Photosynthesis (Chapter 8)

14. What is ATP?

15. What are the components of ATP?

16. What is the difference between ATP and ADP?

17. What are the reactants and products in the equation for photosynthesis?

a. reactants _________________________________________________

b. products _________________________________________________

18. What is the correct equation for photosynthesis?

___________________________________________________________

19. Answer Standardized Test prep on page 219; questions #1-10

1. ___ 2. ___ 3. ___ 4. ___ 5. ___

6. ___ 7. ___ 8. ___ 9. ___ 10. ___

CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION (Chapter 7)

20. What three statements describe the cell theory? p 170

a. ______________________________________________________

b. ______________________________________________________

c. ______________________________________________________

21. What is the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes? Give two examples of each.

a. prokaryotes _______________________________________________

b. eukaryotes________________________________________________

22. What are the functions of the following cell parts (organelles)?

a. chloroplast ___________________________________________

b. mitochondria _________________________________________

c. endoplasmic reticulum__________________________________

d. cell membrane ________________________________________

e. ribosomes ___________________________________________

23. What happens during diffusion? p 185

____________________________________________________________________

24. Describe how water moves during osmosis. p 189

25. What is the difference between facilitated diffusion and active transport.? Which of the two require energy?

Facilitated diffusion ___________________________________________________________

Active transport ______________________________________________________________

26. What is the difference between hypotonic solution and hypertonic solution? p187;

Figure 7-18

Hypotonic solution:__________________________________________________________

Hypertonic solution __________________________________________________________

27. What are the four levels of organization in multicellular organisms? (correct sequence)

a. ______________ b. ____________ c. ____________________ d. ______________

28. Which is the solute and solvent in a solution?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

CHEMISTRY OF LIFE (Chapter 2)

29. Describe the parts of an atom. (p 35). Draw a diagram below.

a. ____________ (positively charged)

b. ____________ (negatively charged)

c. neutron ( _______________ )

30. Carbon Compounds found in Living Things. Fill in the table below:

|Organic Compounds |Function |Example |Monomers (or building blocks) |

| | |glucose | |

|lipids | | | |

| | | |Amino acids |

| |Store and communicate genetic information | | |

31. Why is water molecule polar? (pp 40-41; Figures 2-6 and 2-7)

32. Compare acidic and basic solutions in terms of their H+ ion and OH- ion concentration.

(p 43; Figure 2-10)

Acidic solutions _____________________________________________________

Basic solutions ______________________________________________________

33. Draw a pH scale below and label the concentration of acids & bases and the neutral.

________________________________________________________________________

The Science of Biology: (Chapter 1)

34. How do scientists test hypotheses? p.9; Figure 1-8

35. What is a controlled experiment? p.9; Figure 1-8. Give an example of an experiment with a controlled group.

36. Metric System: Most scientists use the metric system when they collect data and performing experiments. Because the metric system is based on multiples of 10, it is easy to use.

Complete the table below. (p. 24)

|Unit of Measurement |What it measures |Conversion: |

|meter | |20 m = ______ cm = ________ km |

| |Volume of water |5 g = ______ mg = ________ kg |

|gram | |1000 ml = ______ L = ________ cm3 |

|Degree Celsius | | |

DO NOT FORGET TO BRING 2 SHARPENED #2 PENCILS. GOOOD LUCK!!!

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