Meiosis Review Worksheet
Name:_______________________________
Cell division and cancer review
1. What type of cell undergoes meiosis? Gamete cells or Somatic cells
2. Define homologous chromosomes. 2 chromosomes with similar structure
3. For each of the following state if the cell is haploid or diploid.
Sperm cell =haploid Liver cell =diploid Egg cell =haploid Stomach cell =diploid
4. If the diploid number in a liver cell of an organism is 52, how many chromosomes are there in the egg of this organism? 26
5. During meiosis, the chromosome number:
a) is doubled b) is reduced c) remains the same d) becomes diploid
6. Cells starting mitosis & meiosis begin with a (haploid or diploid) set of chromosomes.
diploid
7. How many times do cells divide during meiosis?
twice
8. Draw a tetrad and show crossing over. During what process and in which phase do you first see this in?
During prophase of meiosis
[pic]
9. How many cells form at the end of meiosis and how many chromosomes do they each contain?
4 with 23 chromosomes
10. A sperm cell is a (gamete or zygote), and is (haploid or diploid).
11. Which of the following best describe the term “crossing over”?
a. An exchange of information between two homologous chromosomes
b. A molecular interaction between two sister chromatids
c. A molecular interaction between two non-sister chromatids
d. A separation of two sister chromatids
12. Which letter in Figure 1 represents meiosis? Why?
D, one diploid cell becomes 4 haploid
13. Which letter in Figure 1 represents mitosis? Why?
A, one diploid cell becomes 2 diploid
14. Which letter in Figure 1 represents fertilization? Why?
B, two haploid cells become one diploid
16. What is the ultimate goal/purpose of mitosis?
Growth, repair, replace damaged cells
17. What is the difference between a chromosome, sister chromatids, and homologous chromosomes? You may draw a picture as your answer.
Chromosome-form of DNA when it divides
Sister chromatids- 2 identical chromosomes attached at a centromere
Homologous Chromosomes- 2 chromosomes with the same structure
18. How are DNA and chromosomes related?
Chromosomes are made of DNA
19. What is the difference between a haploid, diploid, and zygote?
Haploid cells have one set of chromosomes, diploid has 2 sets of chromosomes and a zygote is formed when an egg and sperm cell combine
20. Give 3 examples how meiosis differ from mitosis.
1. Meiosis occurs in gametes not somatic cells
2. Meiosis forms 4 haploid cells, not 2 diploid cells
3. Meiosis has 2 divisions not one division
21. If the sperm cell of an organism contains 14 chromosomes, how many chromosomes are in a somatic cell of this organism?
28
22. The two major divisions of the cell cycle are:
Interphase and mitosis
23. Draw the cell cycle and label the parts:
[pic]
24. Describe what happens in each part of interphase:
G1- cell growth
S-DNA replication
G2- cell prepares for mitosis, spindle fibers form
Label the following terms on the diagram below: interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, sister chromatids, centrioles, nucleolus, spindle fibers, chromatin, cleavage furrow, nuclear membrane, cell membrane, chromosome
See class notes or text book
[pic]
25. Cancer is _uncontrolled cell growth___________________________________.
26. Cancer is caused by____cell regulators not functioning properly___________________.
27. Define benign
A tumor that does not spread
28. Define malignant
A tumor that develops and spreads
29. Define metastasis
When a tumor spreads to another part of the body.
30. What are cyclins and what do they do?
Cyclins are proteins which control the rate of the cell cycle
31. Name 3 types of non-disjunction and describe them.
Trisomy 21
Klinfelters
Turner’s Syndrome
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Figure 1
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