Central Dogma - University of Arizona

Central Dogma

DNA is the genetic material within the nucleus.

The process of replication creates new copies of DNA.

The process of transcription creates an RNA using DNA information.

The process of translation creates a protein using RNA information.

Copyright ? 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Replication DNA

Transcription RNA

Nucleus Translation

Protein

Cytoplasm

Transcription

? DNA is used as a template for creation of RNA using

? the enzyme RNA polymerase.

DNA

5' GT CA TT CGG

3'

3'

C AG TAAGCC

5'

Copyright ? 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Transcription

? RNA polymerase reads the nucleotides on the

? template strand from 3' to 5' and creates an RNA

? Molecule in a 5' to 3' direction that looks like the codingGsTtrCanAdT. T C G G

C AG TAAGCC

Copyright ? 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Transcription

? The new RNA molecule is formed by incorporating

? nucleotides that are complementary to the template strand.

DNA coding strand

DNA

5' GT CA TT CGG

3' 3'

GUCAUUCG G

3'

C AG TAAGCC

5'

DNA template strand 5'

Copyright ? 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

RNA

Two types of nucleic acids

?RNA ?Usually single-stranded

?DNA ?Usually double-stranded

?Has uracil as a base

?Has thymine as a base

?Ribose as the sugar

?Deoxyribose as the sugar

?Carries protein-encoding information

?Carries RNA-encoding information

?Can be catalytic

?Not catalytic

Copyright ? 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

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