SENIOR LAB REPORT
SENIOR LAB REPORT FORMAT – follow this format for all formal labs
|Name |Date |
|Partner’s Name |Course |
Lab Title
(title should explain what the lab is…)
Purpose/Question:
o State the reason for doing the experiment and specifically what you are hoping to discover. A lab may have more than one purpose
o The purpose of this experiment is
To determine....... To discover.....
To investigate..... To observe ........
Procedure:
o Briefly describe all important procedure steps.
You must identify all chemicals and quantities, and all actions.
o Keep it short! (10 lines or fewer, if possible)
o Write in full sentences, in the past tense & passive voice
Ex: “50.0 mL of HCl were added to the mixture.”
o May include diagrams, if this is helpful
Result/Analysis:
Every lab should have qualitative observations.
Some labs also have measured data and graphs. Include these sections as appropriate.
Observations
o Describe what was observed
- includes a description of each chemical before, during and after the reaction
Data Tables
o A table always has borders and grid lines
o You must clearly label what you’re recording
Ex: Mass of beaker with sodium carbonate: 45.06 + 0.02g
o Pay careful attention to your scale! Give all values to the appropriate number of sig. figs. (i.e. one estimated digit) You will need these for further calculations
o If you calculate anything in this section, show your work
Ex: Mass of solid = full beaker – empty beaker = 45.06g – 35.22g = 9.84g
Graphs
o Must be on graph paper
o Label both axes, including units. Give your graph a title.
o Choose a scale that takes up as much of the page as possible, while maintaining logical (easy-to-read) divisions
Calculations
o Never include a number in your lab report without showing where it came from.
o Label what you’re calculating, and show your work (see ex. Above)
o If you have to do the same calculation multiple times, you may show ONE sample calculation and then list all of the results.
o If you’re doing new math, you’ll have to do another sample calculation.
o Additions and subtractions: calculate the new +/- uncertainty
Any math beyond this: keep track of significant figures.
Discussion & Conclusion:
Include the following, but also pay attention to any specific instructions from your teacher.
The items below should be blended into a paragraph, since they relate to each other.
CLAIM: Answer the purpose in a concise manner
EVIDENCE: Which data did you use to make your decision?
How does this data support your claim?
I have already seen your data. Please do not repeat it all in this section.
REASONING:
Make statements that link your claim to the relevant theory.
WHY did it work the way it did? Answer any teacher-provided questions here.
If appropriate, compare your experimental value to accepted one
(ex: The boiling point of ethanol to be 76OC. The accepted value is 78.4OC.)
SOURCES OF ERROR:
o Explain sources of error – what makes your numbers less than perfect?
▪ Human error and equipment error SHOULD NOT be listed unless something very unusual happened during the experiment.
o Reflect on your procedure. What would you change or improve for next time?
Notes to students:
o A lab report is a finished product, NOT a draft!
Use a ruler for lines, and write in ink or type….
o Formatting categories should be prominent… ex: underlined, all caps, or bolded
o You are encouraged to work with your partner, but unless you are told otherwise, you should each submit your own write-up, in your own words. I will not give a grade for identical lab reports.
Learning Outcomes: Labs
I will not assess all 4 areas for each experiment.
Over the term, I will be looking for improvement in each category, and your mark will reflect your ability at the end of the course.
|Claim/Evidence/Reasoning |Observations: |
|-I can assess whether my data is valid |Qualitative observations are: |
|(and discuss sources of error/improvements) |present and detailed |
|-I can identify patterns and relationships in |not mixed with inferences |
|data, and use them to make a claim | |
|-I can decide which data counts as evidence |Quantitative observations are: |
|-I can reason (explain) why the data supports |accurate |
|my claim |clearly labelled |
|-I can link my explanations to scientific theory |reported with proper uncertainties |
|-I can critique my own argument, and other |reported with correct Sig Figs. |
|groups’ | |
|Communication: |Lab design: |
|-I can clearly display my data in a suitable |I can create a plan for a fair test. It will include: |
|format (visual, graph, chart/table, written) |A suitable testable question |
|-I show my reasoning in words or through |A materials list |
|sample calculations (in mathematical |A clear, concise, sequential procedure |
|notation) |Variables and controls |
|-I can use a traditional lab report format to |What I need to observe/measure |
|communicate my results |Safety controls |
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