THE BRITISH CHANNEL ISLANDS UNDER GERMAN OCCUPATION

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THE BRITISH CHANNEL ISLANDS UNDER GERMAN OCCUPATION

19401945

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Maurice Gould attempted to escape from Jersey with two teenage friends in a small boat in May 1942. Aged only 17, he was caught and imprisoned in Jersey, then moved to Fresne prison near Paris before being transferred to SS Special Camp Hinzert. Brutally mistreated, Maurice Gould died in the arms of his co-escapee Peter Hassall in October 1943. Initially buried in a German cemetery surrounded by SS graves, his remains were repatriated to Jersey through the efforts of the Royal British Legion in 1997, were he was

reinterred with full honours.

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THE BRITISH CHANNEL ISLANDS

UNDER GERMAN OCCUPATION 19401945

Paul Sanders

SOCIETE JERSIAISE JERSEY HERITAGE TRUST

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First published 2005 by Jersey Heritage Trust Copyright ? 2005 Paul Sanders

ISBN 0-9538858-3-6 The right of Paul Sanders to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright,

Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. With the exception of quoting brief passages for the purpose of review, no part of this publication may be recorded, reproduced or transmitted by any means, including photocopying,

without written permission from the publisher.

Printed in Great Britain by Biddles Ltd., King's Lynn

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EXPERT PANEL MEMBERS

Mr F L M Corbet MEd FRSA Sir Peter Crill KBE Mr D G Filleul OBE Mr W M Ginns MBE Mr J Mi?re Mr R W Le Sueur Jurat A Vibert

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SPONSORS

The Jersey Heritage Trust and the Soci?t? Jersiaise are most grateful to the following for providing financial support for the project. Sir Philip Bailhache Mr Michael Bell Mr Frederick Cohen Brenda, Lady Cook Sir Peter Crill KBE Jurat John de Veulle Mr Bill Dolan Advocate Richard Falle Mr David Goar HSBC Private Bank, Jersey Jersey Evening Post Mr Philip and Jurat Sally Le Brocq Advocate David Le Cornu and Mr Barry Pickersgill Mr Richard Miles Mr Michael Munz Jones Mr Leslie Norman Mr Terry McBride Mr Clive Poole Advocate Anita Regal Sir James Knott Trust States of Jersey Liberation 60 Committee Mr Mark Unwin

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Contents

Expert panel list

v

List of sponsors

vi

List of subscribers

viii

Foreword by Sir Philip Bailhache, Bailiff of Jersey

ix

Preface by Francis Corbet

xi

Acknowledgements

xiii

Introduction by Paul Sanders

xv

Chronology

xix

I Occupation Economics

1

II Collaboration? What Collaboration?

57

III Resistance, Repression and Persecution

99

IV The Culture of Survival

147

V The Visitors

173

VI The Practice of Modern Slave Labour

191

VII Epilogue: The Disposal of Occupation

231

VIII Conclusion

255

Sources

261

Bibliography

267

Index

275

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SUBSCRIBERS

The Jersey Heritage Trust and the Soci?t? Jersiaise are most grateful to the following for supporting the Subscribers' Edition.

Jurat Geoffrey Allo Mr G Amy Mr Phil and Mrs Jacky Austin Mr John Averty Sir Philip Bailhache Mr Michael Bell and Mrs Nola Bell Advocate F J Benest Mr Michael Birt Mr John Le Cras Bisson Mr Warwick J R Blench Advocate Graham Boxall Mr Greg Branch Jurat and Mrs Roy Bullen MBE C I Traders Limited Channel House Trustees Limited Mr Adrian M Chapman Mr Frederick Cohen Concrete Evidence Productions Brenda, Lady Cook Mr and Mrs Geoffrey Crill Advocate Patrick F Cubitt Sowden Mr Robert Cubitt Sowden Jurat John de Veulle Mr Bill Dolan Mr Leslie R Edwards Mr and Mrs Michael P Ethelston Mr Robert J Gallichan Jurat and Mrs D H Georgelin Mr David Goar Advocate Julian G Gollop Mr Billy Goode Ms Sue Groves and Mr Jo Mitchell Advocate Simon J Habin Mr and Mrs Warren Hobbs HSBC Private Bank, Jersey Mr Ian James Jersey Evening Post Advocate and Mrs Richard Jeune The Kelly Family Mr Colin and Mrs Joanna Keogh Mr John and Jurat Mrs L Jean King Senator Wendy Kinnard Mr David Kirch

Advocate Jacques P Labesse Deputy Carolyn Labey Advocate Christopher G P Lakeman Mr John Francis Lane Mr David Langlois Mr Philip Le Brocq Jurat Sally Le Brocq Advocate Timothy and Mrs Ruth Le

Cocq Mr Leslie and Jurat Mazel Le Ruez MBE Advocate Guy and Mrs Gemma Le Sueur Mr Kevin R Leech Advocate Raoul Lempri?re Leslie Norman & Co Mr Terry McBride Meridian Asset Management (C.I.)

Limited Moore Management The Mongoose Settlement Mr Bernard Aubin Morris Conn?table Daniel J Murphy Jurat Barbara Myles Miss C M Newcombe Mr Michael Nicolle Mr John C Norman OBE The Ozouf Family Mr Robert J Parker Mr Barry Pickersgill Mrs Susie Pinel Mr Clive Poole Mr Richard Price Jurat Arthur and Mrs Mollie Quer?e Philip, Beryl and Yvette Quer?e Advocate Anita Regal Jurat and Mrs M A Rumfitt Mr Leigh Sebba Mr Alan Stevens Mr Philip W Syvret Mr Darren Umney Jurat J H Vint Mr and Mrs John Williams Mr Owen and Mrs Elizabeth Wiscombe Mr Norman and Mrs Heather Wood

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