Dr. a. m. gonzalez | for my students…to make life a little ...
Name ____________________________________________Chapter 2Chromosomes are molecules of:a. genotypeb. deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)c. gameted. phenotype2. When a sperm and an ovum fuse, a one-celled _______________ is formed.a. zygoteb. reproductive cellc. gameted. monozygote3. Differentiation occurs when:a. the sperm and ovum meetb. the combined material from both gametes mesh togetherc. the zygote reaches the 4-cell staged. cells begin to specialize, taking different forms and reproducing at different rates4. Some men are color-blind because they inherit a particular recessive gene from their mother. That recessive gene is carried on the:X chromosomeXX chromosome pairY chromosomeX or Y chromosome5. The proper order for human growth before birth is:a. embryonic period, germinal period, zygotic periodb. embryonic period, germinal period, fetal periodc. germinal period, embryonic period, fetal periodd. fetal period, germinal period, embryonic period6. The age of viability refers to:a. the age when the fetus can survive outside the womb with medical help b. the moment when fusion occurs and the zygote is formedc. the age when the embryo becomes a fetusd. the age of a full-term infant7. The most critical period of vulnerability to teratogens occurs during:a. the germinal periodb. the embryonic periodc. the fetal periodd. the entire pregnancy8. The most prevalent cause for small gestational age (SGA) is:a. marijuanab. tobaccoc. heroin d. alcohol9. The Apgar scale measures which of the following?a. heart rateb. eye colorc. irritabilityd. capillary refill10. King Henry VIII of England had his wife beheaded because she failed to produce any male heirs to the throne. Which of the following is true?a. King Henry was too old to have male offspringb. King Henry just wanted a younger wifec. It was King Henry’s “fault” that he had no sons, because only a male can contribute the Y chromosome containing the male development genes.d. Only females can contribute the Y chromosome containing the male development genes.11. Which of the following is a good reason for a couple to receive genetic counseling before they plan a pregnancy?a. they have a history of high fertilityb. they have diverse ethnic backgroundsc. the woman is under 30d. they have relatives with serious genetic disorders12. John’s mother has blue eyes, and his father has brown eyes. John’s phenotype eye color is brown. Therefore the genotype of his eye-color genes is:a. blue and brownb. brown and brownc. blue and greend. it is not possible to tell13. You know that your friend is 3 months pregnant, and you notice that she is drinking wine. What is the potential outcome of her continued drinking during her pregnancy?a. may cause premature laborb. normal use poses no threatc. fetal alcohol effects (FAE)d. can harm teeth14. Less than two weeks after conception the pregnancy test is positive. Why should you wait to share the news with friends and family?a. 70 percent of all natural conceptions fail to implantb. the test could be a false positivec. 40 percent of all natural conceptions fail to implantd. 20 percent of all embryos spontaneously abort15. Because the entire embryonic state is a critical period:a. pregnant women should do their best to “live clean” and avoid teratogens during this stageb. pregnant women should wait until this period is completed before seeing a physicianc. this stage should be eliminated from prenatal developmentd. pregnant women should seek advice from their friendsChapter 3 1. Lisa had a normal weight at birth but then went through a period of malnourishment. Thankfully, this did not impact her brain. This is an example of:stunting. wasting. head-sparing. abuse.2. Nerve cells of the central nervous system that are found mostly in the brain are called:neurons. axons. dendrites. Myelin3._________ occurs when the brain notices and interprets a sensation.Sensation Confusion Selection PerceptionA formula-fed baby is likely to ________ than a breast-fed baby.get more iron have more protection against diseases visit the doctor less have more allergies5. Assimilation first occurs in Piaget’s ____ stage of sensorimotor development.first second third fifth6. Which of the following has led to the questioning of Piaget’s ideas on infant intellectual development?Baillargeon’s experiments on object permanence habituation studies fMRI research all of the above7. Madilyn pulled the chair to the counter in order to reach the cookie jar. This “little scientist” behavior is most likely to occur in Piaget’s: stage 3. stage 4. stage 5. stage 6.Several days after witnessing her sister open a kitchen cupboard, 1-year-old Madilyn tries it herself, thus demonstrating the concept of:modeling. graspability. deferred imitation. launching event.9. The language interaction between a baby and a caring adult is sometimes called:child-directed speech.babbling.fatherese.baby talk.10. What can you do to minimize your infant’s risk of dying from SIDS? A. Lay your infant on her back to sleep.Dress your infant in an extra layer of clothing.Bottle-feed your infant. Use a pillow to prop up her head.When you stroke your newborn baby’s cheek, he turns his head toward your hand and opens his mouth. Which survival reflex is he demonstrating?Babinskisuckingrootingbreathing12. You can expect that a 9-pound newborn who develops along normal lines will be _____ pounds at four months and _____ pounds at one year of age.14; 2118; 3218; 2716; 3213. An infant’s first vocal communication is: A. cooing.B. babbling.C. crying.D. first words14. Henry is 16 months old. He points at the refrigerator and says, “Juice?” What form of speech is he using?overgeneralizationundergeneralizationholophrasenaming explosionYou believe that children are prewired to learn any language. Whose language theory influenced your thinking?Skinner’sChomsky’sSocial Pragmatics’Emergentist Coalition’sChapter 4 1. Satisfying a child’s basic needs with care, consistency, and continuity reflects:Erikson’s first stage. Erikson’s second stage. the social learning theory. Freud’s first stage. 2. The effect that genotype has on personality is most likely to be found in the:learning theory. psychoanalytic theory. epigenetic theory. cognitive theory3. A child who seeks contact when distressed would be considered:A. secure. insecure avoidant. insecure resistant. insecure disorganized.4. Separation anxiety is good because it:demonstrates that an infant is beginning to express emotions. indicates the presence of attachment.forces independence. demonstrates a working model.5. Research suggests that when it comes to social referencing, ________ tend to be more encouraging and ________ tend to be more cautious.fathers; mothersmothers; fatherswhite parents; black parentssisters; brothers6. Alice appears to be embarrassed when her mom tells her “Sing for grandma!” Alice hides behind her mother’s legs and peeks out. How old do you think Alice is?6 months9 months12 months18 months7. Sally takes her 20-month-old son to the park. After playing for five minutes he runs back to mom, touches her, and then runs off again. The son’s behavior would be called: synchrony. proximity-seeking. contact-maintaining. insecure attachment.8. Infant and toddler day care is potentially detrimental to development when:caregivers are well-trained professionals.the environment is clean and safe.there is a low caregiver-to-infant ratio.language communication is kept to a minimum. ................
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