Chapter 14 Liquids and Solids
[Pages:45]Chapter 14 Liquids and Solids
Section 14.1
Water and Its Phase Changes
Reviewing What We Know
? Gases Low density Highly compressible Fill container
? Solids High density Slightly compressible Rigid (keeps its shape)
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Section 14.1
Water and Its Phase Changes
Heating/Cooling Curve
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Section 14.1
Water and Its Phase Changes
Heating/Cooling Curve
? Normal boiling point: at 1 atm = 100?C ? Normal freezing point: at 1 atm = 0?C ? Density
Liquid water = 1.00 g/mL Ice = 0.917 g/mL
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Section 14.1
Water and Its Phase Changes
Concept Check
During the process of melting ice by adding heat, the temperature of the ice/liquid water slurry
a) stays constant. b) increases. c) decreases. d) cannot be predicted.
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Section 14.2
Energy Requirements for the Changes of State
? Changes of state are physical changes. No chemical bonds are broken.
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Section 14.2
Energy Requirements for the Changes of State
Phase Changes
? When a substance changes from solid to liquid to gas, the molecules remain intact.
? The changes in state are due to changes in the forces among molecules rather than in those within the molecules.
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Section 14.2
Energy Requirements for the Changes of State
Phase Changes
? Solid to Liquid As energy is added, the motions of the molecules increase, and they eventually achieve the greater movement and disorder characteristic of a liquid.
? Liquid to Gas As more energy is added, the gaseous state is eventually reached, with the individual molecules far apart and interacting relatively little.
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