Citizenship Education in Europe - European Commission

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Citizenship Education in Europe

This document is published by the Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA P9 Eurydice).

ISBN 978-92-9201-264-9 doi:10.2797/83012 This document is also available on the Internet: Text completed in May 2012. ? Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency, 2012. The contents of this publication may be reproduced in part, except for commercial purposes, provided the extract is preceded by a reference to 'Eurydice network', followed by the date of publication of the document. Requests for permission to reproduce the entire document must be made to EACEA P9 Eurydice.

Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency P9 Eurydice Avenue du Bourget 1 (BOU2) B-1140 Brussels Tel. +32 2 299 50 58 Fax +32 2 292 19 71 E-mail: eacea-eurydice@ec.europa.eu Website:

FOREWORD 3

Citizenship Education in Europe

4

CONTENTS

Foreword

3

General Introduction

7

Executive Summary

13

Chapter 1: The Citizenship Education Curriculum:

Approaches, Taught Time and Content

17

1.1. Approaches to citizenship education

18

1.2. Recommended taught time

24

1.3. Content

27

Summary

38

Chapter 2: Student and Parent Participation in School Governance

39

2.1. Official regulations and recommendations to encourage student participation in school

governance

39

2.2. Participation of students in school governance:

data from the 2009 International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS)

50

2.3. Parent participation in democratic school governance

51

Summary

57

Chapter 3: School Culture and Student Participation in Society

59

3.1. A participatory school culture for successful citizenship education

59

3.2. Measures to encourage student participation in the local community and wider society

61

3.3. Student opportunities to participate in civic-related community activities

according to 2009 ICCS data

67

Summary

70

Chapter 4: Assessment, Evaluation and Monitoring

71

4.1. Student assessment

71

4.2. School evaluation

76

4.3. Monitoring education systems

82

Summary

86

Chapter 5: Preparation and Support for Teachers and School Heads

87

5.1. Teacher education and support

87

5.2. Responsibilities, training and support measures for school heads

93

Summary

96

Conclusions

97

5

Citizenship Education in Europe

References

103

Glossary

105

Table of Figures

107

Annexes

109

Acknowledgements

137

6

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