Chapter Reinforcement and Study Guide Principles of Ecology Section 2.1 ...
Name
Date
Class
Chapter
2 Principles of Ecology
Reinforcement and Study Guide
Section 2.1 Organisms and Their Environment
In your textbook, read about what ecology is and about aspects of ecological study. Use each of the terms below just once to complete the passage.
ecology humans
biotic factors organisms
nonliving soil
environments biosphere
atmosphere abiotic factors
Living organisms in our world are connected to other (1) _________o_r_g_a_n__is_m__s_________ in a
variety of ways. The branch of biology called (2) __________e_c_o_l_o_g__y__________ is the scientific study of
interactions among organisms and their (3) _______e_n_v_i_r_o_n__m__e_n_t_s_______ , including relationships
between living and (4) _________n_o__n_l_iv_i_n_g__________ things.
All living things on Earth can be found in the (5) _________b_i_o_s_p_h__e_r_e_________ , the portion of Earth that supports life. It extends from high in the (6) ________a_t_m__o_s_p_h__e_r_e________ to the bottom
of the oceans. Many different environments can be found in the biosphere. All living organisms found in an environment are called (7) _______b__io__t_ic__f_a_c_t_o_r_s_______ . Nonliving parts of an environment are called (8) ______a_b__io__t_ic__f_a_c_t_o_r_s______ . For example, whales, trees, and (9) ________h__u_m__a_n_s________ are biotic factors. Ocean currents, temperature, and (10) ___________s_o__il___________ are abiotic factors.
Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
In your textbook, read about levels of organization in ecology.
For each item in Column A, write the letter of the matching item in Column B.
Column A ______d______ 11. A group of organisms of one species that
interbreed and live in the same place at the same time
______a______ 12. A collection of interacting populations
______e______ 13. Interactions among the populations and abiotic factors in a community
______b______ 14. Occurs between organisms when resources are scarce
Column B a. community b. competition c. forest d. population e. ecosystem
______c______ 15. A terrestrial ecosystem
REINFORCEMENT AND STUDY GUIDE
CHAPTER 2 BIOLOGY: The Dynamics of Life 7
Name
Date
Class
Chapter
2 Principles of Ecology, continued
In your textbook, read about organisms in ecosystems.
Reinforcement and Study Guide
Section 2.1 Organisms and Their Environment, continued
For each statement below, write true or false. ____f_a_ls_e________ 16. A habitat is the role a species plays in a community.
____t_r_u_e________ 17. Habitats may change.
____f_a_ls_e________ 18. A niche is the place where an organism lives its life.
____f_a_ls_e________ 19. A habitat can include only one niche.
____t_r_u_e________ 20. A species' niche includes how the species meets its needs for food and shelter.
____t_r_u_e________ 21. The centipedes and worms that live under a certain log occupy the same habitat but have different niches.
____f_a_ls_e________ 22. It is an advantage for two species to share the same niche.
____t_r_u_e________ 23. Competition between two species is reduced when the species have different niches.
Complete the table below by writing the kind of relationship described on the left.
Description of Relationship
Relationships Among Organisms Kind of Relationship
24. Organisms of different species live together in a close, permanent relationship.
symbiosis
25. One species benefits and the other species is neither benefited nor harmed by the relationship.
commensalism
26. One species benefits from the relationship at the expense of the other species.
parasitism
27. Both species benefit from the relationship.
mutualism
Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
8 CHAPTER 2 BIOLOGY: The Dynamics of Life
REINFORCEMENT AND STUDY GUIDE
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