Reading Essentials and Study Guide - Student Edition
Reading Essentials and Study Guide
Student Workbook
To the Student
The Civics Today: Citizenship, Economics, and You Reading Essentials and Study Guide is designed to help you use recognized reading strategies to improve your reading-for-information skills. For each section of the student textbook, you are alerted to key terms, asked to draw from prior knowledge, organize your thoughts with a graphic organizer, and then follow a process to read and understand the text. The Reading Essentials and Study Guide was prepared to help you get more from your textbook by reading with a purpose.
Copyright ? by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Permission is granted to reproduce the material contained herein on the condition that such material be reproduced only for classroom use; be provided to students, teachers, and families without charge; and be used solely in conjunction with Civics Today: Citizenship, Economics, and You. Any other reproduction, for use or sale, is prohibited without written permission from the publisher. Send all inquiries to: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 8787 Orion Place Columbus, OH 43240 ISBN 0-07-860532-6 Printed in the United States of America 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 047 09 08 07 06 05 04 03
Contents
Chapter 1
Section 1: Government of the People, by the People, for the People ...................1 Section 2: The Path to Citizenship ...................................................................6 Section 3: The Diversity of Americans..............................................................9
Chapter 2
Section 1: Our English Heritage ....................................................................13 Section 2: The Birth of a Democratic Nation ...................................................17 Section 3: The Nation's First Governments .....................................................21
Chapter 3
Section 1: The Road to the Constitution .........................................................25 Section 2: Creating and Ratifying the Constitution...........................................28 Section 3: The Structure of the Constitution ...................................................32 Section 4: Principles Underlying the Constitution ............................................36
Chapter 4
Section 1: The First Amendment ...................................................................41 Section 2: Other Guarantees in the Bill of Rights ............................................44 Section 3: Extending the Bill of Rights ...........................................................48 Section 4: The Civil Rights Struggle ...............................................................51
Chapter 5
Section 1: The Duties and Responsibilities of Citizenship .................................54 Section 2: Volunteering in Your Community ...................................................58
Chapter 6
Section 1: How Congress Is Organized ...........................................................62 Section 2: The Powers of Congress................................................................67 Section 3: Representing the People ...............................................................71 Section 4: How a Bill Becomes a Law ............................................................75
Chapter 7
Section 1: The President and Vice President ...................................................79 Section 2: The President's Job ......................................................................83 Section 3: Making Foreign Policy ..................................................................86 Section 4: Presidential Advisers and Executive Agencies ..................................89
iii
Chapter 8
Section 1: The Federal Court System..............................................................94 Section 2: How Federal Courts Are Organized ................................................97 Section 3: The United States Supreme Court.................................................101 Section 4: Deciding Cases at the Supreme Court ...........................................105
Chapter 9
Section 1: Development of American Political Parties ....................................109 Section 2: Organization of American Political Parties ....................................114 Section 3: Role of Political Parties Today .....................................................117
Chapter 10
Section 1: Who Can Vote? ..........................................................................121 Section 2: Election Campaigns ....................................................................125 Section 3: Paying for Election Campaigns.....................................................128
Chapter 11
Section 1: Public Opinion ...........................................................................132 Section 2: The Mass Media.........................................................................136 Section 3: Interest Groups ..........................................................................140
Chapter 12
Section 1: The Federal System ....................................................................145 Section 2: The State Legislative Branch ........................................................149 Section 3: The State Executive Branch..........................................................153 Section 4: The State Judicial Branch ............................................................156
Chapter 13
Section 1: City Government ........................................................................159 Section 2: County Governments ..................................................................164 Section 3: Towns, Townships, and Villages ...................................................167
Chapter 14
Section 1: How a Community Handles Issues................................................170 Section 2: Education and Social Issues .........................................................173 Section 3: Environmental Issues..................................................................178
Chapter 15
Section 1: The Sources of Our Laws.............................................................182 Section 2: Types of Laws ............................................................................185 Section 3: The American Legal System .........................................................188
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Chapter 16
Section 1: Civil Cases.................................................................................193 Section 2: Criminal Cases ...........................................................................197 Section 3: Young People and the Courts.......................................................202
Chapter 17
Section 1: Civic Participation ......................................................................206 Section 2: Challenges for Democracy ...........................................................209 Section 3: Regulating the Internet ...............................................................212
Chapter 18
Section 1: The Fundamental Economic Problem ............................................216 Section 2: Making Economic Decisions.........................................................219 Section 3: Being an Economically Smart Citizen ............................................223
Chapter 19
Section 1: Economic Resources ...................................................................226 Section 2: Economic Activity and Productivity...............................................229 Section 3: Capitalism and Free Enterprise ....................................................232 Section 4: The Economy and You ................................................................236
Chapter 20
Section 1: What Is Demand?.......................................................................240 Section 2: Factors Affecting Demand............................................................243
Chapter 21
Section 1: What Is Supply? .........................................................................247 Section 2: Factors Affecting Supply..............................................................250 Section 3: Markets and Prices.....................................................................253
Chapter 22
Section 1: Types of Businesses....................................................................256 Section 2: Labor Unions .............................................................................261 Section 3: Businesses in Our Economy.........................................................265
Chapter 23
Section 1: The Role of Government .............................................................268 Section 2: Measuring the Economy..............................................................272 Section 3: Government, the Economy, and You .............................................277
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