High School Quizbowl Packet Archive

 PRISON BOWL XQuestions head edited by Luke Tierney, vice head edited by Chloe Levine, and section edited by Luke Tierney, Chloe Levine, Mr. Christopher Chilton, Gilad Avrahami, Sam Brochin, Abishrant Panday, Joshua Kwan, and Daniel Ma. Questions written by Hunter College High School (Luke Tierney, Chloe Levine, Mr. Christopher Chilton, Gilad Avrahami, Sam Brochin, Abishrant Panday, Daniel Ma, David Godovich, Brian Lu, Rachel Yang, Alice Lin, Brian Huang, Jeremy Kim, Cerulean Ozarow, Philip Belin, Pedro Juan Orduz, Ben Chapman, Ada-Marie Gutierrez, and Asher Jaffe).Round 09Tossups1. At the site of tissue damage, these cells release cytokines that cause endothelial cells to express selectins. CCL2 recruits the precursors to these cells during a process called diapedesis. Two forms of these cells are differentiated based on their ability to metabolize arginine into ornithine and nitric acid. Formed from (*) monocytes, types of these cells specific to the kidney are called mesangial cells while those specific to the liver are known as Kupffer cells. During immune response, these cells present antigens to T cells through their MHC class II receptors. For 10 points, name these immune cells that digests cellular debris and foreign substances through phagocytosis. ANSWER: macrophages [prompt on white blood cell or leukocyte] <AP>2. The surgeon William Beatty authored an account of the single most famous event of this battle. This battle’s losing commander was probably murdered on the orders of his sovereign several months after it. That man was Pierre-Charles Villeneuve (“vee-yuh-NEUV”). Villeneuve was captured along with his flagship the (*) Bucentaure here. As a result, Villeneuve was present at this battle’s victor’s public funeral at St. Paul’s Cathedral. Before this battle, the winning commander famously signaled, “England expects that every man will do his duty” from the HMS Victory. For 10 points, name this 1805 battle at which Horatio Nelson soundly defeated a Franco-Spanish fleet off the coast of Spain. ANSWER: Battle of Trafalgar <LT> 3. This person shut down construction of Hinkley Point C nuclear station. This politician was criticised for appointing officials such as David Davis upon taking their highest office. After failing to win 1992 and 1994 elections to Parliament, this politician was finally elected to the (*) Commons in 1997, becoming an MP for Maidenhead despite the national Labour landslide. This person popularized the term “nasty party” to refer to the Conservative Party. This leader was criticized for banning khat and running advertisements telling undocumented migrants to “go home or face arrest” during her six years as Home Secretary. For 10 points, name this current Prime Minister of the UK who succeeded David Cameron. ANSWER: Theresa Mary May4. This modern nation’s city of Bargal is home to the palace of Osman Mahamuud, a ruler of this country’s Majeerteen Sultanate. The widespread use of Khat by citizens in this nation helped to inform the timing of a famous military operation in this country. The ICU controlled the southern part of this country until a series of 2007 military reversals led to the ICU’s disintegration into smaller militant groups such as (*) Al-Shabab. This country was the site of a raid targeting Mohammed Farah Aidid during which Delta Force lost two helicopters. Those events in this country inspired the film Black Hawk Down. For 10 points, name this anarchic country with a capital at Mogadishu.ANSWER: Federal Republic of Somalia <LT> 5. This figure’s novels included She Came to Stay and The Mandarins, but this author is better known for works of philosophy like The Ethics of Ambiguity. She discussed the importance of freedom from reproductive slavery in a volume of one work called “Facts and Myths,” and in that same work she adapted Hegel’s (*) Master-Slave dialectic into that of the Subject and the Other, the latter of which defines one half of all humanity. The sentence “One is not born, but rather, becomes, a woman” appears in, for 10 points, what French author and philosopher’s treatise The Second Sex?ANSWER: Simone (Lucie Ernestine Marie Bertrand) de Beauvoir (“bo-VWAR”) <CC>6. Delta baryons turn into nucleons and pions due to this phenomenon. The residual form of this phenomenon is described by the Yukawa interaction, and a theory of this phenomenon involves a non-Abelian gauge theory based on the SU(3) symmetry group. The eight independent (*) carriers of this force are explained by Quantum Chromodynamics. This force involves a color charge and is responsible for the interactions between quarks through the exchange of gluons. This force is merged with electromagnetic interactions and the weak force in a Grand Unified Theory. For 10 points, name this fundamental force that holds neutrons and protons together in a nucleus. ANSWER: strong nuclear force <AP>7. When this character is offered chocolates, she responds, “How do I know what might be in them?” A ring which once belonged to this character is hurled into a fireplace. After another character tells her to leave a note about him wanting tea instead of coffee for Mrs. Pearce, this character throws her (*) slippers at him. In Act One of the play in which she appears, this character worries a man is a police officer and takes a taxi secured by Freddy Eynsford-Hill. That scene takes place in Covent Garden and features Colonel Pickering, who bets against Higgins’ ability to pass this character for a duchess. For 10 points, name this heavily accented flower girl created by George Bernard Shaw in Pygmalion.ANSWER: Eliza Doolittle [accept either; do not accept or prompt on “My Fair Lady” or “Pygmalion”] <CL>8. Mount Nyiragongo (“nye-i-ra-GONG-o”) in this region erupted in 2002, devastating the city of Goma. That volcano lies in the Virunga mountains, which lies in the Albertine portion of this region. One definition of this region has it ending at Beqaa Valley in Lebanon, but the more conventional definition has that boundary at the (*) Afar Triple Junction. “Nubian” and “Somali” refer to the land to the two sides of this region. The African Great Lakes lie in this region, including Lake Malawi and Lake Victoria. For 10 points, name this geologic region, named for where the African Plate splits into two smaller plates.ANSWER: Great Rift Valley [accept African Great Lakes before “Beqaa”] <DM>9. The second movement of one of these pieces consists only of two chords in a Phrygian half cadence. A polacca and two trios are played in the last section in the first of these pieces, the only one with four movements. The last of these pieces is scored for two viola da gamba but no violins, and the second of these pieces contains a virtuosic part only playable for a (*) trumpet pitched in high F. The first movement of the fifth work in this collection includes a solo cadenza for harpsichord. For 10 points, name these orchestral works named after the state ruled by Margrave Christian Ludwig, a series of six concerti grossi composed by Johann Sebastian Bach.ANSWER: Brandenburg Concerti(-os) [accept Six Concerts à plusieurs instruments] <DM>10. One character in this story tells the tale of a man with a blue beard named Doffue Martling. Another character in this story passes a tulip tree in which Major André is rumored to live. In this story, Brom Bones may pose as a (*) Hessian soldier hurt in “some nameless battle,” and this story was originally published in The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon. The protagonist of this story, a schoolmaster, hopes to marry Katrina van Tassel, but vanishes from town after encountering a headless horseman. For 10 points, identify this short story about Ichabod Crane, a work of Washington Irving.ANSWER: “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” [do not accept or prompt on partial or on “The Headless Horseman”] <CL>11. Dvyanuka (“div-ya-NOO-ka”) and tryanuka (“tri-ya-NOO-ka”) were proposed by one philosopher as combinations of these entities. That philosopher, who called these entities “anu,” was Kanada. Crookes tubes can be used to find parts of these entities that were previously called “corpuscles.” Following the development of (*) quantum theory, the main model of this entity involved shells with discrete energy levels. Using cathode rays in a famous experiment, J. J. Thomson compared these entities to plum puddings. For 10 points, name these units of matter usually consisting of neutrons, protons, and electrons.ANSWER: atoms [accept anu before mention] <DM>12. In this novel, Mr. Wrench loses a job as a family doctor after failing to recognize typhoid fever, and a frog-eyed man named Mr. Rigg appears at Featherstone’s funeral. Fred marries Mary Garth in this novel, which also features the marriage of Lydgate and Rosamund. In one episode in this novel, John Raffles reveals the truth of (*) Bulstrode’s past. One character in this novel works on the project The Key to All Mythologies but writes a will that strips his widow of her inheritance if she marries Will Ladislaw. That character is Casaubon. For 10 points, identify this novel about Dorothea Brooke’s life in the title town, a work of George Eliot.ANSWER: Middlemarch: A Study of Provincial Life [prompt on subtitle] <CL>13. In this artwork, a man with a goatee leans over an image of the artist himself, who holds onto a railing in front of a doorway. A man in a yellow scarf is among several men in the background of this work who appear to be sleeping. The artist of this work painted a similar scene fourteen years later in which the title figure, David (*) Agnew, instead wears a white coat. Below a note-taking clerk in this painting, a woman hides her face in distress, and four men perform the central action next to a man holding a scalpel. For 10 points, name this painting of a surgery overseen by the title doctor, an 1875 work by Thomas Eakins.ANSWER: The Gross Clinic [or The Clinic of Dr. Gross] <GA>14. Angaraland was one of the main continents of this era. One theory about an event in this period suggests that frozen methane hydrate deposits melted following the initial eruption of the Siberian Traps. The largest (*) insects to exist on Earth ever lived in this period, the end of which marked the extinction of the trilobites. Seed ferns and early conifers first developed midway through this period, which followed the Carboniferous. This period was the last of the Paleozoic Age and was the first in which Pangaea existed. A mass extinction named for this time led to perhaps 90 percent of living species dying. For 10 points, name this period that preceded the Triassic.ANSWER: Permian Period <DM>15. A ship involved in a landing prior to this political event, the Brill, bore the slogan “For Liberty and for Religion” on its quartered standard, which was the motto of the ultimate victor in this event’s ancestor during a lengthy revolt. Gaspar Fagel published many letters in support of this event, mainly criticizing the (*) religious tolerance of this event’s target. This event targeted a ruler who had been forced to put down Monmouth’s Rebellion near the start of his reign. An attempt to reverse this event was defeated in Ireland at the Battle of the Boyne. For 10 points, name this 1688 event which led to the replacement of James II by William III and Mary II.ANSWER: Glorious Revolution [accept Revolution of 1688 until mentioned; prompt on descriptive answers such as overthrow of James II] <LT> 16. In traditional depictions of the “vinegar tasters”, the founder of this philosophy is depicted as having a happy expression, symbolizing this movement’s generally positive view of life. Ziran, or (*) naturalness, is a concept associated with this belief system. Another related central concept of this philosophy, wu wei, is often defined as “action without action.” The purported founder of this movement is often called the “Old Master”, and this non-Confucian movement often clashed with legalism. For 10 points, name this Chinese religious and/or philosophical tradition that was founded by Laozi, the author of the Daodejing. ANSWER: Taoism [accept Daoism before Daodejing, prompt after] <LT> 17. Richard Lovat Somers narrates one book set in this country and written by D. H. Lawrence. The Man Who Loved Children is by an author from this country, Christina Stead. One novel set in this country focuses on transporting a glass church, while another is about a German explorer named (*) Voss. In addition to being the home of Banjo Paterson and the setting of Oscar and Lucinda, this country inspired the bush ballad “Waltzing Matilda.” An author from this country wrote about a German saving 1,200 Jews from concentration camps. The home of Patrick White, Peter Carey, and Thomas Keneally, for 10 points, identify this country where outback literature is set.ANSWER: Commonwealth of Australia <CL>18. After raping Caenis (“KYE-nis”), this god offered her any wish, and she requested to become a man. Zeus punished this deity and Apollo by sending them to Troy to serve King Laomedon, who tricked them into building walls around the city for no payment. This god turned the (*) Phaeacians’ (“fee-AE-shuns”) ship to stone after they helped a Greek hero return to Ithaca; that hero was Odysseus. When Demeter asked him to show her the most beautiful animal the world had ever seen, this god created the first horse, and this deity could create earthquakes with the trident he wielded. For 10 points, name this Greek god of the ocean.ANSWER: Poseidon [accept Neptune until “Zeus,” do not prompt or accept afterwards]<RY>19. During this presidential election year, Tennessee became the first state of the former Confederate States of America to vote for a Republican candidate since the failure of Reconstruction. This election year also featured the national political debut of Franklin Delano Roosevelt as the vice-presidential running-mate of the ultimate loser, Democrat (*) James M. Cox. As the 19th amendment was ratified several months before the election, this year was the first to feature female voters in every state. For 10 points, name this election year in which Republican Warren G. Harding scored a decisive victory, the first post-World War I US presidential election. ANSWER: United States Presidential Election of 1920 <LT> 20. A theory that this film is a loose adaptation of Ambrose Bierce’s “An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge” is supported by the title of Samuel Taylor’s first draft of its screenplay. The poster and opening titles of this film feature a spiral motif, which is supposed to emphasize the film’s “psychological vortex.” This film uses the dolly zoom to simulate its title (*) condition, often in staircases. Kim Novak plays both Madeleine and Judy in this film, alongside James Stewart as retired detective Scottie Ferguson. For 10 points, name this Alfred Hitchcock thriller, about a San Francisco detective who suffers from dizziness and fear of heights.ANSWER: Vertigo <SB>TB. One of this man’s best generals was killed at the beginning of the Battle of Salzbach in 1675, which was part of a war that ended at the Treaty of Nijmegen. This monarch employed the Vicomte de Turenne as one of his field marshals. This husband of the Spanish Maria Theresa attempted to expand his domains in a war that ended at the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1668. That was the (*) War of the Devolution. Early in his reign, this king faced the Fronde Rebellion. This ruler’s reign was dominated by Cardinal Mazarin until Mazarin’s 1661 death, and this king notably constructed Versailles. For 10 points, name this French Bourbon king who was the Sun King. ANSWER: Louis XIV [accept the Sun King until mentioned or Louis the Great or Louis le Grande or le Roi-Soleil until mentioned; prompt on just Louis] <LT> Bonuses1. A bare-chested man on the bottom left of this painting adopts a pose from The Thinker. For 10 points each:[10] Name this painting set on the Plains of Abraham in which Thomas Hinde supports the title injured man, who wears a red coat.ANSWER: The Death of General Wolfe[10] The Death of General Wolfe was painted by Benjamin West, whose portrait was done by this artist. This American artist also created several notable depictions of George Washington, including The Athenaeum.ANSWER: Gilbert Stuart[10] Stuart also painted this portrait of William Grant, whose pose was determined “on account of the excessive coldness of the weather.”ANSWER: The Skater <GA>2. Standard states are important reference points in chemistry. For 10 points each:[10] The standard state of a gas is chosen at this pressure, regardless of temperature. This quantity is equal to 105 (“ten to the fifth”) Pascals and was introduced by Norwegian meteorologist Vilhelm Bjerknes (“byerk-nes”).ANSWER: 1 bar [do not accept “1 atmosphere”][10] When working with solids, the standard state is taken to be the most stable allotrope. Name the standard state for carbon, a layered planar solid made of layers arranged in a honeycomb lattice that is often used in pencils. ANSWER: graphite[10] This thermodynamic principle arises from the conservation of energy and states that enthalpy is a state function. ANSWER: Hess’s law <AP>3. School integration was a very controversial process in the United States that many elected officials opposed. For 10 points each:[10] Name this long-time Alabama governor who orchestrated his “stand in the schoolhouse door” to protest wildly unpopular desegregation at his state’s flagship university. He ran for president in 1968 with Curtis LeMay. ANSWER: George Corley Wallace Jr.[10] This Virginia senator promised “massive resistance” in the face of Brown v. Board of Ed. His namesake organization dominated Virginia politics for much of the early to mid-20th century.ANSWER: Harry Flood Byrd Sr. [10] The Little Rock Nine necessitated that President Eisenhower deploy army forces to federalize this state’s national guard despite the objections of Governor Orval Faubus.ANSWER: Arkansas <LT>4. This character is frustrated by his inability to locate Cassy and Emmeline. For 10 points each:[10] Identify this character who enters the novel in which he appears after St. Clare is stabbed outside a tavern. An “-ism” named for this American character has come to signify extreme cruelty and he may be an allegory for Pontius Pilate. ANSWER: Simon Legree [accept either][10] Simon Legree is one slaveowner of the title character in this abolitionist novel, which also features Eliza and Harry’s escape to Canada across a partially frozen river.ANSWER: Uncle Tom’s Cabin; or, Life Among the Lowly [prompt on partial or on Life Among the Lowly; do not accept on prompt on “The Key to Uncle Tom’s Cabin”][10] Uncle Tom’s Cabin is a work of this American author of Dred, A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp and The Minister’s Wooing.ANSWER: Harriet Beecher Stowe <CL>5. Answer some questions about Western opera music inspired by India. For 10 points each:[10] Name this composer of the one-act opera Savitri, which takes the story of Satyavan and the title character from the Mahābhārata. He may be more famous for the work “Mars, the Bringer of War” from his The Planets suite.ANSWER: Gustav (Theodore) Holst[10] Constance DeJong wrote a libretto for this man’s opera Satyagraha, which revolves around Mahatma Gandhi’s life and includes acts subtitled “Tolstoy” and “King.”ANSWER: Philip (Morris) Glass[10] In this Léo Delibes opera, the Brahmin priest Nilakantha stabs the British officer Gérald after his daughter sings the coloratura “Bell Song.” The title character of this opera and her servant Mallika also sing the “Flower Duet.”ANSWER: Lakmé <GA>6. Twenty medals of honor were awarded at this event, and it is still designated as a battle by the United States Military. For 10 points each:[10] Name this 1890 military incident in which members of the 7th cavalry killed between 150 and 300 Lakota Indians. A 1970 book by Dee Brown states a desire to Bury My Heart at this event’s location.ANSWER: Battle of Wounded Knee Massacre [accept Wounded Knee Massacre or really anything mentioning Wounded Knee][10] This man was the United States Army Colonel and commander of the 7th cavalry at Wounded Knee. He served during both the Civil and Indian Wars, ultimately attaining the rank of Major General.ANSWER: James William Forsyth (“FOR-scythe”)[10] The Battle of Wounded Knee occurred in this US state. It has its capital at Pierre and is the home of Mount Rushmore.ANSWER: South Dakota <LT>7. Flowers seem? to have a certain obsession with sprouting from dead people in Greek mythology. Name some things about the dead people for 10 points each:[10] This man was killed by Apollo in a contest of love. Zephyrus, in an act of jealousy, caused a discus thrown by Apollo to blow off course and strike this man, whose blood produced his namesake flower.ANSWER: Hyacinth [accept Hyacinthus] [10] Adonis, whose blood was mixed with nectar by his lover Aphrodite to make the flower anemone, was killed by this boar, named after a son of Apollo who had spied on Aphrodite bathing. This boar was later captured by Heracles for his fourth labor, in some accounts.ANSWER: Erymanthian Boar[10] This nymph, who was cursed by Hera to repeat the last thing anyone had said, mourned the death of Narcissus after he jumped into a lake and turned into his namesake flower.ANSWER: Echo <RY>8. This man performs a nuptial dance at the Fancy Dress Ball. For 10 points each:[10] Name this man who goes through an “Entrance Not for Everybody” and stabs Hermine in the Magic Theatre. Throughout the novel in which he appears, this man is torn between his spiritual and animalistic sides.ANSWER: Harry Haller [accept either; prompt on but otherwise do not reveal the Steppenwolf][10] Harry Haller’s Records (For Madmen Only) makes up the main text of this 1927 novel. Besides Hermine, other characters in this novel include Maria and the saxophonist Pablo.ANSWER: Der Steppenwolf[10] Steppenwolf is a work by this author of The Glass Bead Game and Siddhartha.ANSWER: Herman Hesse <CL>9. This field of study takes its name from a Greek word literally meaning “what is spoken.” For 10 points each:[10] Name this discipline that seeks to systematically study arguments and their structure. Its Boolean variety is often used in mathematics and computing.ANSWER: logic[10] This German man is often considered to be one of the founders of modern mathematical logic. His 1884 work, The Foundations of Arithmetic, laid out his theory of numbers and helped to inspire Bertrand Russell.ANSWER: Friedrich Ludwig Gottlob Frege [10] Frege is also considered the father of this school of philosophy that is often contrasted with continental philosophy. This contemporarily dominant approach is often associated with precise argumentation and heavy use of mathematics.ANSWER: analytic philosophy [accept analytical philosophy] <LT> 10. This device was invented in 1929 for use as a particle accelerator. For 10 points each:[10] Identify this type of electrostatic generator often used in classrooms. This device uses a rubber belt and metal combs to create a potential difference of up to five megavolts on a hollow metal sphere.ANSWER: Van de Graaff generator [accept Van de Graaff accelerator][10] Van de Graaff generators work by creating ionized air, often considered to be the same as this “fourth state of matter.” This state of matter can be formed by heating a gas.ANSWER: plasma[10] The potential difference a Van de Graaff generator can produce is limited because after a point, it loses charge via arcing and this other method, which occurs when charge is lost to a fluid such as air.ANSWER: corona discharge [prompt on partial; prompt on electrical discharge] <CL>11. This ruler played the flute. For 10 points each:[10] Name this famed Prussian king, the “first servant of state,” who defeated an Austrian army twice the size of his own forces at the Battle of Leuthen.ANSWER: Frederick the Great [accept Frederick II; prompt on Frederick][10] As ruler of Brandenburg, Frederick held this position, which gave him the right to help choose the Holy Roman Emperor. ANSWER: Elector of Brandenburg[10] One notable enemy of Frederick the Great was this only female Austrian ruler, who fought both the War of the Austrian Succession to defend her right to the throne and the Seven Year’s War in an attempt to reconquer Silesia.ANSWER: Maria Theresa [prompt on Empress Maria] <BL>12. An evaluation of this man’s original screen test read “Can’t act. Slightly bald. Also dances.” For 10 points each:[10] Name this man, who often danced in movies with Ginger Rogers.ANSWER: Fred Astaire [accept Frederick Austerlitz][10] A song by this artist features the lyrics “Gene Kelly, Fred Astaire, Ginger Rogers, dance on air”; that song is “Vogue.” This female singer is also known for her songs “Papa Don’t Preach” and “Like a Virgin.”ANSWER: Madonna [accept Madonna Louise Veronica Ciccone][10] The chorus to this song originally went “Oo-we-oo, you look just like Ginger Rogers/Oh, oh, I move just like Fred Astaire.” The lyrics of this Weezer song were later changed to reference Mary Tyler Moore and a 1950’s musician, after which the song is titled.ANSWER: “Buddy Holly” <SB>13. Isaiah Austin was forced to take a 2 year break from basketball due to complications from this condition. For 10 points each:[10] Name this condition that causes a weakening in the body’s connective tissue. People with this condition often are tall and slim with disproportionately long limbs, flat feet, poor eyesight, and an enlarged aorta. ANSWER: Marfan’s Syndrome [accept MFS] [10] This condition is caused by the overproduction of insulin-like growth factor 1 while the growth plates are still open. People with this condition are abnormally large in size, with an enlarged jaw and forehead.ANSWER: gigantism [accept giantism][10] Gigantism is most often caused by a tumor in this gland. This gland regulates several of the other glands in the endocrine system, such as the adrenal and thyroid.ANSWER: pituitary gland <BC>14. For 10 points each, name these things about Canadian literature.[10] This Canadian author’s novel The Blind Assassin won her the 2000 Booker Prize. Offred (“of-FRED”) is a woman used strictly for reproductive purposes in the Republic of Gilead in her novel The Handmaid’s Tale.ANSWER: Margaret (Eleanor) Atwood[10] In this novel by Canadian Yann Martel, Piscine Patel survives for 277 days on a lifeboat in the Pacific Ocean with a Bengal tiger named Richard Parker. It ends with Patel recounting his possibly fictitious adventure to two officials.ANSWER: The Life of Pi[10] This Canadian author won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2013 for her short story collections. This author’s works include Hateship, Friendship, Courtship, Loveship, Marriage, as well as The View from Castle Rock and Dear Life.ANSWER: Alice Munro [accept Alice Laidlaw] <RY>15. For 10 points each, name these groups and individuals who composed music for Broadway.[10] This Swedish pop group’s hits inspired the musical Mamma Mia!, in which Sophie invites three men who might be her father to her wedding. Songs by this band include “Dancing Queen” and “Super Trouper.”ANSWER: ABBA [10] This sometime collaborator with Howard Ashman is the composer behind Little Shop of Horrors. This man may be best known for his work with Disney, including scores for The Little Mermaid, Beauty and the Beast, Aladdin, and Newsies.ANSWER: Alan (Irwin) Menken[10] This master lyricist and composer created such musicals as Kiss Me, Kate and Anything Goes. He also wrote hit songs throughout the 1920s and ‘30s, including “Begin the Beguine” and “Let’s Do It, Let’s Fall in Love.”ANSWER: Cole (Albert) Porter <CL>16. For 10 points each, name these things about literature which features everyone’s favorite insect.[10] This poem describes “Breaths . . . gathering firm.” In this poem, narrator is unable to “see to see” after noticing a “Blue -- uncertain -- stumbling Buzz.”ANSWER: “I heard a Fly buzz -- when I died” [prompt on partial][10] This book by William Golding follows a group of British boys stranded on an island who, under the leadership of Ralph, descend to primitivity and accidentally kill Simon because they confuse him with “the beast.”ANSWER: Lord of the Flies[10] This author of The Flies also wrote the story “The Wall” and a novel in which a historian named Antoine Roquentin believes outside objects and circumstances interfere with his identity, causing him to feel the title ailment.ANSWER: Jean Paul Sartre <CL>17. This country’s colonies in the Pacific included the Caroline, Mariana, and Marshall islands. For 10 points each:[10] Name this country, whose colony on New Guinea was named Kaiser Wilhelmsland after its king. It also named the Bismarck Archipelago off of New Guinea after its Iron Chancellor.ANSWER: Germany[10] At the Tripartite Convention, the islands of Savaii and Upolu in this archipelago were given to Germany. In 1997, those two islands dropped the epithet “Western” from their country’s name, sparking outrage from the rest of the archipelago.ANSWER: Samoan Islands [do not accept “American Samoa”][10] After World War I, Samoa, along with the rest of Germany’s Pacific colonies, was given Class C designation under this legal status. Other countries given this legal status after WWI included Palestine and Syria.ANSWER: League of Nations mandate [accept clear equivalents containing the two underlined parts; prompt on partial answer] <DM>18. One stellar classification system is based on this measurement. For 10 points each:[10] Name this measurement, which causes the color differences in stars. The sun’s surface has a value of 5800 Kelvin for this measurement.ANSWER: surface temperature[10] The hottest stars are given this letter in Morgan-Keenan stellar classification. The next hottest stars are denoted B, A, and F.ANSWER: O[10] The portion of the Morgan-Keenan classification that denotes temperature is named after this university, at which Annie Jump Cannon devised the classification.ANSWER: Harvard University <DM>19. This belief was formally condemned at the Council of Nicea in 325. For 10 points each:[10] Name this early Christian heretical tradition that held that Christ is distinct and subordinate to the Father. It was widely practiced by various peoples such as the VandalsANSWER: Arianism[10] Arius, the founder of Arianism, was born in this continent’s city of Alexandria. St. Augustine of Hippo was also a prominent early Christian figure from this continent. ANSWER: Africa[10] Africa was also the site of the discovery of these early Christian texts in 1945. These Coptic texts are often called the “Gnostic Gospels” because they contain many non-canon Christian gospels, most famously the Gospel of Thomas. ANSWER: Nag Hammadi Library [accept Chenoboskion Manuscripts] <LT>20. Languages that cannot be classified into one of these, such as Basque and Korean, are said to be language isolates. For 10 points each:[10] Name these groups of languages who share a common “proto”-language. Examples include Dravidian and Afro-Asiatic.ANSWER: language families[10] Romance languages and Balto-Slavic languages are subdivisions in this most widely studied language family. The“proto-”language of this family was reconstructed in the 20th century by August Schleicher.ANSWER: Indo-European language family[10] This language is thought to be the most similar to Proto-Indo-European and thus one of the oldest languages in the world. It is one of two surviving Baltic languages.ANSWER: Lithuanian <PO>TB. This artist painted the suicide jump of American socialite Dorothy Hale. For 10 points each:[10] Name this Mexican artist who also painted several self-portraits, including one in which she wears a necklace of thorns and a dead hummingbird in front of a leafy background. She painted many symbolic images in a bathtub in the work What The Water Gave Me.ANSWER: Frida Kahlo de Rivera [accept Magdalena Carmen Frida Kahlo y Calderón][10] In an artwork titled The Two Fridas, the hearts of the two images of Kahlo are connected by this thing. The Frida on the left holds a pair of scissors that has just severed this thing, causing it to leak a red liquid.ANSWER: blood vessel [accept artery or vein][10] Kahlo also painted this self-portrait following a bus accident, in which the title object takes the place of her fractured spine.ANSWER: The Broken Column <GA> ................
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