Survey on Psychosis Symptoms and Characteristics in Deaf ...



Survey on Psychosis Symptoms and Characteristics in Deaf Individuals

Dr. Bob Pollard of the URMC Deaf Wellness Center in Rochester, NY, is conducting this brief, anonymous clinician survey in order to improve the design of the Psychosis Symptom Rating Scale, now under development. This survey presents a list of 40 symptoms that might pertain to psychosis in deaf individuals and asks you (1) whether you have ever observed that symptom in a deaf individual, (2) to what degree you think that symptom indicates the presence of psychosis in a deaf individual, and (3) how frequently deaf individuals with psychosis manifest that symptom. The survey should take about 10 minutes to complete. For further information about the broader project, see: .

Return electronic copies to: Robert_Pollard@urmc.rochester.edu.

Return copies by fax to Bob’s attention at: 585-273-1117.

Return copies by mail to Bob’s attention at:

Deaf Wellness Center, 300 Crittenden Blvd., Rochester, NY 14642.

PLEASE RETURN SURVEYS BY DECEMBER 31, 2005

About You:

A. Please estimate the number of mentally ill deaf individuals (any disorder) you have worked with, in any capacity, throughout your entire career [circle or mark one of these four answers]:

0 – 50 51 – 200 201 – 500 >500

B. Please estimate the number of deaf individuals you have worked with, in any capacity, throughout your entire career, who in your opinion had psychotic symptoms or a psychotic illness. (A list of psychotic illnesses is shown in italics in the instructions paragraph below.)

0 – 10 11 – 20 21 – 50 >50

C. Please rate your combined expressive and receptive fluency in American Sign Language:

No sign ability Beginner Moderate Advanced Fluent in ASL

1 2 3 4 5

Survey Instructions: For each symptom or characteristic described on the pages that follow, please indicate whether you have observed that symptom or characteristic in any deaf individual before (not just those persons who have been under your care). Then, regardless of whether or not you’ve seen that symptom in deaf people, rate the degree [from 1 to 4] to which you would consider that symptom or characteristic indicative of (i.e., exclusive to) a psychotic disorder or the psychotic aspect of another mental disorder if you did see it (including schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, brief psychotic disorder, depression with psychotic features, bipolar disorder with psychotic features, psychotic disorder NOS). Finally, rate the frequency [from 1 to 4] with which that symptom or characteristic, in your experience, is found in deaf persons with psychosis. The symptoms are grouped into the following seven categories: (1) auditory hallucinations, (2) visual hallucinations, (3) other hallucinations, (4) delusions, (5) other ideational symptoms, (6) linguistic symptoms, and (7) behavioral symptoms.

|AUDITORY HALLUCINATIONS |

|Hallucinations of hearing voices – where the words/meaning |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to |

|are clear to the deaf individual (do not respond “yes” if |deaf person before? |to psychosis psychosis |

|the only evidence is “signing to themselves;” see items 5 |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

|and 32) |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Hallucinations of hearing voices – where the words/meaning |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to |

|are unclear to the deaf individual (do not respond “yes” if |deaf person before? |to psychosis psychosis |

|the only evidence is “signing to themselves;” see items 5 |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

|and 32) |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Hallucinations of hearing music |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to |

| |deaf person before? |to psychosis psychosis |

| |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Other auditory hallucinations |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to |

| |deaf person before? |to psychosis psychosis |

| |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|VISUAL HALLUCINATIONS |

|Hallucinations involving visual perceptions of sign language|Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|(do not include when someone is “signing to themselves” |deaf person before? |psychosis |

|unless they report they are responding to actual visual |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

|perceptions of another’s signing; see item 32) |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Hallucinations involving other visual content |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|(also see item 19) |deaf person before? |psychosis |

| |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|OTHER HALLUCINATIONS |

|Olfactory (smell) hallucinations |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

| |deaf person before? |psychosis |

| |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Gustatory (taste) hallucinations |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

| |deaf person before? |psychosis |

| |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Tactile (touch) hallucinations |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

| |deaf person before? |psychosis |

| |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|DELUSIONS |

|Paranoid or persecutory delusions |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

| |deaf person before? |psychosis |

| |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Somatic delusions (involving beliefs about one’s body – but |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|not if better explained by limited education, low IQ, or low|deaf person before? |psychosis |

|fund of information) |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Delusions of reference (beliefs that events, objects, or |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|persons have a peculiar and unusual significance – usually |deaf person before? |psychosis |

|negative or pejorative) |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Religious delusions |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

| |deaf person before? |psychosis |

| |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Grandiose delusions (beliefs that one has special worth, |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|power, identity, knowledge, or relationship with God or a |deaf person before? |psychosis |

|famous person |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

| Delusions of being controlled (belief that one’s thoughts, |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|actions or feelings are controlled by an outside person or |deaf person before? |psychosis |

|force) |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Thought insertion (belief that one’s thoughts are not their |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|own but are inserted in their mind by an outside person or |deaf person before? |psychosis |

|force) |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Thought broadcasting (belief that one’s thoughts are being |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|broadcast out loud so that others can hear or know their |deaf person before? |psychosis |

|private thoughts) |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|OTHER IDEATIONAL SYMPTOMS |

|Loose associations (ideas move from topic to topic with poor|Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|or irrelevant connections between them – but not if better |deaf person before? |psychosis |

|explained by limited education or life-long limited language|ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

|fluency) |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Special meaning is attributed to colors, patterns, or other |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|actual visual stimuli (not involving visual hallucinations) |deaf person before? |psychosis |

| |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Other bizarre, odd, or illogical ideas or comments not |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|specified above (but not if better explained by limited |deaf person before? |psychosis |

|education, low IQ, or low fund of information; also see |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

|items 34 and 35) |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|LINGUISTIC SYMPTOMS |

|Clanging (Language created for structural rather than |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|logical reasons, e.g., signs are combined based on the |deaf person before? |psychosis |

|similarity of handshapes, location, or direction of movement|ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

|alone. Do not include clanging done for the purpose of |ٱ Unsure | |

|being poetic or clever.) | | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Loss or deterioration of previous language skills (do not |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|include loss of spoken/written language skills due to sudden|deaf person before? |psychosis |

|or progressive hearing or vision loss) |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Pressured speech or signing (communication that is |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|abnormally fast or excessive in amount – well beyond what |deaf person before? |psychosis |

|normal excitement or ASL fluency might produce) |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Echolalia/echopraxia (repeating words or phrases that |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|someone else said or signed) |deaf person before? |psychosis |

| |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Perseveration (repeating one’s own words, phrases, or ideas;|Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|this does not include preservative movements that are not |deaf person before? |psychosis |

|language; see item 34) |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Neologisms (inventing words or signs that do not exist; do |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|not include home signs, miming, or signs invented for the |deaf person before? |psychosis |

|purpose of being poetic or clever) |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Fingerspelling backwards |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

| |deaf person before? |psychosis |

| |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Other evidence of unusual, impoverished, or dysfluent |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|communication (that are not better explained by limited |deaf person before? |psychosis |

|education, social factors, low IQ, or life-long limited |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

|language fluency) |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|BEHAVIORAL SYMPTOMS |

|Blunted, restricted, or flat affect (significant reductions |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|in the range or intensity of emotion) |deaf person before? |psychosis |

| |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Inappropriate affect (emotions conflict with the content of |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|ideas or communication, e.g., laughing about the death of a |deaf person before? |psychosis |

|loved one; could appear as inappropriate facial expressions)|ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Volatile mood or behavior (individual easily loses |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|behavioral control or is frequently at risk for losing |deaf person before? |psychosis |

|control) |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Talking or signing to oneself (when clear evidence of visual|Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|or auditory hallucinations is not apparent) |deaf person before? |psychosis |

| |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Poor eye contact (in comparison to what is normal for deaf |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|individuals) |deaf person before? |psychosis |

| |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Unusual mannerisms, movements, or postures (unnatural |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|movements that are awkward, disorganized, or bizarre; do not|deaf person before? |psychosis |

|include oddities of sign language or voice that are intended|ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

|as communication) |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Unusual personal habits (such as obsessions, compulsions, |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|odd clothing odd grooming, collecting/hoarding unusual |deaf person before? |psychosis |

|things; do not include styles of grooming or clothing that |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

|are simply “counter-culture” or a fad) |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Psychomotor retardation (abnormally slow or reduced number |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|of movements, including sign language) |deaf person before? |psychosis |

| |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Emotional withdrawal (lack of interest or involvement in |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|life events, including those that directly pertain to him or|deaf person before? |psychosis |

|her) |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Social isolation (lack of personal relationships or interest|Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|in them, including with other deaf people) |deaf person before? |psychosis |

| |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Does not demonstrate a sense of humor or the ability to |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

|appreciate humor, sarcasm, playfulness, etc. |deaf person before? |psychosis |

| |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|Failure to maintain basic hygiene and grooming |Have you seen this in any |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

| |deaf person before? |psychosis |

| |ٱYes ٱNo |1 2 3 4 |

| |ٱ Unsure | |

| | |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| | |Rare Frequent |

| | |1 2 3 4 |

|PLEASE DESCRIBE ANY OTHER SYMPTOMS NOT LISTED ABOVE THAT YOU HAVE OBSERVED IN DEAF INDIVIDUALS THAT MAY PERTAIN TO PSYCHOSIS. |

|Additional symptom: |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

| |psychosis |

| |1 2 3 4 |

| |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| |Rare Frequent |

| |1 2 3 4 |

|Additional symptom: |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

| |psychosis |

| |1 2 3 4 |

| |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| |Rare Frequent |

| |1 2 3 4 |

|Additional symptom: |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

| |psychosis |

| |1 2 3 4 |

| |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| |Rare Frequent |

| |1 2 3 4 |

|Additional symptom: |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

| |psychosis |

| |1 2 3 4 |

| |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| |Rare Frequent |

| |1 2 3 4 |

|Additional symptom: |Not exclusive Exclusive to to psychosis |

| |psychosis |

| |1 2 3 4 |

| |How common in psychotic deaf? |

| |Rare Frequent |

| |1 2 3 4 |

|PLEASE PROVIDE ANY ADDITIONAL COMMENTS THAT MIGHT HELP US IMPROVE THIS SURVEY OR THE PSYCHOSIS SYMPTOM RATING SCALE. |

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|THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME AND ASSISTANCE!! |

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