Soc 213(001)



Soc 213(001) Deviant Behavior Dodd Bogart Test 4A 5/8/01

Part 1: Old Text Items (Thio)

Ch. 12: Drinking and Alcoholism

01. What factor listed by Chase (1996) is most likely the reason for the increase in abstinence and a decrease in heavy drinking? A. the high amount of "sin tax" on alcohol, B. increased amount of publicity regarding drinking and driving, C. overall aging of the population, D. exploration into other drugs such as marijuana and cocaine, E. none of the above. (p. 275)

02. Which statement about alcohol use is TRUE? A. beer drinkers are unlikely to become alcoholics, B. alcohol enhances the sexual experience, C. most alcoholics are homeless, D. taking stimulants such as coffee has no sobering effect on an intoxicated individual, E. the effects of drinking on a full stomach are no different than on an empty stomach. (p. 276)

03. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? A. Alcohol reduces the drinker's sensorimotor skills. B. Alcohol diminishes the drinker's moral competence. C. Moderate drinkers are less likely than abstainers to suffer from heart disease. D. Sexual impotence persists long after cirrhotics have stopped drinking. E. Abstainers have higher death rates than moderate drinkers. (pp. 277-279)

04. _____ percent of the crimes committed by students on college campuses are alcohol-related. A. over 90 B. 50 C. 25 D. 10 E. less than 5 (p. 280)

05. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. Machismo is a major factor in heavy drinking among Hispanics. B. Native American tribes with an "agricultural tradition" have a higher incidence of alcohol abuse than tribes with a "hunter-gatherer tradition." C. Black Americans have more serious problems with alcohol than any other ethnic group. D. There are more problem drinkers and alcoholics from the upper class than from the lower class. E. Black college students are much less likely to use and abuse alcohol than their white peers. (pp. 281-283)

06. Which of the following is NOT a trait of the alcoholic personality? A. antisocial B. gregarious C. hostile D. depressed E. passive-aggressive (p. 291)

07. Which of the following is NOT a sociological or social-psychological explanation for alcoholism? A. vulnerable personality features B. culturally produced inner tensions C. the flushing response D. lack of options for resolving stressful issues E. advertisements offering alcohol as a stress-reliever (pp.292-293) Ch. 13: White-Collar and Governmental Deviance

08. According to Sutherland (1949) white collar deviance is NOT A. committed by someone respectable, B. occupationally related, C. committed by someone in the upper class, D. committed someone in a menial position, E. committed with skill and sophistication. (p. 300-301)

09. What federal agency was established in 1970 to enforce laws that keep employees free from known hazards in the work environment? A. HUD, B. OSHA, C. FCC, D. CWA, E. none of the above. (p. 301)

10. The most common form of action employed by OSHA against offending corporations is A. citations B. fines C. threats D. negotiations E. instituting new management (p. 302)

11. Most of the illegal activities engaged in by U.S. companies abroad involve the use of A. tax evasion B. bribes C. deceptive advertising D. unsafe products E. illegal banking activities (p. 306)

12. Abusing the frank refers to A. illegal election practices B. mail fraud C. business kickbacks D. self- image E. campaign finance abuse (p. 316)

13. Which of the following statements is FALSE? A. The crimes of bank fraud and bank robbery carry an average penalty of 8 years in prison. B. Most white-collar criminals are not caught. C. Fear of loss is typically the motive of lower level white-collar workers. D. The more power corporations have, the more likely they are to commit corporate crime. E. Greed is essentially the same as boundless ambition. (pp. 319- 320)

14. The term, "discretionary wilderness," refers to A. accusing the accuser B. fee splitting C. loopholes D. embezzlement E. official violence (p. 322)

Ch. 14: Disreputable Economic Deviance

15. Which crime is considered both a property AND a violent crime? A. burglary, B. shoplifting, C. arson, D. drunk driving, E. none of the above. (p. 326)

16. According to Conklin (1972) the weapon helps the robber to accomplish his goal in each of these ways EXCEPT A. the weapon intimidates the victim, B. the weapon ensures escape, C. the weapon makes good the threat, D. the weapon allows the offender to get close to the victim, E. the weapon creates a buffer zone. (p. 327)

17. Which of the following is most likely NOT a characteristic of an amateur robber? A. teenaged, B. drug addition, C. alcoholic, D. highly skilled, E. opportunistic. (p. 329)

18. Which of the following sociologic theories does Conklin (1972) use to explain robbery? A. relative deprivation, B. economic abundance, C. feminist theory, D. conflict theory, E. none of the above. (p. 331)

19. According to Thio, which of the following is NOT likely to be a reason for the increase in the incidence of carjacking? A. increased insurance fraud, B. inadequate law enforcement, C. decrease in legitimate opportunities for making money, D. increased sophistication of car's security devices, E. increase in the profitability of stolen parts. (p. 333)

20. According to Wright and Decker (1994) which of the following is most likely the primary motivation for committing a burglary? A. peer pressure, B. family business, C. high amount of debt, D. to live the "fast life", E. none of the above. (p. 334)

Part 02: Videos: Old Items

Video 13A: How to Steal $500 Million Dollars 21. In presenting the Phar-Mor story as both a fraud and a modern morality play what did the video leave for the view to decide? A. why Phar-Mor was allowed to carry on the deceit B. how Phar-Mor carried on the deceit C. who where the key played in the fraud, D. the effects of competition in retail markets E. the moral issues in the system of buying.

22. Which of the following business qualities were attributed to Mickey Monus by Pat Finn? A. ability to create jobs B. ability to make money C. ability to motivate everyone D. ability to boost his home town E. all of the above.

23. As a business executive how did Mickey Monus focus his interests? A. exclusively on Phar-Mor B. Phar-Mor, sports league, TV production, and other businesses C. expanding from the Midwest to the east coast D. radio broadcasting, buying a major league baseball team E. bringing more consumer products into the Ohio valley.

24. What options did Stan Cherelstein think the company could try to save itself? A. exclusivity money and raising prices B. expanding the number of stores C. mortgaging property to pay off inventories D. reverting to one set of books E. selling of other Monus' businesses.

25. What happens at the real estate convention held in Las Vegas each year? A. mortgage interest rates are set B. deals are made for new store locations C. inventory content is negotiated D. distribution of sale territories are negotiated E. new areas for market expansion are evaluated.

Video 13B: Smoke in the Eye

26. The video starts out by showing personal bodyguards safeguarding the life of _____ who had been the former _____. A. Lowell Bergman; reporter investigating tobacco industry abuses B. Ellen Kaden; legal counsel for Philip Moris C. Jeffrey Wigand; director of product research at Brown & Williamson D. Andrew Tisch; vice president at Lorilar Tobacco E. Paul Friedman; executive vice president at Brown & Williamson

27. According to the video, within the tobacco industry cigarettes were referred to as _____. A. delivery devices for nicotine B. tobacco sticks C. nicotine fortified tobacco D. coffin nails E. nonaddictive packaged tobacco

28. As a result of an investigative report presented on ABC's Day One program, _____ filed a $10 billion lawsuit against ABC accusing the network of _____. A. Brown & Williamson; false and malicious reporting B. Philip Morris; willful and reckless disregard of the facts C. Lorilar; tortious interference D. Brown & Williamson; libel and slander E. Philip Morris; fraudulent misrepresentation

29. In 1994, top executives representing _____ tobacco companies _____ to state that they did not believe that nicotine was addictive. A. 7; testified at a Congressional subcommittee B. 3; met with Food and Drug Administration regulators C. 6; testified in federal court D. 5: released industry documents allowing them E. 3: interviewed on shows.

30.Three weeks after ABC settled their lawsuit with one of the tobacco companies, the producer of CBS 60 Minutes was summoned to Black Rock (CBS Headquarters) where he was informed by Chief Counsel that interviewing former tobacco executives would lead to legal action against CBS for _____. A. trade secret infringement B. reckless disregard of facts C. fraudulent misrepresentation D. malicious violation of executive confidentiality E. tortious interference.

Video 13C: High Crimes and Misdemeanors

31. What was President Reagan's opinion of the position of the Congress regarding help for the contras? A. Congress just kept getting more resistant as time went on B. Congress position was such that he had to go public with the story C. Congress would vote financial support for the U.S. action in Central America D. Congress was escalating its support for Israel E. none of the above.

32. Which of the following contributed to the knowledge of the Iran-Contra affair? A. presidential press conferences B. campaign speeches during the election C. leaks of secrete information to the press D. Freedom of Information Act E. The Boland Amendment.

33. According to Moyers what is good presidential politics in an election year? A. support of popular congressional candidates B. peace in foreign policy C. control of economic policy D. aid to dependent (welfare) families E. tax cuts for the rich.

34. Who knew about swapping arms for hostages in 1985 after Reagan left the hospital? A. Congress B. the public C. Vice President Bush and the advisers D. House Committee on Foreign Affairs E. none of the above.

35. What was the public rhetoric regarding hostages prior to Christmas 1985? A. a trade of x number of arms for y hostages B. channeling money through Israel for release of hostages C. elite military squadrons attacking embassies D. we do not negotiate with terrorists E. none of the above.

Video 13D: Waco, The Inside Story

36. According to the video, Waco, The Inside Story, the ATF (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms) confrontation at Waco was _____, A. originally planned as the first stage of a multi agency operation to confiscate illegal weapons and explosives, B. a disaster due to lack of cooperation from the FBI, C. a success resulting in the surrender of illegal arms dealers, D. the result of a clue discovered in the investigation of the World Trade Center bombing, E. the longest shoot-out in law enforcement history.

37. Coordinating the overall FBI strategy at Waco had its problems because while most of the federal agents were located near the compound, the FBI _____ was(were) located _____. A. negotiators; 5 miles away in a hanger, B. hostage rescue team; 1 mile away in a farmhouse, C. air assault unit; 7 miles away at a military base, D. rapid response unit; on site in a communications trailer, E. special weapons and tactics team; 2 miles away at the sheriff's office.

38. According to Jamar why was the surrender worked out in minute detail? A. To guarantee that the negotiators, HRT, and the Davidians were in absolute agreement, B. to make sure the women and children would be protected, C. to put the plan in their heads create a picture, D. to increase the likelihood that Koresh would discontinue his religious diatribe, E. To decrease the chance that FBI agents would be killed.

39. Koresh had convinced the members of his compound that he was _____ and that they could _____. A. an angel of God; not leave the compound for fear of being taken by the devil, B. a prophet; not leave the compound according to the work of God, C. the Messiah, leave the compound without fear, D. called by God, leave the compound if they went through an exit interview, E. the Messiah; leave the compound but they would face the beast.

40. The FBI decided to use a time honored tactic of _____. A. cutting off all utilities to the compound, B. BAD COP, GOOD COP, C. cutting off all food to the compound, D. displaying a decisive show of force, E. wait 10 days and storm the compound.

Part 3: New Text Items (Thio)

Ch. 12: Drinking and Alcoholism

41. Globally, which country appears to have moderate drinkers, ranking neither among the heavy-drinking nations nor the practically dry ones? A. France B. Italy C. Switzerland D. United States E. Australia. (p. 275)

42. Which of the following statements is NOT a myth? A. beer drinkers are more likely to become alcoholics when compared with drinkers of other types of alcoholic beverages, B. alcohol enhances the sexual experience, C. most alcoholics are homeless, D. taking stimulants such as coffee will counter-act the effects of alcohol, E. the effects of drinking on a full stomach are no different than on an empty stomach. (p. 276)

43. Which of the following statements is TRUE about factors explaining the degree of intoxication? A. food in the stomach can retard absorption of alcohol and weaken its intoxicating impact, B. individuals that are heavy drinkers and drink frequently will become less intoxicated than someone with lower tolerance, C. the higher percentage of alcohol in a beverage, the quicker the intoxicating effect, D. an individual weighing 100 pounds does not have the same alcohol tolerance as someone that weighs 200 pounds, E. all of the above. (p. 278)

44. What percent of campus crime is alcohol related? A. 90%, B. 70%, C. 10%, D. 40%, E. none of the above. (p. 280)

45. According to Glassner (1991) which religious group makes conscious attempts to avoid excessive drinking? A. Catholics, B. Baptists, C. Orthodox Jews, D. Protestants, E. none of the above. (p. 283)

46. Which of the following is NOT one of E. M. Jellinek's (1952) sequence of events in becoming an alcoholic? A. physically addicted, B. hitting bottom, C. clarity of vision D. psychologically addicted, E. social drinker. (pp. 286-287)

47. Which of the following have been found to be a characteristic of a binge drinker? A. being white, B. being male, C. business major, D. college educated parents, E. all of the above. (p. 289)

Ch. 13: White-Collar and Governmental Deviance

48. Which of the following statements is TRUE about white-collar deviance? A. an offense committed by the upper, white-collar class B. white-collar crime is occupationally related C. the economic deviant is a relatively respectable, high-status person D. none of the above E. all of the above (p. 300)

49. Which of the following is NOT a reason that corporations fail to protect their employee's health and safety? A. cost, B. negligence, C. reduction in enforcement personnel, D. weak enforcement policy, E. none of the above. (p. 302)

50. Falsifying records to make a bank appear financially healthy is an example of which type of deviance? A. antitrust violation, B. embezzlement, C. fraud, D. tax and securities violation, E. none of the above. (p. 304)

51. According to Hollinger and Clark (1983), Altheide et al. (1978) and Conklin (1977), which of the following is most likely NOT a reason for employee theft? A. supplement existing income, B. non-criminal self image, C. boring jobs, D. union-management conflict E. large and impersonal corporations. (p. 308)

52. When a lawyer bills for services he never rendered, he is committing A. deviance against customers, B. deviance against the government, C. employee theft, D. embezzlement, E. deviance in the professions. (p. 310)

53. A person buys an item through mail order without checking the reputation of the firm and becomes a victim of fraud. This is most likely an example of A. society's relative indifference, B. the victim's unwitting cooperation, C. the deviant's respectable self image, D. profit maximization, E. none of the above. (pp. 313)

54. According to Thio, which of the following is NOT a cause of white collar deviance? A. fear of loss, B. benefit of high position, C. greed for gain, D. strong social control, E. weak law enforcement. (pp. 319-320)

Ch. 14: Disreputable Economic Deviance

55. Which of the following is an element of robbery as a property crime? A. deciding what target to rob, B. deciding to rob for money, C. deciding how to rob, D. all of the above, E. none of the above. (p. 326)

56. Most bank robbers are primarily interested in A. fame B. money C. thrills D. power E. none of the above. (p. 326)

57. According to Haran and Martin (1984) and Conklin (1972), which robber type is most likely to form a gang in order to overpower the victim? A. opportunist robber, B. professional robber, C. addict robber, D. thrill seeking robber, E. alcoholic robber. (p. 330)

58. From 1980 to 1994, what was the fastest growing property crime? A. robbery, B. larceny/theft, C. auto theft, D. burglary, E. none of the above. (p. 332)

59. In the case of burglaries, what motivates the individual to commit a burglary? A. desire to obtain money B. maintain a Afast life

C. to party D. to use drugs and alcohol E. all of the above. (p. 334)

60. The main reason why it is impossible to stamp out organized crime is because A. they have corrupted the police too extensively B. the government laws are too weak C. the public will always create a demand for vices D. there is too much money involved E. none of the above. (p. 347)

Part04: Lecture Items and Video: New Items

Video 13A: How to Steal $500 Million

61. Monus tended to hire _____ to run his new business empire. A. young, inexperienced men; B. men who were older and retired; C. family members (relatives) whose loyalty could be counted on; D. men who had had run-ins with the law for shady business practices but who wanted another chance; E. mob members known to the police as criminals.

62. How did Monus extract a significant amount of money from name brand vendors? A. franchise taxes, B. distribution taxes, C. pass-on corporate taxes, D. franchise tariffs, E. overhead charges.

63. Who picks up the cost of an expensive dress (half a million dollars) for the bride when Monus decides to get married (at a point when PharMor is losing lots of money)? A. Parents of the bride, B. Coca-Cola, C. Gerber's baby food, D. Absolut Vodka, E. Nabisco (Phillip-Morris).

64. Although Monus persuades Corporate Partners to make a $200 million influx of new capital, most of that money actually went to pay for what? A. Monus's wedding expenses, B. a share of a new basketball league, C. a Mafia debt, D. vendors, E. federal income taxes.

65. Finn turns himself and tape over to law enforcement authorities and they charge PharMor with fraud. What does Monus face if convicted? A. over $20 million in fines, B. 30 years imprisonment and $18 million in fines, C. 15 years imprisonment and $9 million in fines, D. life imprisonment and over $36 million in fines, E. no imprisonment but $2.24 million in fines.

Video 13B: Smoke In the Eye

66. Jeffrey Wigand told CBS' Mike Wallace that Brown & Williamson cigarettes are primarily what? A. a public commodity B. a nicotine delivery system C. politically sanctioned by Congress D. a tobacco purification system E. healthy and wholesome.

67. Day One's investigation into the tobacco industry coincided with an investigation by whom/what? A. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms B. The Food and Drug Administration C. The Attorney General's office D. The Department of Health, Education and Welfare E. The Department of Children, Youth and Families

68. Widespread circulation of 4,000 pages of Brown & Williamson documents (after being left anonymously on a doorstep) were initially released by whom? A. Mike Wallace (CBS) B. Jane Pauley (NBC) C. Phillip Hilts (the New York Times) D. Stanton Glantz (the University of California/San Francisco) E. John Martin (Day One)

69. The term, "tortious interference," refers to what? A. inducement to break a confidentiality agreement B. interfering with a merger or takeover C. leaking information prior to a court hearing D. settlement agreements E. violation of a restraining order

70. CBS ran its interview with Jeffrey Wigand only after what happened? A. ABC reached an out-of-court settlement with the tobacco companies B. Mike Wallace threatened to resign his position, in protest C. the tobacco companies resolved not to file suit against CBS D. Mike Wallace was fired by Lowell Bergman E. the Wall Street Journal investigated and ran the same story

Video 13C: High Crimes and Misdemeanors

71. The event which let the secret out regarding covert arms sales to foreign nations occurred when? A. After a Nicaraguan ship was seized in the Gulf of Mexico with both U.S. and Iranian made arms on board, B. After an Argentinean ship was intercepted in route to Nicaragua with a load of U.S. arms aboard, C. Shortly after the assassination attempt was made on President Reagan=s life, D. After an Iranian military defector broke the silence about the arms deal being made, E. After an Argentinean aircraft chartered by Israel crashed with U.S. made arms on board.

72. One precipitating event which led to the arranging of covert arms deals by the White House staff was what? A. The support of terrorists by Libya leading to the World Trade Center bombing, B. The terrorist bombing and subsequent crash of a U.S. 747 jumbo jet over Scotland, C. taking of the United States Embassy and hostages by Iranian terrorists, D. evidence obtained showing Contra insurgents supporting Colombian drug lords, E. taking of United States citizens as hostages by Syrian terrorists.

73. Congress used which amendment to prevent the executive branch from spending money to support the Contras in Nicaragua? A. Johnson, B. Hamilton, C. Baker, D. Bowlin, E. Ford.

74. As the arms for hostage deal actually became more profitable, what happened to the proceeds from the arms sales? A. They were used to fund an undeclared war in Colombia, B. They were used to fund NASA, C. They were sent back to the U.S. Treasury, D. They were split between the United States, Israel, and Honduras, E. They were used to expedite more arms shipments in exchange for more hostages.

75. When it became public that the Reagan Administration was illegally funding the Contra effort with money from arms for hostages deals, what happened? A. Lt. Col. Oliver North initiated damage control efforts by destroy evidence in his office, B. Reagan sent his National Security Advisor to Capitol Hill to brief the Senate Foreign Affairs Committee on what was happening, C. CIA Director Casey instructed agents in Iran to destroy all evidence tying the United States to Contra support. D. the Israelis were secretly advised to hide all outstanding shipments of arms in their country, E. the Contra leaders were secretly transported back to the United States.

Lecture 8: New Criminology

76. According to Robert Quinney, the probability that a person will develop action patterns that have a high potential of being defined as criminal depends on the relative substance of all of the following factors EXCEPT what? A. interpersonal associations and identifications. B. self-conceptions. C. structured opportunities. D. learning experiences. E. procedural fairness of the criminal justice system.

77. Due to its continuing reliance on segregative controls, the state is faced with a growing crisis which is the overproduction of deviance. Alternatives to managing the crisis are limited; however, among those approaches all of the following are likely to be favored EXCEPT what? A. conversion (potential deviants become police). B. rehabilitation (turn into productive citizens). C. support of criminal enterprise (alliance), D. normalization (decarceration of inmates). E. none of the above.

78. Robert Quinney states several propositions regarding the social reality of crime to include all the following EXCEPT what?. A. conceptions of crime are constructed and diffused through society using various means of communication. B. the probability that criminal definitions will be formulated increases with demands to protect political, economic, religious interests. C. rights of the underclass are protected through democratic representation in the legislatures. D. criminal definitions describe behaviors that conflict with interests of those who have the power to shape public policy. E. the probability that criminal definitions will be applied is influenced by community expectations of law enforcement/administration.

79. According to Spitzer, the major problem(s) faced by monopoly capitalism is/are what? A. external market competition. B. surplus population and surplus production. C. aging means of production. D. vulnerable sources of raw materials. E. threats from communist forms of government.

80. William Chambliss reported that there was a striking similarity in the types of laws that do and do not get enforced. In both countries he studied, many laws are systematically violated in situations involving what? A. bribery B. fraud C. drug trafficking D. prostitution E. terrorism.

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