Chinle Unified School District



Lesson OverviewTitleElephant ToothpasteGrade LevelsK-3 Could extend into higher grades if lesson was modified with extensions to create more rigorSubject AreaScience (chemistry)MathSummary & RationalExploration and immediate results! Young minds are very curious and this simple experiment will excite them and create even more interest and curiosity about how chemicals react with one another. A fun visual. Big wow factor. ReferenceSources/CitationsTobin, Declan. (2017). Fun Elephant Toothpaste Experiment For Kids. Easy Science for Kids. Retrieved from Tasks/PlanningActivity DescriptionUsing chemicals students will create a concoction of chemicals that when mixed together will create a foam like substance that is called elephant toothpaste….once you conduct the experiment the name will make sense. The movement of the foam looks like toothpaste squirting out of a tube while the amount of foam usually is enough for an elephant to brush its teeth.Materials/Resources NeededSafety glasses and rubber glovesPlastic tarpFunnelAn empty plastic bottleSmall dish to mix the yeast and warm water20-volume hydrogen peroxide (you can decrease or increase the volume)Dish Soap Dry yeastWarm waterFood coloursPrep Time30 minutes to gather materials and create a lab space to conduct the experiment. Strongly suggest to use the tarp or maybe a table cloth from the dollar store. Space should be away from student computers. Suggestion is to watch a video on elephant toothpaste so you have an idea on how much foam to expect. Academic StandardsScience: K.1S.C2.PO2: I can join in science experiments.K.1S.C4.PO1: I can use pictographs, pictures, models or words to show my observations.G1.1S.C2.PO1- I can use scientific objects correctly.G1.1S.C2.PO2: Participate in guided investigations in life, physical, and earth and space sciences. G1.1S.C4.PO2: Communicate with other groups to describe the results of an investigation. G2.1S.C1.PO2 - I can predict the results of a science investigation.G2.1S.C2.PO1 - I can follow safety rules and procedures in science.G3.1S.C2.PO2: I can create a question, and plan an investigation around it. G3.1S.C2.PO4: I can measure data. Math:2.M.MD.A.01b - The Highly Proficient student can measure the length, mass and capacity of an object using the appropriate metric tool. (you can have students in 2nd grade measure the foam)Student Friendly ObjectiveI can cause a chemical reaction by creating then adding a catalyst to another chemical. I can join different chemicals to cause a chemical reaction. Navajo Culture ConnectionEvaluation/Assessment(Describe the task, the criteria/rubric, and goal for mastery)Components of your assessment may be changed depending on the grade level and which standards you choose to address in your lesson. Evaluation is teacher observation of science experiment. Were student groups able to safely and accurately create the elephant foam to cause a chemical reaction. Are they familiar with the vocabulary words? Can they explain what a chemical reaction is? Did they ask relevant questions? VocabularyIn this entire process, a chemical reaction takes place in which hydrogen peroxide breaks down into water and oxygen. The mixture of yeast and warm water will work as a catalyst. This foam is made up of oxygen filled bubbles.CHEMICAL REACTION: A chemical reaction happens when the molecules of one substance break apart and then combine together with other substance’s molecules so that a different compound can be created. Most of the chemical reactions cause changes which are non-reversible. A few of them can be reversed. Chemical reactions or changes produce new materials.CATALYSTMOLECULAR STRUCTUREEXOTHERMIC REACTION*Depending on the grade level of the students the vocabulary can change. Teaching ProceduresSTEM Career Connection (Anticipatory set-emphasize how you will make this career a relevant possibility for students. How will this lesson inspire them through this part of the lesson?)ChemistI DO (Introduction to New Material-Task Analysis)Teacher will show the class a video of the elephant toothpaste experiment to get the students excited. Teacher will introduce academic vocabulary.Teacher will advise students on safety precautions. Teacher will field any questions from the students about the experiment before they begin. WE DO (Guided Practice/Small Group Lesson Activities)PartnersEveryone puts on the rubber gloves and safety glasses.Then have the students cover the demonstration table with the plastic tarp/plastic table clothe to avoid the mess.1.Mix 3 tablespoons of water with yeast and let sit. You can let the kids do this step. Allow them to measure out the yeast and mix in the correct amount of warm water. Have your little one stir it to get out all the clumps.[2]Depending on the student’s age, you can have them use a fun spoon and stirring tool. You can also have the put on goggles and a lab coat. Kid safety goggles can be found at your local hardware store.2.Add dish soap, food coloring, and half a cup of hydrogen peroxide in a bottle. Make sure everyone wears gloves and safety goggles before handling the hydrogen peroxide. Do not let your students handle the hydrogen peroxide unless you think they are old enough.If your students are too young, have the little one squeeze the dish soap and food coloring into the bottle. You can also add glitter to make it more fun. Make sure the glitter is plastic and not metal-based because peroxide should not be used with metal.Stir the mixture yourself or have your student do it if old enough. Be sure that the hydrogen peroxide is not spilled.3.Pour the yeast mix through a funnel into your bottle. Quickly stand back and remove the funnel. You can allow your student to pour the yeast but if he/she is young, keep within arms distance to ensure the bottle doesn’t spill onto him/her. Use a short bottle with a wide base for stability. Make sure the neck is narrow to increase the effect.The fungi in the yeast immediately cause the hydrogen peroxide to decompose and strip off an extra oxygen molecule. The yeast acts as a catalyst as it causes the hydrogen peroxide molecule to release an oxygen molecule. The stripped off oxygen molecule takes the form of a gas and once it hits the soap it creates fluffy foam bubbles, while the rest stays as water. The gas looks for an escape route and the foam “toothpaste” gushes out of the bottle.Make sure the yeast and hydrogen peroxide are mixed well for optimum effect.4.Change the size and shape of the bottle. If you choose smaller bottles with narrower escape routes, you will have a more powerful oozing foam. Play around with the size and shape of your bottle for greater effects.With a regular soda bottle and 3% hydrogen peroxide, you will probably get a cascading effect like a chocolate fountain.5.Feel the heat. Observe how the foam gives off heat. The chemical reaction is known as an exothermic reaction so heat is given off. The heat is not enough to cause any harm so you can definitely feel the foam and play around. The foam is just water, soap and oxygen so it isn’t toxic.6.Clean up. You can use a sponge to clean up the area and pour any extra liquid down the drain. If you decided to use sparkles, strain them out of the liquid and throw them out before pouring down the drain.Why it works: You know what the molecular structure of good ol’ fashion water looks like, right? H2O? Well hydrogen peroxide is H2O2, or two hydrogen atoms and 2 oxygen atoms. When you add yeast to the mix, the fungi immediately aid in the decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide, stripping off that extra oxygen.The extra oxygen becomes a gas — all those foam bubbles you see — while the rest is basically water again. The gas starts looking for an escape route and voila! A foamy, toothpasty gush out of your bottle.Here’s another fun part. The reaction also creates heats, so it’s known as an exothermic reaction. It’s usually not too hot at these concentrations, but you can definitely feel heat emanate off the foam. It’s pretty neat and not too hot, so by all means, mess around with the foam and have fun!YOU DO(Independent Practice)PartnersIf the teacher feels that the students are old enough to perform another experiment on their own they may do so. They can change the shape of the bottle. They can add different colors of food coloring. Teacher can have students speculate on what will happen if they used s different shape bottle. Have the students hypothesize/guess and then let them run the experiment again on their own. Lesson ClosureReflection questions.What was your favorite part of this experiment? Can any of the students explain what happened in the experiment? Can they use the vocabulary words as they reflect? Teacher should paraphrase and use the vocabulary to reinforce for the students. Filed Trip OpportunityN/ATimeframe45 minutes with class discussion and an opportunity for them to make their own elephant toothpaste.PartnershipsN/A*(Please be aware the concentrated hydrogen peroxide (greater than the household 3%) is a strong oxidizer. It may bleach skin and could possibly cause burns. Do not attempt without proper safety precautions and the presence of an adult.)Notes to the right will be helpful when trying to acquire the hydrogen peroxide. V10, V20, V30, and V40The peroxide for sale at beauty stores will have the following labels: V10, V20, V30, V40. Some brands may also say the percentage of peroxide along with the volume. Some may not.This VOLUME......contains this PERCENTAGE?of hydrogen peroxide10 volume or V103%20 volume or V206%30 volume or V309%40 volume or V4012%TipsYou might notice that the reaction produces heat. That's because the chemical process is exothermic, meaning that it releases energy.Keep your gloves on when disposing of the elephant toothpaste. You can dump both the foam and the liquid down the drain.Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) naturally breaks down into water (H2O) and oxygen over time. But you can speed up the process by adding a catalyst. And as the hydrogen peroxide releases a lot of oxygen at once in the presence of detergent, millions of little bubbles form quickly.WarningElephant toothpaste can stain!The resulting substance is called elephant toothpaste only because of its appearance. Don't put it in your mouth or swallow it.This experiment cannot be done safely without goggles and gloves.The foam will overflow suddenly and quickly, especially in the chemistry lab version. Ensure this experiment is conducted on a washable, stain-resistant surface, and do not stand anywhere near the bottle or cylinder when it foams. ................
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