Chemistry 11 - Weebly

Chemistry 11

Unit 3: Matter & Inorganic Naming

Book 1: The Nature of Matter & Classification

Name:__________

Block:_____

Properties of Matter

Classifying Material Properties

______________________ is the science concerned with the properties, composition, and behaviour of matter. _________________is anything that has mass and occupies space.

________________is the amount of matter contained in a thing. Usually the mass of common things is measured in ________________ or ______________________.

______________________are the qualities of a thing, especially those qualities common to a group of things. The relationship between matter and its properties is a very important aspect of chemistry.

A p________________________property of a substance is a property that can be found without creating a new substance.

For example:

A c________________________property is the ability of a substance to undergo chemical change/ _____________ and change into a __________ substance.

For example:

Physical properties are classified as being _____________________ or ______________________ .

______________________properties are qualities that are or depend on the ____________________ of the material. Examples are:

. -

______________________properties are qualities that

______________depend on the amount of the material. ____________________________________and

Figure 2.1.1 Gold has a melting point of 1064?C and a density of 19.3 g/cm3.

__________________________________are examples of intensive

These are two physical properties that

can be used to identify samples.

properties. The gold in Figure 2.1.1 has a melting point and density that are

the same for all samples of gold. These properties can therefore be

______________________ __________________________that material.

Other intensive properties such as _______________________________,

_______________________, and _______________________ differ from

sample to sample of the same material.

Assignment #1- Hebden pg 44-45 Questions #13-15 All assignments are to be completed on a separate page with the assignment number & heading. Be sure to show FULL WORKING OUT for all homework.

Physical Properties versus Chemical Properties

Figure 2.1.2 The wood that is burning to heat the pot is undergoing chemical changes. The boiling soup in the pot is undergoing a physical change.

The properties of matter are also classified as being either physical properties or chemical properties. Recall, Physical properties describe _________________________________, which are changes of _________________or form. Physical properties also describe the physical________________________of a material. Chemical properties describe chemical _________________. Chemical changes are those in which a new substance(s) or species is formed (Figure 2.1.2). Chemical properties also describe the tendency of a chemical to _________________________. Chemical properties describe relationships or interactions between different forms of matter.

They include a chemical's :

-_________________________________ -_________________________________ -_________________________________ -_________________________________

Signs of a Chemical Change:

-_________________________________ -_________________________________ -_________________________________ -_________________________________ -_________________________________

Most physical properties describe relationships or interactions between matter and energy.

-Hardness________________________________________________________________________________ -Malleability______________________________________________________________________________ -Ductility_________________________________________________________________________________ -Lustre___________________________________________________________________________________ -Viscosity_________________________________________________________________________________ -Diffusion________________________________________________________________________________

For example, A material can be classified as_____________________, _________________________________ or translucent by how it interacts with light. Other physical properties you may have learned about include _________________________________ density, _________________________________, and surface tension.

Physical properties describe physical changes.

Chemical properties describe interactions between different forms of matter.

Assignment #2- Physical & Chemical Properties & Changes Worksheet Part A + Part B + Part C This assignment is to be completed on THIS PAGE in the space provided below.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND CHANGES

Part A: Physical or Chemical?

Identify the following as a chemical (C) or physical property (P):

______1. blue color ______2. density ______3. flammability (burns) ______4. solubility (dissolves) ______5. reacts with acid ______6. supports combustion ______7. sour taste ______8. melting point ______9. reacts with water ______10. hardness ______11. boiling point ______12. shine ______13. odor ______14. reacts with air

Identify the following as chemical (C) or physical (P) changes.

______1. NaCl (Table Salt) dissolves in water. ______2. Ag (Silver) tarnishes. ______3. An apple is cut. ______4. Heat changes H2O to steam. ______5. Baking soda reacts to vineger. ______6. Fe (Iron) rusts. ______7. Alcohol evaporates . ______8. Ice melts. ______9. Milk sours. ______10. Sugar dissolves in water. ______11. Wood rots. ______12. Pancakes cook. ______13. Grass grows. ______14. A tire is inflated. ______15. Food is digested. ______16. Paper towel absorbs water. ______17. An ice cube is placed in the sun. ______18. Two chemicals are mixed together and a gas is produced. ______19. A bicycle changes colour as it rusts. ______20. A solid is crushed into a powder. ______21. Two substances are mixed and light is produced. ______22. A piece of ice melts and reacts with sodium. ______23. Mixing salt and pepper. ______24. Chocolate syrup is dissolved in milk. ______25. A marshmallow is toasted over a campfire. ______26. A marshmallow is cut in half

Part B

Read each scenario. Decide whether a physical or chemical change has occurred and give evidence for your decision. The first one has been done for you to use as an example.

Scenario

Physical or Chemical Change?

Evidence...

Umm! A student removes a loaf of bread 1. hot from the oven. The student cuts a

slice off the loaf and spreads butter on it.

Physical

No change in substances. No unexpected color change, temperature change or gas given off.

Your friend decides to toast a piece of

2.

bread, but leaves it in the toaster too long. The bread is black and the kitchen if full

of smoke.

You forgot to dry the bread knife when 3. you washed it and reddish brown spots

appeared on it.

4. You blow dry your wet hair.

In baking biscuits and other quick breads,

5.

the baking powder reacts to release carbon dioxide bubbles. The carbon dioxide

bubbles cause the dough to rise.

You take out your best silver spoons and 6. notice that they are very dull and have

some black spots.

7.

A straight piece of wire is coiled to form a spring.

8.

Food color is dropped into water to give it color.

Chewing food to break it down into smaller particles represents a _________ change, 9. but the changing of starch into sugars by enzymes in the digestive system represents a ___________change.

10.

In a fireworks show, the fireworks explode giving off heat and light.

Part C: True (T) or False (F)?

1.

Changing the size and shapes of pieces of wood would be a chemical change.

2.

In a physical change, the makeup of matter is changed.

3.

Evaporation occurs when liquid water changes into a gas.

4.

Evaporation is a physical change.

5.

Burning wood is a physical change.

6.

Combining hydrogen and oxygen to make water is a physical change.

7.

Breaking up concrete is a physical change.

8.

Sand being washed out to sea from the beach is a chemical change.

9.

When ice cream melts, a chemical change occurs.

10.

Acid rain damaging a marble statue is a physical change.

Quick Check

1. What is matter?

_____________________________________________________________ 2. What is a property?

____________________________________________________________ 3. What is an extensive property?

_________________________________________________ 4. What is a chemical property?

__________________________________________________

Particle Relationships

Matter is composed of basic units or ______________________that move independently. In some forms of matter, these particles are atoms while in others these particles are groups of atoms called molecules or _______________________ ions. ______________________changes involve the rearrangement of a material's own particles. _______________________changes involve the reorganization of two or more substances' atoms in relation to each other. Physical changes alter _____________molecular elationships (those between the molecules) while chemical changes alter ____________molecular relationships (those within molecules). Physical changes generally involve ______________________________than chemical changes.

Kinetic Energy

___________________________________is any form of energy that cannot be stored. The greater an object's _________________and _______________, the _______________ its kinetic energy. The particles of matter possess a type of kinetic energy called________________________ energy because of their continuous motion.

Independent atoms and molecules have three forms of mechanical energy or types of motion: -_________________________________________(movement from place to place) _________________________________________(movement about an axis) _________________________________________(a repetitive "back and forth" motion).

____________________energy is the total mechanical energy of an object's or a material's particles. It is an_______________________property as it depends on the size of the object or the amount of the material. Temperature is the average mechanical energy of the particles that compose a material and is therefore an ___________________________ property. An increase in a material's ______________________________, increases the kinetic energy and indicates that the average speed of its particles has _____________________________.

The differences between solids, liquids and gases can be explained by looking at the _____________________.

All substances are made up of particles. The particles are __________________________to each other. Some particles are attracted strongly to each other, and others weakly.

The particles move around. They are described as having ___________________________. The kinetic energy of the particles ___________________ with temperature.

Physical Properites VOCAB: Vapour: Vapour Pressure Boiling Temperature (boiling point): Melting Temperature (melting point):

Assignment #3- Hebden pg 48 Questions #22-24 All assignments are to be completed on a separate page with the assignment number & heading. Be sure to show FULL WORKING OUT for all homework.

The States of Matter

Table 2.1.1 The States of Matter

Under normal conditions, matter exists in three states: ____________________, ___________________ and ________________________

State

Operational Definition

Shape

Volume

Conceptual Definition

solid

liquid

gas

The 6 Physical Changes of State: 1._________________________ 2._________________________ 3._________________________ 4._________________________ 5._________________________ 6._________________________

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