Age-Sex Graph



Constructing and Interpreting Age-Sex Graphs

What is an Age-Sex Graph?

An age-sex graph, commonly referred to as a population pyramid even though the graph for some countries is not actually a pyramid shape, displays a population’s age and sex composition. Horizontal bars represent the numbers or proportions of males and females in each age group, or cohort. The sum of all the age-sex cohorts in the population pyramid equals 100 percent of the population. Be sure to use 5-year cohorts.

The left side of the pyramid represents the male population and the right side, the female population. The bars at the bottom of the pyramid represent the percent of the population that is male, 0-4 years old (left) and the percent of the population that is female, 0-4 years old (right). Each bar above the base represents the next five-year cohort, male and female, in the population. As cohorts age, they inevitably lose members because of death and they may gain or lose members because of migration. After age 45 the loss of population accelerates, causing the narrowing peak of all population pyramids.

1. Pick one country from the list below:

MOST DEVELOPED DEVELOPING/LEAST DEVELOPED

1. Argentina 9. Japan 1. Bangladesh 9. Mexico

2. France 10. New Zealand 2. Brazil 10. Thailand

3. Germany 11. Russia 3. Egypt 11. Turkey

4. Israel 12. United Kingdom 4. Nigeria 12. Haiti

5. Canada 13. Ukraine 5. Ethiopia 13. Vietnam

6. Norway 14. Finland 6. Jamaica 14. Philippines

7. Italy 15. U.S.A 7. Indonesia 15. Malaysia

8. Switzerland 16. Iceland 8. Cuba 16. Nicaragua

a. Open the US Census Bureau "International Database, available at:



b. Use the Census web site to complete the chart below for the assigned country.

Country: ____________________

|Demographic Variable |Value |

| | |

|Birth Rate (/000) | |

| | |

|Death Rate (/000) | |

| | |

|Natural Increase (%) | |

| | |

|Infant Mortality Rate (/000 live birth) | |

| | |

|Total Fertility Rate | |

| | |

|Population 65 yrs. (%) | |

| | |

|Life Expectancy (male/female) | |

| | |

|Urban Population (%) | |

| | |

|GNP/capita (US$) | |

2. Attach a map showing the population distribution within your country.

3. Construct a pyramid for the assigned country (for 1950, 2000, AND 2050) by following the steps for pyramid construction using MS Excel at the following website:

OR

Open the “China Pop Pyramid Sample” excel spreadsheet and plug in the appropriate figures.

4. Compare the demographic changes over time (1950-2000-2050) for the 3 pop pyramids for your country. For 2000 only: Describe what the age/gender implications are for your country (How many young people? How many old?).

5. Dependency ratio: calculate the dependency ratios for 1950, 2000, and 2050 (dependency ratios are the sum of the population under 16 and over 65 as a proportion of the total population…for some countries you also can find web sites that have already calculated this ratio for you…)

6. Characterize the level of development in the country – high, medium, low? Use TWO specific examples from the table and pyramid to support the decision about the level of development.

7. After you have completed everything above…compare your pop pyramid with a pyramid from a country in the opposite level of development (Ex: a “Most Developed” country would work with a “Developing/Least Developed” country.)

Compare the demographic variables for both countries and answer the following:

What are three generalizations that can be made concerning demographic indicators and the level of development between “rich” and “poor”?

8. Complete the “Baby-O-Matic” quiz on my website.

Age-Sex Graph

Location: _________________________________ Year: ______

| |95+ yrs. | |

| |90-94 yrs.| |

| |85-89 yrs.| |

| |80-84 yrs.| |

| |75-79 yrs.| |

| |70-74 yrs.| |

| |65-69 yrs.| |

| |60-64 yrs.| |

| |55-59 yrs.| |

| |50-54 yrs.| |

| |45-49 yrs.| |

| |40-44 yrs.| |

| |35-39 yrs.| |

| |30-34 yrs.| |

| |25-29 yrs.| |

| |20-24 yrs.| |

| |15-19 yrs.| |

| |10-14 yrs.| |

| |5-9 yrs. | |

| |0-4 yrs. | |

Male Female

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Source:

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