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Test on Civil War & Reconstruction Which document is considered a primary source from the Civil War?A biography of the life of a war generalA letter from the wife of a soldier during the warAn encyclopedia article about women in the warA documentary on medical treatments used during the war?1860NorthSouthIndustrialAgriculturalMore citiesMainly ruralMany factoriesFew factoriesSlavery widely opposed Slavery widely supported2. Which conclusion related to the Civil War can be drawn from the information in the chart above?The South had more large cities than the NorthSectionalism was based on social and economic differencesThe South was well-prepared to win a war against the NorthAgriculture was no longer important to the U.S. economy3. The Underground Railroad was developed in the 1840s in order to:Smuggle illegal goods into the countryProvide a form of inexpensive transportationHelp runaway slaves escape to freedomStop illegal aliens from entering the country4. Which Civil War event occurred first?Battle of GettysburgEmancipation ProclamationAssassination of Abraham LincolnFiring at Fort Sumter5. Which abolitionist leader was the “conductor” of the Underground Railroad?John BrownWilliam Lloyd GarrisonHarriet Beecher StoweHarriet Tubman6. By issuing the Emancipation Proclamation, President Abraham Lincoln:Broadened Union war goals to include ending slavery Lost northern support for the warStrengthened the principle of States rightsBrought a quick end to the war7. In the election of 1860, which region of the United States supported John C. Breckenridge?NorthSouthEastWest8. Which concept is most clearly illustrated by the election results shown in this map?FederalismNationalismProtectionismSectionalism9. Based on the image, what was the purpose of the Anaconda Plan?To surround the Southern states and cut off tradeTo create fear and panic among people in the NorthTo gather resources and bring them back to the NorthTo unite the north and south at the end of the war10. Based on the location of North Carolina, how would farmers in the states be affected by the Anaconda Plan?Farmers would not be affected at all by the Anaconda Plan The plan would prevent farmers from shipping goods overseasThe plan would encourage farmers to sell goods to the NorthThe plan would force farmers to use Union ships to export goods“One section of our country believes slavery is right and ought to be extended, while the other believes it is wrong and ought not to be extended. ?This is the only substantial dispute. Physically speaking, we cannot separate. ?We cannot remove our respective sections from each other nor build an impassable wall between them. ?A husband and wife may be divorced and go out of the presence and beyond the reach of each other, but the different parts of the country cannot do this...in your hands, my dissatisfied fellow-countrymen, and not in mine, is the momentous issue of civil war.”???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????-Abraham Lincoln’s Inaugural Address, March 4, 1861“Our present position...illustrates the American idea that government rests upon the consent of the governed, and that it is the right of the people to alter or abolish a government whenever it becomes destructive of the ends for which it was established. ?Through many years of controversy with our late associates, the Northern States, we have vainly endeavored to secure tranquility and obtain respect for the rights to which we were entitled. ?As a necessity, not a choice we have resorted to separation, and henceforth our energies must be devoted to the conducting of our own affairs, and perpetuating the Confederacy we have formed…”?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????-Jefferson Davis’ Inaugural Address, February 18, 186111. According the Abraham Lincoln, what was the only major disagreement between the North and the South?Whether or not couples should be allowed to get a divorceWhether or not new territories should be open to slaveryWhether or not women should be able to vote in electionsWhether or not the south should be able to leave the Union12. According to Jefferson Davis, why did the south secede from the Union?The relationship between the North and South was too controversialThe south needed to conserve energy and devote it to fightingThe south wanted to show other countries how democracy worksPeople in the southern states were being denied their rights13. In his address, Lincoln compares the country to a married couple getting divorced for what purpose?To make people feel guilty and ashamed for allowing the country to splitTo help people see how many people will be affected by country splitting To show how much more difficult it would be to split and separate a countryTo show how much more paperwork is involved when a country faces secession14. The phrase “Bleeding Kansas” refers to the clashes between…Pro-slavery and antislavery groupsSpanish landowners and new American settlersChinese and Irish railroad workersNative American Indians and white settlers15. As a result of the Civil War, the…Economic system of the South came to dominate the United States economyFederal Government’s power over the States was strengthenedMembers of Congress from Southern states gained control of the legislative branchNation’s industrial development came to a standstill16. ?Early in his presidency, Abraham Lincoln declared that his primary goal as President was to…Enforce the Emancipation ProclamationEnd slavery throughout the U.S. Preserve the UnionEncourage sectionalism“A house divided against itself cannot stand. ?I believe this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free.”-Abraham Lincoln, 185817. The “divided house” referred to in this speech was caused primarily by…Sectional differencesExpansionismWar with MexicoThe suffrage movement18. Which statement is best supported by the data in the table above?The Confederate troops lost the war because of more injuries and fatalitiesThe Union army had better generals during the Civil WarThe Civil War had more casualties than any other warMore soldiers died from disease than wounds.19. As a result of the Civil War…States were legally allowed to secede from the UnionCongress passed an amendment about secessionThe power of the central government was strengthenedThe power of the courts was severely diminished20. Slavery officially came to an end in the United States with the passage of the…Compromise of 1850Emancipation Proclamation of 186313th Amendment in 1865Civil Rights Act of 1964Using the following excerpts and your knowledge of social studies, answer the questions that follow.How can the?Union be saved? ?To this I answer...by adopting such measures as will satisfy the ?states belonging to the Southern section that they can remain in the Union consistently with their honor and their safety...The south asks for justice, simple justice...she has no compromise to offer but the Constitution...if you are unwilling we should part in peace, tell us so. ?----John C. Calhoun (The Clay Compromise Measures, March 4, 1850I wish to speak today, not as a Massachusetts man, nor as a Northern man, but as an American...we live in the midst of strong agitations ...the North and the stormy South combine to throw the whole sea into commotion...I speak today for the preservation of the Union...peaceable secession! Sir, your eyes and mine are never destined to see that miracle.---Daniel Webster, The Constitution and the Union Speech, March 7, 185021. The Compromise of 1850 attempted to calm sectional tensions that resulted when the United States acquired new territory after the Mexican War. ?How did Calhoun and Webster react to the possibility of a Compromise?Calhoun argued that the compromise failed to address the interests of Southern States, while Webster insisted that in the face of violent secession only compromise could save the Union.Calhoun argued that slavery’s expansion into newly acquired territories would lead to violent secession, while Webster insisted that secession was not possible.Calhoun argued that Southern justice was possible with the compromise, while Webster believed such justice was impossible with the compromise.Calhoun argued that he supported the compromise as a Southerner, while Webster did notsupport the compromise as an American.22. Why did North Carolina and neighboring states support the “three-fifths” compromise?States with higher slave populations would gain more representatives in the House of Representatives.States with lower slave populations would gain more representatives in the House of Representatives.The compromise guaranteed that all states, regardless of population, would have an equalPresidential vote.The compromise would create a fair and strong government with equal representation forall states.23. The Missouri Compromise:Upset the balance between the slave and free states in the SenateWas met by loud, violent protestsQuieted the slavery debate for a whileLed the South to immediately secede from the Union24. In the Dred Scott v. Sanford decision, the Supreme Court ruled that slavery…Was a Constitutional issue and slaves were propertyShould be kept out of the territoriesViolated the 15th AmendmentShould be ended by Congress as soon as possible 25. Who was the first and last general of the Confederate Army?Ulysses S. GrantAbraham LincolnStonewall JacksonRobert E. Lee26. Which event destroyed a significant part of the South, particularly Atlanta?Sherman’s MarchBattle of Bull RunAttack on Fort SumterBattle of AntietamUse the document to answer questions 27 and 28“All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States? Nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law? Nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.”—Section 1 of the 14th Amendment, the U.S. Constitution27. According to this amendment, which people were born in the United States, but were not subject to the jurisdiction of the laws of the country or granted citizenship prior to the 14th Amendment being issued? A. Citizens of seceded Southern States B. Members of American Indian tribes C. Formerly enslaved African Americans D. Irish immigrants who naturalized to the United States28. As a result of this amendment — A. Women gained the right to vote B. Newly freed enslaved people gained citizenship C. Immigration to the United States rapidly increased D. The government could apply an income tax to all citizensAs the great day drew nearer, there was more singing in the slave quarters than usual. It was bolder, had more ring, and lasted later into the night. Most of the verses of the plantation songs had some reference to freedom…. Some man who seemed to be a stranger (a United States officer, I presume) made a little speech and then read a rather long paper . . . After the reading we were told that we were all free, and could go when and where we pleased. My mother, who was standing by my side, leaned over and kissed her children, while tears of joy ran down her cheeks. She explained to us what it all meant, that this was the day for which she had been so long praying, but fearing that she would never live to see. —Booker T. Washington, Up from Slavery: An Autobiography, 1901 ??29. The long paper the officer read aloud was most likely which document?A. The Gettysburg Address B. The Emancipation Proclamation C. The Surrender of General Robert E. LeeD. The Thirteenth Amendment30. Why was a plan for Reconstruction of the South needed?A. The Lincoln administration did not want to readmit the Confederate states to the Union.B. Many new citizens had joined the nation during the war.C. The Constitution provided no guidance on secession or readmission of states.D. The Southern economy had grown, and Northern states wanted to share the prosperity.31. The Ten Percent Plan required thatA. Ten percent of a state’s voters take a loyalty oath to the Union.B. State legislatures set aside ten percent of their seats for African Americans.C. Southern landowners give ten percent of their land to freedmen.D. The South pay ten percent of the Union’s war costs.32. One of President Lincoln’s first major goals for Reconstruction was toA. Reunify the nation.B. Grant African Americans full citizenship.C. Redistribute the South’s land.D. Punish Southern states for seceding.33. Which of the following was a key problem with the sharecropping system?A. Cotton was no longer a profitable crop.B. Landowners could lie about expenses to keep sharecroppers in debt.C. Sharecroppers had to buy their own supplies from other towns.D. Farmers had to pay the landowners cash rent as well as shares of the crop.“The registrar brought a big old book out there, and he gave me the sixteenth section of the constitution of Mississippi,…I could copy it like it was in the book, but after I got through copying it, he told me to give a reasonable interpretation and tell the meaning of the section I had copied. Well, I flunked out.” – A History of the United States since 186134. The main idea of the literacy test described in the passage was toEncourage reform of the political system.Encourage Mississippi residents to learn about their state’s legal systemPrevent African Americans from exercising a basic rightEnforce the provisions of the US Constitution35. What was a major duty of the Freedman’s Bureau?To return former slaves to their mastersTo help Southern states form new governmentsTo help former slaves get an education and find jobTo help Southern plantation owners find a source of laborCivil War and Reconstruction Test: ?Constructed ResponseYou will choose five of the following questions to answer. ?Your answers must be thoughtful and completely answer the question. ?1. ????Explain the economic factors that led to the Union’s victory in the Civil War2. ????How did sectionalism divide the nation in the years leading up to the Civil War and after?3. ????Explain, in detail, two major challenges that the government faced with Reconstruction.“My paramount object in this struggle is to save the Union, and is not either to save or to destroy slavery. If I could save the Union without freeing any slave I would do it, and if I could save it by freeing all the slaves I would do it; and if I could save it by freeing some and leaving others alone I would also do that. What I do about slavery, and the colored race, I do because I believe it helps to save the Union.”-Abraham Lincoln. August 22, 18624. ????How does the quote above explain Lincoln’s opinions on slavery and the Civil War?5. ????Why do you think white Southerners passed black codes and Jim Crow laws that limited and controlled African Americans after the Civil War?6. ????What did the 13th, 14th and 15th amendments accomplish?7. ????Could the United States have avoided the Civil War? (Use specific examples in your answer)8. ????How was the issue of states’ rights a leading cause of the Civil War?9. ??How did many Southern state governments respond to the demands of Reconstruction?10. Why was the number of American casualties so high in the Civil War compared with other military events? ................
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