Chapter 5 – Classical Greece



Chapter 5 – Classical Greece

SECTION 1:

1. What geographical factors in Greece made the Greeks turn to the sea to support their civilization?

2. How did nearness to the sea help alleviate Greek resource shortages?

3. Why did most Greeks identify with their local community instead of Greece as a whole?

4. Where and when did the first Greek civilization appear?

5. What were some of Mycenae’s strengths?

6. How did the Minoans on the island of Crete influence the Mycenaean’s?

7. Discuss the Trojan War.

8. Which archaeologist discovered the existence of the city of Troy?

9. Who caused the “Dark Ages” of Greece and what four things happened to the Greek civilization during these ‘dark ages”?

a.

b.

c.

d.

10. Why might a detailed history of the Dorian Age be difficult to write?

11. Who was Greece’s most famous storyteller and what two epics did he write?

12. Why were the epics of importance to the Greeks of the Dorian period?

13. What unique ways did the Greeks view their deities?

14. Why are the explanations provided in Greek myths of natures no longer believable?

SECTION 2

1. Describe the Greek city-state.

2. Identify the different political systems that developed in the Greek city-states.

3. What were advantages and disadvantages of the city-states as a form of government?

4. What was a tyrant?

5. Two famous city-states in ancient Greece were ____________________ and ___________________.

6. What type of government did Athens have?

7. Discuss the three Athenian leaders who advanced democracy in Athens:

a.

b.

c.

8. What differences existed in Athens between the education of boys and girls?

9. Where in Greece is Athens located?

10. Where in Greece is Sparta located?

11. How was living in Sparta different from living in Athens?

12. How did the Spartans dominate the Messenia’s?

13. How did Sparta run its city-state?

14. What role did the military play in the lives of both sexes in Sparta?

15. What price did Sparta play for having such a militaristic society?

16. What were a few ways in which Sparta and Athens were similar and how were they different?

17. What caused the Persian wars to start?

18. What advantages did the Greeks enjoy during the Persian Wars?

19. Who led the Persians during the Battle of marathon and what was the put come of this battle?

20. What is Pheidippides remembered for in Greek history?

21. What made the Persians return to invade Greece again?

22. Discuss the role of the following people, places, and events that impacted the outcome of the second Persian War:

a. Xerxes

b. Thermopylae

c. 300

d. Athenians

e. Themistocles

f. Salamis

g. Battle of Plataea

h. Delian League

23. Why were the Spartan soldiers willing to sacrifice themselves at Thermopylae?

24. What were the consequences of the Persian Wars?

SECTION 3

1. Was the rule of Pericles a “golden age’ for Greece?

2. Identify and elaborate on the three goals of Pericles:

a.

b.

c.

3. Describe Greek art and architecture.

4. Greeks had two types of plays:

a.

b.

5. Discuss the following people and their impact on classical Greece:

a. Aeschylus

b. Euripides

c. Aristophanes

d. Herodotus

e. Thucydides

6. How might Greek plays have been expressions of civic pride?

7. Do you think that Thucydides was right in his statement that history sometimes repeats itself? Why or why not?

8. Explain the major conflicts of the Peloponnesian Wars.

9. Who do you think held the advantage during the Peloponnesian Wars?

10. Identify Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle.

a.

b.

c.

11. Why do you think some Athenians found the ideas of Socrates so disturbing?

SECTION 4:

1. What was the military consequence of the lack of unity among the Greek city-states?

2. Describe Phillips conquest of Greece.

3. Who ruled Macedon upon Phillips death?

4. Discuss Alexander’s early life.

5. Explain how Alex defeated the Persian empire.

6. Summarize Alex’s conquest and their impact on future cultures.

7. Why did Alex’s troops remain loyal for over a decade?

8. Do you think that Alex was worthy of the title “great”?

9. What happened to Alex’s empire after his death?

10. Why do you think that Alex adopted Persian customs and included Persians in his army?

SECTION 5:

1. Define the Hellenistic culture.

2. Discuss Alexandria.

3. Achievements of Hellenistic scholars:

| | | |

|Category |Achievements |People |

|ASTRONOMY | | |

| | | |

| | | |

|MATH AND PHYSICS | | |

| | | |

| | | |

|PHILOSOPHY | | |

| | | |

| | | |

|ART | | |

| | | |

| | | |

| | | |

4. What is the Colossus of Rhodes?

5. What do you think is the greatest achievement of the Hellenistic period? Why?

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