Classification and Six Kingdoms Study Guide



Classification and Six Kingdoms Study Guide - ANSWERS

Answer the following questions or statements on your own sheet of paper.

1. Why do scientists classify living things into groups? (To make them easier to study.)

2. The system of shared characteristics used to classify organisms has how many levels? (8)

3. What are the levels of classification in order from broadest to most specific? Come up with a pneumonic device to help you remember this. (domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species)

4. What is binomial nomenclature and who came up with this system? (Carolus Linnaeus developed the binomial system which uses two names from the genus and species of an organism as the scientific name of the organism.)

5. What are the rules for creating scientific names for organisms?

• There are always two parts to the name

• The name is in Latin

• The first part of the name has a capital first letter and comes from the genus.

• The second part of the name is all lower case and comes from the species.

• The name is written in italics or underlined

6. Know how to name an organism given the genus and species.

7. What is a dichotomous key? What is it useful for? (An aid in identifying organisms through sequential pairs of questions.)

8. What does a branching diagram show? (shows the similarities and differences in organisms)

9. What is taxonomy? (The science of describing, classifying and naming living things.)

10. Who is Carolus Linnaeus? What is he known for? A Swedish scientist who developed a classification system similar to what we use today. He founded modern taxonomy and developed the binomial naming system.)

11. What are the 3 domains? (Archaea, bacteria, eukarya)

12. Which kingdoms are in each domain? (Archaea has the kingdom archaeabacteria, bacteria has the kingdom eubacteria, eukarya has the kingdoms protista, fungi, animal and plant)

13. What are the characteristics of organisms in each kingdom? (Refer to the matrix on the back of your study guide.)

14. What types of organisms are in each kingdom? Give examples.

1. Archeabacteria

a. Ancient bacteria found in extreme (hostile) environments.

2. Eubacteria

a. Bacteria genetically different from archeabacteria. E. coli and salmonella

3. Protists

a. The “junk drawer” of eukarotic organisms that don’t fit into the kingdoms fungi, plants or animals

b. Ancient organisms that preceded fungi, plants and animals. Algae and protozoans

4. Fungi

a. Mushrooms

b. Yeast

c. mold

5. Animal

a. Birds

b. Amphibians

c. Insects

d. mammals

6. Plant

a. Trees

b. Grasses

c. flowers

15. Which kingdoms have organisms with nuclei? (All of the kingdoms in the domain eukarya have nuclei. Protists, fungi, plants, animals)

16. Which domains have single-celled organisms and which have multi-cellular organisms? (Single cell includes all domains. Multicellular are only in eukarya.)

17. Draw a chart with the 6 kingdoms and be sure to include in the chart whether that kingdom is multicellular/unicellular or autotroph/heterotroph or prokaryote/eukaryote. (Refer to the matrix on the back of your study guide.)

18. How can using common names cause confusion? Give an example. (Many organisms have different common names, but only one scientific name. A sunfish in one part of the country is actually a different type of fish in another part of the country.)

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