The University of Texas at El Paso



The University of Texas at El Paso

College of Health Sciences

Clinical Laboratory Science Program

CLSC 3352 Body Fluids

Fall 2016

The University of Texas at El Paso

College of Health Sciences

Clinical Laboratory Science Program

Body Fluids CLSC

Instructor: Delfina C. Domínguez, PhD, MS, MT (ASCP)

Office: CHS 420 e-mail: delfina@utep.edu

Lectures: Monday and Wednesday from 11am-11:50 am

Location: CHS Room 135

Office hours: Monday and Wednesday 4:00 – 5:00 or/and by appointment.

OFFICE HOURS: Monday and Wednesday 4-5 pm and /or by appointment

If for some reason you are not able to see me at this time, you are welcome to see me after class or we can arrange an appointment at another time. You can also schedule meetings with me by e-mail. I would like to invite you to use the office hours to clarify points you did not understand in lecture, to discuss subject matter according to your special interests or talk about your career goals. Please do not wait until the last minute if you feel confused and lost please come and see me. The best time to reach me by phone is during my office hours. If for some reason, I am not in my office please leave a detailed message and I’ll try to return your call as soon as possible.

Required Textbook:

Fundamentals of Urine and Body Fluid Analysis by Nancy A. Brunzel (2013) Elsiever

Course Description

The Body Fluids course is designed to provide a basic understanding of the prime mechanisms involved in urine and other body fluid formation, function and examination. This course will prepare the student to correlate data with his/her knowledge of basic anatomy and physiology in order to understand pathologic processes. This course will present the fundamental principles of urine and other body fluid analysis/evaluation including chemical and microscopic procedures. This course will provide the student with the knowledge to accurately identify normal and abnormal components of urine and other body fluids. A body fluids laboratory will be incorporated within the course. This course is aligned with Healthy people 2020

COURSE GOAL:

This course is designed to provide basic theory and entry level laboratory experience in the analysis of urine and other body fluids. The student will learn to competently perform basic procedures and correctly interpret the findings given adequate clinical data. This course will provide the student with the knowledge to accurately distinguish between normal and abnormal physical, chemical, and microscopic components of the analysis of urine and identify various testing procedures to evaluate the patient results in light of clinical evidence.

SPECIFIC COURSE OBJECTIVES:

A. Cognitive

Upon completion of this course, the student should be able to:

1. Identify the functions of the various components of the microscope. Describe Kohler illumination and the microscope adjustment procedure used to ensure optimal specimen imaging. Level I

2. Describe the relationship of OSHA to safety in the workplace. Level I

3. Describe universal precautions policy and its purpose Level I

4. Describe appropriate procedures for the handling, disposal, decontamination and spill control of biohazards. Level I

5. State the purpose of and information contained in a material safety data sheet. Level I

6. State clinical reasons for performing routine urinalysis. Level I

7. Define and discuss the importance of the following: critical values, documentation, ethical behavior, technical competence, test utilization, turn around time Level II

8. Identify and explain preanalytical, analytical and postanalytical components of quality assurance Level II

9. Differentiate quality control vs. quality assurance Level I

10. Explain the various collection techniques employed to obtain an assortment of specimens and the importance of accurate timing and complete collection of urine specimens. Level I

11. State the changes possible in unpreserved urine and explain the mechanism for each. Level II

12. Diagram the structure and explain the function of the urinary system Level II

13. Diagram and state the function of each portion of the nephron. Level II

14. Discuss the components and the process of glumerular filtration and urine formation, including the anatomic structures, filtration forces, and substances involved. Level II

15. Describe the transport mechanisms of the tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion, including the substances involved Level II

16. State the volume and the solute composition of normal urine. Level I

17. Differentiate between the solute amount (osmolality) and the solute mass (specific gravity) in urine and describe ways in which they are measured. Level II

18. List appropriate color terms and the substances that can produce the colors, and identify those substances that indicate a pathologic process Level I

19. Discuss the origins of urine pigments and their effects on urine color Level I

20. Describe and evaluate the physical, chemical and microscopic characteristics of urine and correlate them to disease states. Level II

21. Discuss the pathogenesis of glumerular damage and describe morphological changes that occur in the glumeruli. Level II

22. Describe the physiologic mechanism, clinical features and the urinalysis laboratory diagnosis of metabolic disorders (amino acid disorders). Level II

23. Describe the microscopic staining techniques used to enhance visualization of the formed elements in urinary sediment Level I

24. Describe the formation, composition and clinical significance of urinary cast formation Level II

25. Identify the following formed elements found in urine sediment and discuss their clinical significance: bacteria, clue cells, fecal contaminants, fibers, hemosiderin, parasites, spermatozoa, starch, Trichomonads, Yeast. Level II

26. List the major causes of abnormal fecal color, consistency and odor. Level I

27. State the primary purpose of the microscopic examination for fecal leukocytes Level I

28. Compare and contrast the following methods for the detection of fecal blood: slide tests, quantitative chemical, immunologic, radiometric. Level II

29. Compare and contrast the following tests for fetal pulmonary maturity: Lecithin/sphingomyelin, phosphatidylglycerol, foam stability, fluorescence polarization Level II

30. Describe the performance of the physical, biochemical and morphological examination of seminal fluid and the results expected from a normal specimen. Level I

31. Describe the performance of physical, biochemical, and morphological examination of amniotic fluid analysis. Level I

32. Differentiate amniotic fluid from urine level I

33. Classify a serous fluid effusion as transudate or exudate based on physical, microscopic and chemical characteristics Level II

34. Integrate the knowledge gained during the course to solve and evaluate clinical cases given the appropriate data. Brief cases will be given in every section

Level III

B. Affective

To show the appropriate responsible behaviors, students will demonstrate:

1. A positive attitude by being prepared for lecute and laboratory sessions completing assigned tasks on time and displaying self-motivation.

2. Organization by utilizing time effectively, sequencing and prioritizing tasks for completion with time constraints and maintaining a neat clean work.

3. Attention to detail by diligently pursuing accuracy and documenting data accurately and legibly.

4. Problem solving ability by explaining purpose of each step in diagnosis, interpretation, procedure, recognizing discrepancies in techniques or procedures and repeating necessary lab tests when necessary.

5. Dependability by following directions, working independently after being given directions.

6. Stability and self-confidence by approaching and performing routine tasks confidently without assistance and maintaining composure.

7. Appropriate interpersonal skills by cooperating and communicating effectively with classmates and instructors and displaying courteous, considerate behavior and appropriate appearance.

8. Ethical behavior and integrity by respecting confidentiality of patient information, complying with professional standards and code of ethics, adhering to safety policies and abiding by all rules and regulations of the institution.

COURSE POLICES:

Academic Dishonesty:

There is a zero tolerance level for academic dishonesty. Absolute honesty and integrity are a critical aspect of your chosen profession. Any student who commits an act of scholastic dishonesty is subject to discipline. Scholastic dishonesty includes, but is not limited to, cheating, plagiarism, collusion, the submission for credit of any work or material that are attributable on whole or in part to another person, taking an examination for another person, any act designed to give unfair advantage to a student or the attempt to commit such acts. Proven violations of the detailed regulations, as printed in the Handbook of Operating Procedures (HOP), and available in the Office of the Dean of Students, may result in sanctions ranging from disciplinary probation, to failing grade on the work in question, to a failing grade in the course, to suspension or dismissal, among others.

Examples of “cheating” include:

• Copying from the homework, in-class work or exam paper of another student, engaging in written, oral, or any other means of communication with another student during an exam or homework assignment, or giving aid to or seeking aid from another student during a test;

• Possession and/or use during an exam or home test of materials which are not authorized by the person giving the test, such as class notes, books, or specifically designed “crib notes”;

• Using, obtaining, or attempting to obtain by any means the whole or any part of non-administered test, test key, homework solution, or computer program; using a test that has been administered in prior classes or semesters but which will be used again either in whole or in part without permission of the instructor; or accessing a test bank without instructor permission;

• Collaborating with or seeking aid from another student for an assignment without authority;

• Substituting for another person, or permitting another person to substitute for one's self, to take a test;

• Falsifying research data, laboratory reports, and/or other records or academic work offered for credit.

 “Plagiarism” means the appropriation, buying, receiving as a gift, or obtaining by any means another's work and the unacknowledged submission or incorporation of it in one's own academic work offered for credit, or using work in a paper or assignment for which the student had received credit in another course without direct permission of all involved instructors. NOTE: This includes cutting-and-pasting and photocopying from on-line and other material.

 “Collusion” means the unauthorized collaboration with another person in preparing academic assignments offered for credit or collaboration with another person to commit a violation of any provision of the rules on scholastic dishonesty.

CELL PHONES/LAP-TOPS: All cell phones must be OFF or IN SILENCE MODE. Computers are allowed just for materials related to class. If a student is caught surfing the web or other unrelated subject/materials, he/she won’t be allowed to bring his/her computer to class again.

ATTENDANCE: Students are expected to attend all lectures. Attendance will be taken at each class. It is responsibility of the student to notify the instructor of any absence. In the case of an emergency or illness, the instructor should be notified as soon as possible. When, however, in the judgment of the instructor, a student has been absent to a degree as to impair his or her status relative to credit for the course, the instructor may drop the student from the class with a W before the course drop deadline or with an F after the course drop deadline. If a student is 10 minutes late this will be recorded as a tardy. Two tardiness make one absence. Habitual tardiness and absences call into question the maturity and interest of the student. Keep these to an absolute minimum to avoid being dropped from the course.

SPECIAL ACCOMODATIONS: If you have a disability and need classroom accommodations, please contact The Center for Accommodations and Support Services (CASS) at 915.747.5148, cass@utep.edu, or visit their office located in UTEP Union East, Room 106. For additional information, visit . CASS’ Staff are the only individuals who can validate and if need be, authorize accommodations for students with disabilities.

INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES

Students must obtain a 75% in order to be in good standing and continue in the CLS Program.

Test Policy: There will be three hourly examinations and pop quizzes. The lecture exams may include short-essay questions. No make ups will be offered. Monthly exams are worth 45%, quizzes 15% and the comprehensive final 35%. If you cannot attend a test for a legitimate reason (death, illness etc.) inform me as soon as possible and we will arrange a time to my schedule. The exam’s date won’t be changed unless absolutely necessary. Students should maintain a 75% or above average to continue in the program. Participation in class is very important. Student contributions and participation will be taken into account for grade determination.

Laboratory

The laboratory portion of this course is competency based. The student must demonstrate their competency to perform the lab at the designated level before they can progress to the next lab. Labs must be written up and the procedures performed within the standard deviation for the procedure and to the satisfaction of the instructor for a pass/fail grade. If they receive a fail grade, the lab must be repeated until the student receives a pass grade. In a competency based program you are either competent to perform the procedure or you are not. No one progresses until they are competent.

Miss Laurencia Almeida will be the laboratory Instructor.

GRADING SCALE: FINAL GRADE CALCULATION:

A 100 - 90% Exams 45%

B 89 - 80% Quizzes 15%

C 79 - 75 % Student participation 5%

Final 35%

D 74.9 – 70%

F 69 or below

Exam Schedule: WEDNESDAYS

Exam #1 September 21

Exam #2 October 12

Exam #3 November 2

Some hints on how to succeed in this course

HOW TO UNDERSTAND LECTURES

• Take notes in class

• Make notes after class

o Clarify

▪ Anything missing?

▪ Anything confusing?

▪ Can you make connections?

SUMMARIZE

HOW TO STUDY FOR TESTS

1. Self-quiz after lecture

a. Write quiz questions

b. Gather questions from other sources

2. Self-test before exams

a. Compile questions

b. Simulate test conditions

[pic]

It is essential to develop good study skills in order to succeed in any course you take.

Good study skills not only save you time and energy, but also help you learn more effectively. I am listing 4 study skills that will promote your learning

( Self-management

( Making good notes

( Reading to learn

( Studying with others

Self-management techniques

“If you don’t know where you’re going you could wind up someplace else” Yogi Berra

It is critical that you will manage your time wisely. Organize yourself by planning a schedule. In this schedule you may want to record time for reading, reviewing and studying for tests. Adjust your schedule as the course progresses. Pace the course workload evenly. Use a study location free of distractions and review periodically.

Making useful notes

Identify new ideas, summarize main ideas from lecture or text, create outlines, flow charts, trees, concepts; underline selectively and rewrite your notes.

Reading to learn

Determine your purpose for reading; preview the text (titles, summaries, diagrams); turn titles and headings into questions; read for main ideas; re-read, visualize, relate; review.

Study with others

Study in groups is one of the best ways of learning. Review the subject, formulate questions and discuss main ideas. Test each other for knowledge. Explain what you have learned to others. If you can explain clearly the material you’ve learned then you can be sure you know your material well.

Fall 2016 Academic Calendar

Aug 22nd Fall classes begin

Aug 22-25 Late registration

Sept 5th Labor Day Holiday – University closed

Sept 7th Fall Census Day

Oct 28th Fall Drop/Withdrawal Deadline

Nov 24-25 Thanksgiving Holiday – University closed

Dec 1st Fall-last class day

Dec 2nd Fall Dead Day

Dec 5-9 Fall Final Exams

Dec 26th Winter Holiday – University

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Earning a D in a CLS course is not acceptable and the student will be withdrawn from the CLS Program

Tentative Course Schedule

August

22 Introduction to body Fluids

24 Safety, QC and QA Chpt 2

29 Microscopy /Specimens types Chpt 1, Chpt 3

31 The Kidney Chpt 4

September

5 Labor day (no class)

7 The Kidney

12 Renal Function Chpt 5

14 Renal Function

19 Physical Exam of Urine Chpt 6

21 Exam I

26 Physical Exam of Urine

28 Chemical Exam of Urine Chpt 7

October

3 Chemical Exam of Urine

5 Chemical Exam of urine

10 Microscopic Exam of Urine Chpt 8

12 Exam II

17 Microscopic Exam of Urine

19 Microscopic Exam of Urine

24 Metabolic Diseases Chpt 9

26 Metabolic Diseases

31 Fecal Analysis Chpt 10

19 Renal and Metabolic Diseases

21 Metabolic diseases

26 Metabolic Diseases

28 Fecal Analysis

fall 2016

Body Fluids

November

2 Exam III

7 Seminal Fluid Analysis Chpt 11

9 Amniotic Fluid Analysis Chpt 12

14 Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis Chpt 13

16 Synovial Fluid Analysis Chpt 14

23 Pleural, peritoneal fluids & pericardial Chpt 15

28 Vaginal secretions Chpt 16

30 General Review

December

6 Final Exam TBA

fall 2004

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