Chapter 2 Review Sheet



Matter Review

1. Classify the following materials as heterogeneous mixtures, homogeneous mixtures, compounds, or elements.

a. ink _homogeneous e. ethanol _compound_

b. salt _compound___ f. air _homogeneous_

c. milkshake _heterogeneous g. plutonium _element_

d. coca-cola _heterogeneous h. pond water _heterogeneous_

2. Classify each as heterogeneous mixtures or homogeneous mixtures.

a. stirred paint _homogeneous f. pizza sauce _heterogeneous

b. granite _heterogeneous g. rocky road ice cream _heterogeneous

c. gasoline _homogeneous h. chunky peanut butter _heterogeneous

d. multivitamin _heterogeneous i. diamond _homogeneous

e. kool-aid _homogeneous j. Spanish omelet _heterogeneous

3. Classify the following properties as chemical or physical.

a. malleable _physical_____ d. reacts with air _chemical_____

b. odor _physical_____ e. stability _chemical_____

c. expansion _physical_____ f. ductility _physical_____

4. Classify the following as chemical or physical changes.

a. cloud formation _physical change_____

b. burning of coal _chemical change_____

c. melting silver _physical change_____

d. distilling water _physical change_____

e. subliming of iodine _physical change_____

f. tire losing air _physical change_____

g. explosion of gas _chemical change_____

h. silver tarnishing _chemical change_____

i. scorching a shirt with an iron _chemical change_____

j. drawing copper (making copper into a wire) _physical change_____

5. Consider three 10 gram samples of water: one as ice, one as a liquid, and one as vapor. How do the volumes of these three samples compare with one another? How is this difference in volume related to the physical state involved?

Water as ice has a slightly larger volume than water as liquid. Water as vapor has the largest volume.

For most substances, other than water, the volume of the solid is the smallest and the volume of the gas is the largest. This is because solids are the most dense (or condensed) state of matter, while gasses are the least dense (or spread out) state of matter.

6. Describe how the process of distillation could be used to separate a solution into its component substances.

Distillation separates the components of a solution by boiling the liquid part of the solution, leaving behind dissolved solids. After boiling, the liquids vapor is cooled and condensed back into a liquid in a separate container.

7. Describe the process of filtration.

Filtration is used to separate a liquid-solid heterogeneous mixture by collecting the solid in filter paper, while the liquid passes through the filter paper into a separate container.

8. During a very cold winter, the temperature may remain below the freezing point for extended periods. However, fallen snow can still disappear, even though it cannot melt. This is possible because a solid can vaporize directly, without passing through the liquid state. Is this process (sublimation) a physical or chemical change?

Physical change

9. In gaseous substances, the individual molecules are relatively close / far apart (circle one) and are moving freely, rapidly, and randomly.

10. The fact that the substance copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate is bright blue is an example of a __physical__ property.

11. The fact that the substance copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate combines with ammonia in solution to form a new compound is an example of a __chemical__ property.

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