AP Biology - College Board

PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT

AP? Biology

Cell-to-Cell Communication-- Cell Signaling

Special Focus

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Contents

1. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Julia Kay Christensen Eichman

2. Introductory Lab: Cell-to-Cell. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Julia Kay Christensen Eichman

3. Cell Linkages: Integrins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Elizabeth A. Cowles

4. AP? Biology Free-Response Questions and Scoring Rubrics . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Julia Kay Christensen Eichman 5. Additional Web Resources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Carolyn Schofield Bronston 6. About the Editor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 7. About the Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

iii

Introduction

Julia Kay Christensen Eichman Missouri Southern State University Joplin, Missouri

Cell-to-cell communication, or signaling, is an important part of understanding cell functions as well as system functions. There are several types of signaling, such as neurotransmitters that are recognized in the synapse, antigens triggering antibody responses, and target cells responding to specific hormones. This project provides more information about the signaling process using integrins as the mechanism.

The document opens with a very effective introductory lab focused on cellto-cell communication. Following this lab, author Elizabeth Cowles elaborates on cell linkages and integrins in an attempt to offer students and teachers additional background information and practical applications.

These materials also include appropriate AP Biology Exam free-response questions and their rubrics from previous years, as well as informative and interactive Web sites. These resources provide teachers with additional information regarding cell communication as well as animated examples of other types of signaling. If access allows, teachers may use the activities and information presented on these Web sites to introduce, develop, and reinforce concepts associated with cell communication. Likewise, teachers may use the free-response questions to not only reinforce the concepts embedded within cell communication, but also to aid in the understanding of this communication. These questions also serve to test students' analytical and reasoning skills while reflecting appropriate lab experiences they should possess.

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