Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION TO DATA COMMUNICATIONS



Chapter 1: Introduction to Data Communications

Acctg 420 students: I will pick 10 of these questions for Quiz #2:

1. An information society is dominated by:

a. capital and natural resources

b. computers, communications, highly skilled individuals

c. unions and transportation

d. farmers and agriculture

e. labor and management

2. The value of a current high speed data communication network is that it:

a. can handle or process all the quantities of information it receives

b. brings the message sender and receiver closer together in time

c. increases the information lag

d. can be used primarily for batch processing

e. can tie ‘dumb’ terminals to a central mainframe

3. The definition of an RBOC, as established in 1984, was:

a. a long distance carrier such as MCI or Sprint

b. a governmental agency that monitored competition in the telephone industry

c. one of the seven operating companies which initially could only offer local telephone service and which were formed by the consent decree of 1984

d. a company whose primary purpose was to provide Internet service

e. an inter-exchange carrier

4. In February of 1996, the U.S. Congress:

a. provided legislation pertaining to the Caterfone decision

b. handed down the consent decree for AT&T

c. enacted the Telecommunications Competition and Deregulation Act

d. provided legislation that permitted MCI to provide limited long distance service in the U.S.

e. divided AT&T into two parts: one part for long distance service, and a second part, comprised of seven operating companies, for local telephone service

5. Which of the following statements about the U.S. telephone marketplace is not true, as of the Telecommunications Act of 1996?

a. The local telephone industry in the U.S. became a highly regulated monopoly.

b. The competition in the long distance telephone market has increased.

c. Local telephone service is open for competition.

d. RBOCs are now permitted to provide long distance service outside the regions in which they provide local telephone services.

e. U.S. companies can provide local telephone service in Canada.

6. Modern (1990s and beyond) data communication networks are characterized by:

a. online terminals for batch processing

b. isolated (stand-alone) microcomputers

c. batch I/O devices

d. distributed databases

e. decks of punch cards

7. Which of the following is not a possible basic hardware component for a data communication network?

a. a server

b. an email message

c. a client computer or terminal

d. a circuit

e. a host computer

8. A server computer:

a. is the input/output device at one end of a communication circuit

b. is the pathway through which messages travel

c. is a special device that connects two or more networks

d. is always a mainframe computer

e. is a computer that stores data or software that can be accessed by client computers

9. A print server:

a. stores documents and graphics that can be accessed from a web browser

b. stores data and software that can be used by computers on the network

c. manages all printing requests from the clients on the network

d. is a copper wire or fiber optic pathway

e. converts digital data into analog signals which can be transmitted across telephone lines

10. A local area network is:

a. A group of microcomputers or terminals located in the same general area and connected by a common cable (communication circuit) so they can exchange information.

b. A large central network that connects almost everything on a single company site.

c. A network spanning a geographical area that usually encompasses a city or county area.

d. A network spanning a large geographical area.

e. A network comprised of a mainframe and dumb terminals.

11. A backbone network is:

a. A group of microcomputers or terminals located in the same general area and connected by a common cable (communication circuit so they can exchange information.

b. A network comprised of a mainframe and dumb terminals.

c. A large central network that connects almost everything on a single company site.

d. A network spanning a geographical area that usually encompasses a city or county area.

e. A network spanning a large geographical area using only common carriers.

12. A metropolitan area network is:

a. A network comprised of a mainframe and dumb terminals.

b. A group of microcomputers or terminals located in the same general area and connected by a common cable (communication circuit) so they can exchange information.

c. A large central network that connects almost everything on a single company site.

d. A network spanning a geographical area that usually encompasses a city or county area.

e. A network spanning a large geographical area using only common carriers.

13. A wide area network is:

a. A group of microcomputers or terminals located in the same general area and connected by a common cable (communication circuit) so they can exchange information.

b. A large central network that connects almost everything on a single company site.

c. A network spanning a geographical area that usually encompasses a city or county area.

d. A network spanning a large geographical area, over 30 miles.

e. A network comprised of a mainframe and dumb terminals.

14. The network model used in the textbook to describe and analyze data communication networks has ____ layers.

a. 2

b. 4

c. 7

d. 10

e. 12

15. The software used by the network user is located in the:

a. resident layer

b. application layer

c. network layer

d. data communication layer

e. physical layer

16. Which of the following is not a function of the network layer?

a. defining what messages are sent over the network

b. translating the destination of the message into an address understood by the network

c. deciding which route the message should take

d. breaking long messages into several smaller messages

e. none of the above are appropriate answers

17. Which of the following is not a function of the data link layer?

a. deciding when to transmit messages over the media

b. specifying the type of connection, and the electrical signals, radio waves, or light pulses that pass through it

c. formatting the message by indicating where messages start and end, and which part is the address

d. detecting and correcting any errors that have occurred in the transmission of the message

e. controlling the physical layer by determining when to transmit

18. Which of the following is a type of network application software?

a. Web browser

b. router

c. gateway

d. hub

e. fiber optic cable

19. Which of the following is a type of signal that is sent through a circuit in the physical layer?

a. geo-thermal

b. light

c. smoke

d. seismic

e. body language

20. The primary reason for networking standards is to:

a. ensure that hardware and software produced by different vendors can work together

b. make it more difficult to develop hardware and software that link different networks

c. ensure that all network components of a particular network can be provided by only one vendor

d. lock customers into buying network components from one vendor

e. simplify cost accounting for networks

21. Which of the following is not true about formal standards?

a. They can take several years to develop.

b. They can be developed by an official industry body.

c. One example exists for network layer software (TCP/IP).

d. They are always developed before de facto standards.

e. They can be developed by a government body.

22. Which of the following is not true about de facto standards?

a. They tend not to be developed by an official industry or government body

b. They never evolve into formal standards

c. They are those that standards that emerge in the marketplace

d. They are generally supported by more than one vendor

e. They tend to emerge based upon the needs/response of the marketplace

23. Which of the following is a stage of the formal standardization process?

a. implementation

b. identification of choices

c. post-implementation review

d. analysis

e. testing

24. Which of the following is not true about ISO:

a. It is based in Geneva, Switzerland

b. It is an acronym for title of the organization, International Organization for Standardization, per the original language (French) used for the organization’s title

c. It is one of the most important standards-making bodies

d. It was formerly called the Consultative Committee on International Telegraph and Telephone

e. It makes technical recommendations about data communications interfaces

25. Which of the following is not true about ITU-T:

a. It is the technical standards-setting organization of the United Nations International Telecommunications Union

b. It was formerly called the CCITT

c. It is based in Geneva, Switzerland

d. Its membership is limited to U.S. telephone companies

e. Its membership is comprised of over 150 representatives

26. Which of the following is not a member of ITU-T?

a. PTTs

b. private telecommunications agencies

c. the U.S. Supreme Court

d. RBOCs

e. scientific organizations

27. The American National Standards Institute:

a. is a professional society in the U.S. whose standards committees focus on local area network standards

b. sets the standards that govern how much of the Internet will operate

c. is an agency that develops federal information processing standards for the federal government

d. is the coordinating organization for the United States’ national system of standards

e. makes technical recommendations about global telephone rates

28. Which of the following is not an important future trend in communication and networking?

a. pervasive networking

b. integration of voice, video, and data

c. all computers will be networked to other computers

d. using the same network for data, voice, and video

e. developing online batch systems

29. Pervasive networking means that:

a. the cost of computers will be higher in the future

b. virtually all computers will be networked in some way to other computers

c. the four-layer network model will be used to design all networks

d. common carriers must sell their services to all individuals

e. cable companies will offer more than 150 network selections for viewers

30. Which of the following is not a potential advantage for a telecommuter?

a. higher quality of life

b. more time driving to work

c. lower expenses for commuting

d. less stress

e. lower expenses for clothing

31. EDI is:

a. Electronic Data Interchange, the paperless transmission between companies of orders, invoices, and other business documents

b. Electric Data Image, the wiring of buildings for electricity, data communications, voice communications, image processing

c. Electronic Document Interfacing, the automatic storage and forwarding of documents via facsimile machines

d. Email Distribution Interchange, a new standard for email

e. none of these

32. As we enter the next century, we are moving from the ___________ era to the information era in which ____________ is the single most valuable resource of an enterprise.

a. capital/labor, management

b. manufacturing/management, information

c. transportation/distribution, capital

d. batch processing, transaction processing

e. agricultural, management

33. The study of data communications provides an:

a. understanding of hardware, software, and transmission facility alternatives

b. ability to make informed decisions among the alternatives and to integrate these decisions into a cohesive network design

c. understanding of how to remain informed about changing technology

d. understanding of the changing regulatory environment affecting the domestic and foreign telephone marketplace

e. all of these

34. Which of the following is not an objective of data communications networks?

a. to reduce the time, effort, and cost required to perform various business tasks

b. to capture business data at its source and rapidly distribute it

c. to support improved management control, such as inventory control, of the organization

d. to provide the COBOL programming ‘fix’ for the Year 2000 problem

e. to support the ‘office of the future’ that can interconnects microcomputers, mainframe computers, FAX machines, teleconferencing equipment, and other equipment

35. Which of the following business organizations would not benefit from the use of data communications?

a. organizations using large numbers of microcomputers

b. organizations having a high volume of mail and messenger service or numerous telephone calls between their various sites

c. organizations with repetitive paperwork operations, such as re-creating or copying information

d. organizations, such as Wal-Mart, with strong value chain ties to suppliers and customers

e. all of these

36. Today, people with three or four years of experience in data communications make annual salaries of: Ignore this one folks!

a. $20,000 to $30,000

b. $25,000 to $45,000

c. $55,000 to $75,000

d. $60,000 to $100,000

e. $70,000 to $120,000

37. Which of the following has not contributed directly to the growing demand for networking expertise?

a. the invention of the mouse as an input device for the computer

b. the growth of use of the Internet and the World Wide Web

c. the deregulation of the telephone industry

d. the wide variety of hardware innovations that have changed the nature of networking

e. the wide variety of software innovations that have changed the nature of networking

38. Which of the following magazines would not be useful in the study of data communications?

a. Communications Week

b. LAN Times

c. Network Computing

d. Datamation

e. all of the above would be useful

39. Which of the following is one of the largest inter-exchange carriers (IXCs) in North America?

a. ITU-T

b. Sprint

c. ISO

d. CCITT

e. PTT

40. The lack of a sophisticated wide area network was one of the key factors in the bankruptcy of:

a. Microsoft

b. Macy’s

c. Wal-Mart

d. IBM

e. General Motors

41. An interexchange, or common, carrier provides:

a. communication circuits to individual subscribers and businesses for a fee

b. satellite communication services for city, state, federal, and local government only

c. communications circuits to the FCC only

d. Internet service via wireless local area networks only

e. cellular telephone service to ISO only

Chapter 2: Network Applications

1. Since there is no central administration for the Internet, each network on the Internet has its own administrative structure, and has its own ___________ that define what behavior is permitted on its network.

a. acceptable use policies

b. commercial traffic sites

c. BITNET server administrators

d. TCP/IP protocols

e. ARPANET network managers

2. The general format of an Internet address is:

a. puter

b. computer.edu

c. computer.domain

d.

e.

3. Internet application software privately used by organizations which support selected users outside that organization are called:

a. extranets

b. telnets

c. internets

d. intranets

e. groupnets

4. The World Wide Web was developed by:

a. Tim Berners-Lee at the European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN) in 1990

b. Vinton Cerf, for U.S. Department of Defense in 1969 as a network of four computers called ARPANET

c. Howard Flieshman of IBM in 1982 as part of the development of the IBM PC

d. Microsoft in 1994 as part of the Windows 95 project

e. the University of Minnesota as an extension of Gopher

5. The first graphical Web browser was called:

a. Navigator

b. Explorer

c. Mosaic

d. Netscape

e. Gopher

6. To interact with the World Wide Web, a client computer needs an application layer software package called a:

a. Web server

b. Telnet package

c. Router package

d. Web browser

e. Uniform Resource Locator package

7. The acronym, URL, stands for:

a. Uniform Resource Locator

b. Unknown Resource Locator

c. Unknown Router Location

d. Uniform Router Location

e. Uniform Resource Library

8. Which of the following include all the required and optional parts of an HTTP request?

a. request address, request header, request body

b. request line, request body

c. request line, request header, request body

d. request address, request body

e. request line, request header

9. Which of the following include all the required and optional parts of an HTTP response?

a. response address, response header

b. response address, response header, response body

c. response status, response body

d. response status, response header

e. response status, response header, response body

10. The acronym, HTML, refers to:

a. Hypertext Markup Locator

b. Hypertext Markup Language

c. Header Markup Language

d. Hypertext Modulating Language

e. Hypertext Markup Library

11. The problem with information on the Web is:

a. there is a substantial charge for any valuable information

b. the information is often too little and too late

c. trying to find it

d. the information is often classified or secret

e. that it is often out of date because it was last updated about 5 years ago

12. Which of the following is not a Web search or metasearch engine?

a. AltaVista

b. Yahoo

c. Excite

d. Lotus Notes

e. Metacrawler

13. Which of the following is not an advantage of email?

a. It is generally faster than snail-mail.

b. It usually takes days for an email message to be delivered to the recipient.

c. It is cheaper than regular mail.

d. It helps people avoid telephone tag.

e. It is very effective for multi-national organizations whose employees work across different time zones.

14. Which of the following is a commonly used email standard?

a. ISDN

b. X.400

c. X.25

d. ADSL

e. ATM

15. To send an email message across the Internet, a client computer needs to use an application layer software package called a:

a. router agent

b. Webcast package

c. message transfer agent

d. gateway agent

e. user agent

16. Which of the following is not a user agent package?

a. Netscape Communicator

b. Lotus cc:Mail

c. Microsoft Access

d. Microsoft Mail

e. Eudora

17. The acronym, SMTP, stands for:

a. Standard Mail Transport Protocol

b. Simple Mail Transport Package

c. Simple Mux Transfer Protocol

d. Standard Mail Transport Package

e. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

18. Post Office Protocol (POP):

a. covers message transmission between message transfer agents (mail server to mail server)

b. is exactly the same as SMTP

c. is a standard that defines how user agents operate

d. is a standard for non-text files that can operate with SMTP

e. is a set of seven standards that define how email is to be processed by user agents and mail transfer agents

19. X.500:

a. is a directory service standard for X.400 mail users

b. is a set of seven standards that define how email is to be processed by user agents and mail transfer agents

c. is a standard that defines how user agents operate

d. is a standard for non-text files that can operate with SMTP

e. is a universal, formally standardized email directory

20. LDAP, or Lightweight Directory Access Protocol:

a. is complicated and large

b. is not a subset of X.500

c. is becoming the de facto primary Internet standard for email directory services because it has been adopted by several vendors, such as Netscape

d. contains all important user features

e. is a groupware product

21. Which of the following is not true about File Transfer Protocol (FTP)?

a. There are two types of FTP sites: closed and anonymous.

b. The most common type of FTP site is an anonymous FTP site.

c. FTP requires an application layer program on a client computer and an FTP server application program on a server.

d. It is very difficult for someone to set up an FTP server

e. An FTP server permits anyone on the Internet to login and send and receive files.

22. Which of the following is not true about Telnet?

a. It enables you to access your server or host computer without sitting at its keyboard.

b. Many network managers use Telnet to work on servers.

c. There are no security issues with respect to Telnet.

d. Telnet permits users on one computer to login into other computers on the Internet.

e. One program that conforms to the Telnet standard is EWAN.

23. Groupware can enable people in different places to communicate ____________ or _____________.

a. online, off-line

b. by telephone, by telegraph

c. at the same time, at different times

d. with high chance for errors, with high chance for misunderstandings

e. none of the above

24. Which of the following is not a popular type of groupware?

a. discussion groups

b. spreadsheets, such as Microsoft Excel

c. document-based groupware, such as Lotus Notes

d. videoconferencing

e. group support systems

25. The set of rules or generally accepted user behavior for the Internet is called:

a. netiquette (net etiquette)

b. GAUB

c. rule-based search engines

d. listserv group

e. Internet Rules of Order

26. If you had to use a computer network to organize a discussion among a formally organized group of users, what type of groupware would you be using

a. mailer subscription

b. email distribution list

c. USENET newsgroup

d. listserv

e. global list

27. If you could use a computer network to process insurance claims that required individuals from several different parts of the insurance company to work together to process them, which of the following packages would you recommend installing?

a. Microsoft Excel

b. Novell WordPerfect

c. Lotus Notes or Lotus Domino

d. Microsoft Windows ’98

e. Microsoft Word for Windows

28. Which of the following packages is designed to compete directly with Lotus Notes?

a. Microsoft Excel

b. Microsoft Exchange

c. Microsoft Access

d. Microsoft Windows ’98

e. Microsoft PowerPoint

29. A limitation on email and Lotus Notes is that:

a. neither is very well suited to support the needs of groups working together at the same time in the same room.

b. neither is very well suited to support the needs of individuals working at the same time in different rooms.

c. neither is very well suited to support the needs of individuals working at different times in different rooms.

d. neither is very well suited to provide simple tools such as text exchange for helping groups exchange information

e. all of the above are limitations

30. Meetings that are use GSS require:

a. online batch systems

b. special purpose GSS software

c. inventory control systems

d. asymmetric control systems

e. multistation access systems

31. GSS use computers to type ideas and information because:

a. typing is always faster than talking

b. typing is better for small groups of 2 - 3 people because it makes the process more interpersonal

c. typing ideas is faster than talking for large groups because only one person can speak at one time

d. typing on computers does not preserve anonymity, which is not important in group decision-making

e. typing on computers makes people feel important

32. Which of the following is not an advantage of GSS?

a. GSS products from different vendors are all compatible because they all adhere to rigorous standards.

b. GSS enable comments to be made anonymously.

c. GSS provide tools to support ranking of alternatives, so that more structured decision making processes can be used.

d. GSS can reduce the amount of time to make decisions by 50-80 percent

e. GSS provide tools to support voting on alternatives, so that more structured decision making processes can be used.

33. _____________ provides real-time transmission of video and audio signals to enable people in two or more locations to have a meeting.

a. Multistation Access Units

b. Videoconferencing

c. World Wide Access Transfer (WWAT)

d. Integrated Service Data Transmission (ISDT)

e. Synchronous Transfer Mode (STM)

34. The most common complaint about videoconferencing is:

a. participants do not have to travel to a meeting

b. meetings are too long

c. the quality of the audio is poor

d. the quality of the video is poor

e. few organizations are currently using it

35. USENET newsgroups:

a. contain news about the topic, normally from one or more of the commercial new services

b. are a series of discussions about the topic

c. are a set of huge bulletin boards to which anyone who wishes can read and post messages

d. both b and c

e. none of the above

36. A general format for a listserv processor address is:

a. ic

b.

c. listserv@computer.domain

d. page:network.server

e. ##listserv

37. A _____________ is simply a mailing list that has two parts, a processor and a mailer.

a. USENET

b. listserv

c. Gopher

d. FTP

e. TELNET

38. To get a list of listservs:

a. call the Internet Society at 1-800-INTERNT and request the current list of listservs

b. login on home page

c. email to any listserv with the message: list global

d. check the quarterly Internet issue of BYTE Magazine for the current list of listservs

e. snail mail to any listserv with the message: help listserv

39. One major problem with using FTP is:

a. there is a substantial charge for any worthwhile files you want to transfer

b. the files you want to transfer are often in compressed form for which you don’t have the right decompression program

c. using the FTP keyboard

d. the files are often in capital letters only

e. the files are often in small font only

40. An effective tool to do key word searches on a variety of publicly accessible databases on the Internet is:

a. a search engine, such as Yahoo

b. FAQ

c. SUBSCRIBE

d. TELNET

e. SESSION

41. Which of the following statements about HTML is correct?

a. HTML is fairly easy to learn.

b. HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language.

c. HTML also permits the author to find links to other pages that may be stored on the same WWW server, or on any WWW server anywhere on the Internet.

d. You can develop your own Web page using HTML.

e. all of the above

42. A web crawler is:

a. a type of Internet virus that consumes WWW pages

b. a bug or error in the HTML description of a home page that makes the text of a page appear to be “crawling” cross the screen

c. a tool that searches through all the WWW servers it knows to find information about a particular topic

d. a series of text files used to define different typestyles and size for the text, titles and heading, and a variety of other formatting information displayed by a WWW server

e. a type of videoconferencing that can be used on the Web

43. Which of the following is an online service?

a. America Online

b. Multistation Access Unit

c. Microsoft Excel

d. ATM

e. ADSL

44. Which of the following is not a major way in which the Web can be used to support electronic commerce?

a. electronic spreadsheets

b. electronic marketing

c. information/entertainment provider

d. customer service

e. electronic store

45. An electronic store:

a. is never operated by an existing catalogue companies such as Land’s End because business generated from the Web would cannibalize business generated from the printed catalogue

b. has much higher overhead than traditional stores

c. have higher shipping costs because purchases are shipped to individual customers

d. can only provide static, not dynamic, information

e. has no issues with respect to security over transactions or verifying transactions

46. An electronic marketing site:

a. is the least common type of electronic commerce

b. is a poor way to provide product information

c. is more expensive than traditional print or TV marketing

d. can be customized for a potential customer because the Web is interactive

e. is an extremely expensive way to send the information to customers

47. Information/entertainment providers:

a. are exactly the same as electronic stores

b. provide physical goods and services

c. always focus on the products and services of one company to increase sales of that company

d. do not include search engines such as Yahoo

e. generate revenue by selling advertising

48. A customer service site:

a. provides a variety of information for customers after they have purchased a product or service

b. is not being used by large companies such as Federal Express

c. cannot provide order tracking systems

d. provides benefits only to the company, not to the customer

e. often increases the number of customer service staff needed by a company

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