Belle Vernon Area School District / Overview



CH 12 Cardiovascular Test Key?? Part I Multiple Choice 1.?The right side of the heart forces blood to flow??a.?to the body.B.?to the lungs.c.?through the systemic circulation.d.?both to the body and through the systemic circulation.e.?both to the lungs and through the systemic circulation.?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 012 Heart... #1Type: Knowledge?2.?The pericardium, or pericardial sac??a.?is a double-layered, closed structure.b.?anchors the heart in the mediastinum.c.?has a tough fibrous connective tissue outer layer.d.?has an inner layer of squamous epithelial cells.E.?has all of these characteristics.?Difficulty: ModerateSeeley - 012 Heart... #4Type: Knowledge?3.?Which of these is NOT one of the large veins carrying blood to the heart???a.?superior vena cavab.?inferior vena cavaC.?pulmonary trunkd.?pulmonary veine.?coronary sinus?Difficulty: ModerateSeeley - 012 Heart... #6Type: Comprehension?4.?The blood vessels that supply blood to the heart tissue are the??a.?pulmonary veins.B.?coronary arteries.c.?coronary sinuses.d.?pulmonary trunks.e.?venae cavae.?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 012 Heart... #8Type: Knowledge?5.?Which of these valves is found between the right atrium and the right ventricle???A.?tricuspid valveb.?bicuspid (mitral) valvec.?aortic semilunar valved.?pulmonary semilunar valvee.?interventricular septum?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 012 Heart... #12Type: Knowledge?6.?Papillary muscles are attached to the cusps of valves by thin, strong connective tissue strings called??A.?the chordae tendineae.b.?the interventricular septa.c.?the auricles.d.?the interventricular sulcus.e.?the coronary sinus.?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 012 Heart... #13Type: Knowledge?7.?In a normal heart, when the right ventricle contracts, it forces blood through the??a.?tricuspid valve.b.?bicuspid valve.c.?aortic semilunar valve.D.?pulmonary semilunar valve.?Difficulty: ModerateSeeley - 012 Heart... #15Type: Comprehension?8.?Which of these statements concerning the normal pathway of blood flow is NOT correct???a.?from the pulmonary arteries to the lungsB.?from the pulmonary veins to the right atriumc.?from the aorta to all parts of body except lungsd.?from the coronary sinus to the right atriume.?Neither from the pulmonary veins to the right atrium nor from the coronary sinus to the right atrium are correct.?Difficulty: ModerateSeeley - 012 Heart... #16Type: Comprehension?9.?The layer of the heart wall that is the visceral pericardium is also called the??a.?endocardium.b.?myocardium.C.?epicardium.d.?chordae tendineae.e.?mediastinum.?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 012 Heart... #17Type: Knowledge?10.?The thick middle layer of the heart, composed of cardiac muscle, is the??a.?endocardium.B.?myocardium.c.?epicardium.d.?chordae tendineae.?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 012 Heart... #18Type: Knowledge?11.?Which of these statements concerning the conduction system of the heart are true???A.?The sinoatrial (SA) node of the heart acts as the pacemaker.b.?The SA node is located on the upper wall of the left atrium.c.?The AV node conducts action potentials rapidly through it.d.?Action potentials are carried slowly through the atrioventricular bundle.e.?Both the sinoatrial (SA) node of the heart acts as the pacemaker and the SA node is located on the upper wall of the left atrium are true.?Difficulty: ModerateSeeley - 012 Heart... #21Type: Knowledge?12.?Given these structures: 1) AV node2) atrioventricular bundle3) bundle branches4) Purkinje fibersArrange these parts of the conduction system of the heart in the correct order, as an action potential would pass through them.??A.?1, 2, 3, 4b.?1, 3, 2, 4c.?1, 4, 2, 3d.?2, 1, 3, 4e.?3, 1, 2, 4?Difficulty: ModerateSeeley - 012 Heart... #22Type: Comprehension?13.?In a normal electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG),??a.?the P wave results from repolarization of the atria.b.?the QRS complex results from depolarization of the ventricles.c.?the T wave represents repolarization of the ventricles.d.?during the P-R interval, the ventricles contract.E.?Both the QRS complex results from depolarization of the ventricles and the T wave represents repolarization of the ventricles are correct relationships.?Difficulty: ModerateSeeley - 012 Heart... #23Type: Knowledge?14.?Concerning heart sounds,??a.?the first heart sound occurs at the beginning of atrial systole.B.?a heart murmur is caused by abnormal sounds associated with leaky or incompetent valves.c.?the first heart sound is the sound of the semilunar valves closing.d.?the second heart sound is the sound of the blood flowing back into the heart.e.?the first heart sound is the sound of the atrioventricular valves opening.?Difficulty: ModerateSeeley - 012 Heart... #26Type: Knowledge?15.?Cardiac output is equal to??a.?the volume of blood pumped by either ventricle during one second.b.?the stroke volume times the number of beats per hour.c.?the volume of blood in the body times the number of beats per minute.D.?the stroke volume times the beats per minute.e.?the volume of blood in the body divided by the stroke volume.?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 012 Heart... #27Type: Knowledge?16.?Which of these factors would cause a decrease in cardiac output???a.?increased body temperatureb.?increased venous returnC.?clinical depressiond.?increased epinephrine secretione.?decreased blood pH?Difficulty: ModerateSeeley - 012 Heart... #32Type: Comprehension?17.?The cardioregulatory center of the brain is located in the??a.?hypothalamus.B.?medulla oblongata.c.?cerebrum.d.?cerebellum.e.?thalamus.?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 012 Heart... #35Type: Knowledge?18.?When blood pressure increases, a number of events occur that return blood pressure to normal. Which of the following is NOT one of the events that occurs after an increase in blood pressure???a.?Baroreceptors in the aorta and internal carotid arteries are stimulated.b.?Increased action potential frequency to the cardioregulatory center of the brain occurs.C.?Increased sympathetic stimulation of the heart occurs.d.?Heart rate and stroke volume decrease.e.?Blood pressure decreases.?Difficulty: HardSeeley - 012 Heart... #36Type: Application?19.?The bicuspid (mitral) valve??a.?is the location of the pacemaker cells of a normal heart.b.?prevents blood flow from the right ventricle to the right atrium.C.?prevents blood flow from the left ventricle to the left atrium.d.?prevents blood flow from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle.e.?prevents blood flow from the aorta to the left ventricle.?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 012 Heart... #41Type: Knowledge?20.?The aortic semilunar valve??a.?is the location of the pacemaker cells of a normal heart.b.?prevents blood flow from the right ventricle to the right atrium.c.?prevents blood flow from the left ventricle to the left atrium.d.?prevents blood flow from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle.E.?prevents blood flow from the aorta to the left ventricle.?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 012 Heart... #42Type: Knowledge?21.?The pulmonary semilunar valve??a.?is the location of the pacemaker cells of a normal heart.b.?prevents blood flow from the right ventricle to the right atrium.c.?prevents blood flow from the left ventricle to the left atrium.D.?prevents blood flow from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle.e.?prevents blood flow from the aorta to the left ventricle.?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 012 Heart... #43Type: Knowledge?22.?The right atrium??A.?is the location of the pacemaker cells of a normal heart.b.?prevents blood flow from the right ventricle to the right atrium.c.?prevents blood flow from the left ventricle to the left atrium.d.?prevents blood flow from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle.e.?prevents blood flow from the aorta to the left ventricle.?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 012 Heart... #44Type: Knowledge?23.?The tricuspid valve??a.?is the location of the pacemaker cells of a normal heart.B.?prevents blood flow from the right ventricle to the right atrium.c.?prevents blood flow from the left ventricle to the left atrium.d.?prevents blood flow from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle.e.?prevents blood flow from the aorta to the left ventricle.?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 012 Heart... #45Type: Knowledge?24.?Repolarization of the ventricles is shown as the ___________ on an EKG.??a.?P waveb.?P-Q (or P-R) intervalc.?QRS complexd.?Q-T intervalE.?T wave?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 012 Heart... #46Type: Knowledge?25.?Depolarization of the atria is shown as the ______________ on an EKG.??A.?P waveb.?P-Q (or P-R) intervalc.?QRS complexd.?Q-T intervale.?T wave?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 012 Heart... #48Type: Knowledge?26.?Depolarization of the ventricles is shown as the _________________ on an EKG.??a.?P waveb.?P-Q (or P-R) intervalC.?QRS complexd.?Q-T intervale.?T wave?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 012 Heart... #49Type: Knowledge?27.?Repolarization of the atria occurs during the __________ on an EKG.??a.?P waveb.?P-Q (or P-R) intervalC.?QRS complexd.?Q-T intervale.?T wave?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 012 Heart... #51Type: Knowledge?28.?All of the following are functions of the heart EXCEPT:??a.?generation of blood pressureb.?ensures one way flow of bloodC.?generation of the formed elements of the bloodd.?regulates rate and force of blood deliverye.?distributes oxygenated blood to tissues?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 012 Heart... #52Type: Knowledge?29.?Inflammation of the serous pericardium is??a.?angioplasty.b.?angina pectoris.c.?an infarct.D.?pericarditis.e.?cardiac tamponade.?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 012 Heart... #54Type: Knowledge?30.?Melinda suffers from stenosis of the aortic semilunar valve. This will increase the rigidity of the valve making it hard to open. This increases the ________________ therefore ________________ the cardiac output.??A.?afterload; decreasingb.?afterload; increasingc.?preload, decreasingd.?preload, increasinge.?venous return, decreasing?Difficulty: ModerateSeeley - 012 Heart... #60Type: Comprehension?31.?Which of the following will increase as the strength of cardiac muscle contraction increases???a.?preloadb.?stroke volumec.?cardiac outputd.?afterloadE.?Both stroke volume and cardiac output will increase.?Difficulty: MediumSeeley - 012 Heart... #66Type: Knowledge?32.?Venous return??A.?is the amount of blood that returns to the heart from systemic circulation.b.?refers to the amount of blood in the ventricles before systole.c.?is the pressure against which the ventricles must pump blood.d.?is the volume of blood that leaves the heart in one minute.e.?is the volume of blood that leaves the heart in one beat.?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 012 Heart... #68Type: Knowledge?? Part II True or False 33.?If the SA node is unable to function??a.?an ectopic beat may be initiated by another part of the heart.b.?the heart rate will be slower.c.?the AV node will become the pacemaker for the heart.D.?All of these are possible.e.?None of these would occur.?Difficulty: ModerateSeeley - 012 Heart... #72Type: Knowledge?34.?All of the following occur as the cardiovascular system ages EXCEPT:??a.?decrease in cardiac outputb.?hypertrophy of the left ventriclec.?increased afterloadd.?decreased elasticity of heart and aortaE.?increase in the overall resting heart rate?Difficulty: ModerateSeeley - 012 Heart... #74Type: Knowledge?35.? Epinephrine decreases cardiac output by decreasing heart rate. ??FALSE?36.? Some veins carry oxygenated blood. ??TRUE?37.? The cardiac cycle is controlled by the pituitary. ??FALSE?38.? The left ventricle has a thicker wall than the right ventricle. ??TRUE?39.? The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs & pumps it to the entire body. ??TRUE?40.? The apex of the heart is located at the superior end. ??FALSE?? Part III Review 41.?Endocrine glands??a.?include the salivary glands.b.?secrete chemical signals called hormones.c.?secrete their chemical signals into the blood.d.?secrete their products into ducts.E.?both secrete chemical signals called hormones and secrete their chemical signals into the blood.?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 010 Endocrine... #4Type: Knowledge?42.?Hormones??a.?are produced in large quantities by most cells.b.?usually only affect cells close to those that produce the hormone.C.?bind only to cells that have receptors for that specific hormone.d.?are either lipid or polysaccharide molecules.e.?have all of these characteristics.?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 010 Endocrine... #5Type: Knowledge?43.?The pituitary gland??A.?is a small gland that rests in the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone.b.?is also called the hypothalamus.c.?has a superior lobe above the hypothalamus, and an inferior lobe below the hypothalamus.d.?is connected to the optic chiasma by the infundibulum.e.?has all of these characteristics.?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 010 Endocrine... #10Type: Knowledge?44.?Prolactin??a.?helps development of, and production of milk in the breast.b.?causes "milk letdown" from the breasts of lactating women.c.?causes contraction of the muscle of the uterus.d.?stimulates development of sperm cells in males.E.?both causes "milk letdown" from the breasts of lactating women and causes contraction of the muscle of the uterus.?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 010 Endocrine... #16Type: Knowledge?45.?Insulin is secreted in response to??A.?increased blood glucose levels.b.?decreased parasympathetic stimulation.c.?decreased blood levels of amino acids.d.?All of these stimulate insulin secretion.?Difficulty: ModerateSeeley - 010 Endocrine... #31Type: Comprehension?46.?Blood??a.?is a type of epithelial tissue.b.?consists of formed elements and cells.c.?transports waste products to cells.d.?makes up over 50% of the body's weight.E.?has a total volume of approximately 5 liters.?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 011 Blood... #1Type: Knowledge?47.?The major component of plasma is??a.?ions.b.?proteins.C.?water.d.?gases.e.?nutrients.?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 011 Blood... #2Type: Knowledge?48.?The most common formed elements in the blood are??a.?leukocytes (white blood cells).B.?erythrocytes (red blood cells).c.?thrombocytes (platelets).d.?albumins.e.?globulins.?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 011 Blood... #4Type: Knowledge?49.?Erythropoietin??a.?requires vitamin B12 as a cofactor.b.?is produced in the intestines.C.?stimulates red bone marrow to produce more red blood cells.d.?is produced when high blood oxygen levels occur.e.?has all of these properties.?Difficulty: EasySeeley - 011 Blood... #11Type: Knowledge?50.?Given these compounds: 1) fibrin2) fibrinogen3) prothrombin4) thrombinWhich of these sequences represents the most correct order of normal clotting factor activation???a.?1, 2, 3, 4b.?1, 3, 4, 2c.?2, 1, 4, 3d.?2, 1, 3, 4E.?3, 4, 2, 1 ................
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