29.1 Identify the etiology, pathophysiology, and …

Carl Edwards is a 75-year-old patient with congestive heart failure. Having sustained three myocardial infarctions in the last 10 years, he has decreased left ventricular function. Mr. Edwards takes digoxin, captopril (Capoten), carvedilol (Coreg), and furosemide (Lasix) for management of this disease. ................
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