Scientific Tools for Conservation - Getty

Scientific Tools for Conservation

CInofrnasreerdvaStpioenctSrocsiecnocpey in

R.Michele Derrick

Dusan Stulik James M. Landry

TheGetyConservationInstiute LosAngeles

Tevvy Ball, Managing Editor Sylvia Tidwell, Copy Editor Anita Keys, Production Coordinator Hespenheide Design, Designer

Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

? 1999 by the J. Paul Getty Trust

All rights reserved.

Illustration credits: Figures 3.8, 4.27, 4.28, 4.29, 5.16, 5.24, and 6.9: Courtesy of the Journal of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works. Figures 4.20, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.10, 6.14, 6.15, 6.20, 6.21, 6.23, and 6.24: From "Infrared Microspectroscopy in the Analysis of Cultural Artifacts," by Michele R. Derrick, in Practical Guide to Infrared Microspectroscopy, ed. Howard Humecki, pp. 287-322 (New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1995). Reproduced by permission.

The Getty Conservation Institute

The Getty Conservation Institute works internationally to further appreciation and preservation of the world's cultural heritage for the enrichment and use of present and future generations. The Institute is an operating program of the J. Paul Getty Trust.

The Institute's Scientific Tools for Conservation series provides practical scientific procedures and methodologies for the practice of conservation. The series is specifically directed to conservation scientists, conservators, and technical experts in related fields. Previously published in the series is Thin-Layer Chromatography

F. for Binding Media Analysis (1996), by Mary Striegel and Jo Hill.

LibraryofCongres Cataloging-in-PublicationData

Der ick, Michele R., 1955-

I Infrared spectroscopy in conservation science Michele R. Derrick, Dusan

Stulik, James M. Landry.

p. cm.-(Scientific tools for conservation)

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 0-89236-469-6

1. Infrared spectroscopy. 2. Art-Expertising-Methodology Case studies.

I. Stulik, Dusan, 1956-

II. Landry. James M. III. Title. IV. Series.

N8558.2.153D47 1999

7021.8'8-dc21

99-37860

CIP

Contents

1Chapter 2Chapter

3Chapter

vii

Foreword

ix

Preface

xi

Acknowledgments

1 History of Infrared Spectroscopy 3 Additional Reading

4 Infrared Absorption Theory

Electromagnetic Radiation

4

Wave Theory

6 Absorption Theory

8

Molecular Absorptions

Degrees of Freedom

1

Selection Rules

Group Frequencies

12 Infrared Spectra

3 Infrared Regions

1

Near-Infrared Region

3

Mid-Infrared Region

1

Far-Infrared Region

4 Summary

15 Additional Reading

16 Sample Collection and Preparation

Sampling Methodology

17 Sampling Design

9

Sampling Location

20 Sampling Implementation

Tools

1

Sample Documentation and Storage

23

Avoidance of Contamination

4 Sample Collection and Preparation Procedures

2 Gases

5 Liquids

26 Sampling with Swabs

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