AP Government & Politics with Honors Civics/Economics



INTRODUCTION

Our final unit before the Midterm Exam will focus on Civil Liberties and Civil Rights. Though our focus will be on these two chapters from the textbook, the unit will also include a comprehensive analysis of both the Bill of Rights and various Supreme Court cases. Many of the court cases can be found in the Supreme Court Case Workbook on the class website or at the following link: .

COURT CASES

This unit includes a large number of Supreme Court Cases as relates to the material on Civil Rights and Civil Liberties. The unit plan may ask you to print the case studies for class; those cases can be found at the following link: though any cases mentioned in class or the textbook are fair game, the cases that you should emphasize include:

Bethel v. Fraser

Board of Education v. Lindsay Earls

Bowers v. Hardwick

Boy Scouts of America v. Dale

Brown v. Board of Education

Brown v. Board of Education II

California v. Greenwood

Cruzan v. (Director) Missouri (Dept of Health)

Engel v. Vitale

Furman v. Georgia

Gideon v. Wainwright

Gitlow v. New York

Gratz v. Bollinger

Griswold v. Connecticut

Grutter v. Bollinger

Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier

Heart of Atlanta Motel v. US

Korematsu v. US

Lawrence v. Texas

Lemon v. Kurtzman

Loving v. Virginia

Mapp v. Ohio

Miller v. California

Miranda v. Arizona

Missouri ex el Gaines v. Canada

New York Times v. US

NJ v. T.L.O.

Planned Parenthood v. Casey

Plessy v. Ferguson

Regents of the University of California v. Bakke

Reno v. ACLU

Reynolds v. US

Roe v. Wade

Sante Fe Independent School District v. Doe

Schenck v. US

Snyder v. Phelps

Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education

Sweatt v. Painter

Texas v. Johnson

Tinker v. Des Moines

US v. Eichman

US v. O’Brien

Van Orden v. Perry

Virginia v. Black

Wallace v. Jaffree

West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnett

OBJECTIVES

1. Discuss the relationship of the Bill of Rights to the concept of democratic rule of the majority, and give examples of tension between majority rule and minority rights. Explain how the politics of civil liberties may at times become a mass issue, and offer several examples.

2. Describe the conflicts that have arisen between those who claim First Amendment rights and those who are in favor of sedition laws that might restrict freedom of speech. Explain how the Supreme Court attempts to balance competing interests. Describe the various tests that the Court has applied.

3. Explain how the structure of the federal system affects the application of the Bill of Rights. How has the Supreme Court used the Fourteenth Amendment to expand coverage in the federal system? Discuss changing conceptions of the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.

4. List the categories under which the Supreme Court may classify "speech." Explain the distinction between protected and unprotected speech, and name the various forms of expression that are not protected under the First Amendment. Describe the test used by the Court to decide the circumstances under which freedom of expression may be qualified.

5. State what the Supreme Court decided in Miranda v. Arizona, and explain why that case illustrates how the Court operates in most such due process cases.

6. Analyze why the resolution of civil liberties issues involves politics as well as law. Discuss the political factors that influence the Supreme Court when it decides fundamental civil liberties issues.

7. Contrast the experience of economic interest groups with that of black groups in obtaining satisfaction of their interests from the government. Indicate why in most circumstances the black movement involved interest group rather than client politics. Describe the strategies used by black leaders to overcome their political weaknesses, and explain why the civil rights movement has become more conventional in its strategy in recent years.

8. Summarize the legal struggles of blacks to secure rights under the Fourteenth Amendment, and state how the Court construed that amendment in the civil rights cases and in Plessy v. Ferguson. Discuss the NAACP strategy of litigation, and indicate why it was suited to the political circumstances. Summarize the rulings in Brown v. Board of Education and compare them with those in Plessy v. Ferguson.

9. Discuss the rationale used by the Supreme Court in ordering busing to achieve desegregation. Explain the apparent inconsistency between Brown and Charlotte-Mecklenburg. State why these decisions are not really inconsistent, and explain why the courts chose busing as an equitable remedy to deal with de jure segregation.

10. Trace the campaign launched by blacks for a set of civil rights laws. Explain why they used nonviolent techniques. Discuss the conflict between the agenda-setting and the coalition-building aspects of the movement. Demonstrate how civil rights advocates could overcome sources of resistance in Congress.

11. Describe the differences between the black civil rights movement and the women's movement. List the various standards used by the courts in interpreting the Fourteenth Amendment, and explain how these standards differ depending on whether blacks or women are involved.

12. Summarize the debate over "compensatory action" versus "preferential treatment" and targets versus quotas in affirmative action

Monday, November 21

TEST: LINKAGE INSTITUTIONS

Homework: Read/take notes 161-171 and review the Bill of Rights

Tuesday, November 22

Discussion: Test Analysis: Most Frequently Missed Questions

Political Party Project Presentations

Unit 5 Overview

Homework: Read/take notes 161-171 and review the Bill of Rights

Wednesday, November 23 – Friday, November 25

THANKSGIVING HOLIDAY – NO SCHOOL

Monday, November 28

Discussion: Review: Unit Plan

Civil Liberties: An Overview, Part I – The Bill of Rights

Homework: Read/take notes on 171-174, 195-200 (skip 196-197) and print out Gitlow v. New York

Tuesday, November 29

Discussion: Civil Liberties: An Overview, Part II – Selective Incorporation

Court Case Analysis: Gitlow v. New York

Discussion (if time): 2nd Amendment

Homework: Read/take notes on 175-181 and complete questions regarding the Engel v. Vitale case

Wednesday, November 30

Discussion: First Amendment: Freedom of Religion (Video: Van Orden v. Perry)

Homework: Read/take notes on 182-187 and complete the questions regarding Schenck v. US

Thursday, December 1

Discussion: First Amendment: Speech, Part I

Homework: Read/take notes on 188-194

Friday, December 2

Discussion: First Amendment: Speech, Part II (Video: Virginia v. Black)

Homework: Read/take notes on 200-207 and print out the following cases:

Gideon v. Wainwright, Miranda v. Arizona, Mapp v. Ohio, and NJ v TLO

Monday, December 5

Discussion: The Rights of Criminal Defendants

Homework: Read/take notes on 208-214 and print out the following cases: Roe v. Wade, Planned Parenthood v. Casey, and Cruzan v. Missouri

Tuesday, December 6

Discussion: The Right to Privacy

Homework: Read/take notes on 219-225 and print out the following cases: Plessy v. Ferguson, Brown v. Board of Education, and Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States

Wednesday, December 7 (PLC Day)

Discussion: Civil Rights Movement, Part I: Congress, Courts, and the Constitution

(The Meaning of Political Inequality)

Homework: Read/take notes on 225-233

Thursday, December 8

Discussion: Civil Rights Movement, Part II: Congress, Courts and the Constitution

(Civil Rights Denied Based on Race)

Homework: Read/take notes on 233-240 (skip 235)

Friday, December 9

Discussion: Civil Rights Movement, Part III: Congress, Courts and the Constitution

(Durham and JHS)

Homework: Read/take notes on 241-247

Monday, December 12

Discussion: Lanahan Reading #51: Charles Ogletree from All Deliberate Speed

Blacks in Contemporary Politics (and other groups)

Homework: Read/take notes on 257-264

Tuesday, December 13

Discussion: Civil Rights Denied Based on Gender

Video – Equality: A History of the Women’s Movement in America

Homework: Read/take notes on 264-275

Wednesday, December 14

Discussion: Civil Rights Denied Based on Other Bases

Start Movie: Iron Jawed Angels

Homework: Work on film assignment; study for test

Thursday, December 15

Discussion: Finish and Discuss Film

Homework: Finish film assignment; study for test

Friday, December 16

Discussion: Review for test

Homework: Study for test and work on project

Monday, December 19

TEST: CIVIL LIBERTIES & CIVIL RIGHTS

Homework: Study for the Midterm Exam

Tuesday, December 20

REVIEW SESSION --- 7:30-8:30am

Discussion: Review: Units 1 (American Democracy) and Unit 2 (Constitution/Federalism)

Homework: Study for the Midterm Exam

Wednesday, December 21

REVIEW SESSION --- 7:30-8:30am

Discussion: Review: Units 3 (Political Culture) and Unit 4 (Linkage Institutions)

Homework: Study for the Midterm Exam

Thursday, December 22

MIDTERM EXAM

Format: 90-100 Multiple Choice Questions, 1 Essay

Material: Chapters 1-6, 11-16

Resources: See below/class website

• College Board - Government & Politics (AP Central)

• Podcasts, Unit Summaries, Vocabulary (Mr. Farshtey)

• Review Questions & Vocabulary (Mrs. Newmark)

• Practice Test, Unit Summaries (Textbook Website)

• AP Government Review Packet ()

• Crash Course: US Gov & Politics (Crash Course Videos)

• Final Exam Review Video (Adam Norris)

Homework over Break: Consider reading ahead in Chapter 7, pp 282-336 (Congress). The next unit, on the Legislative Branch, only covers one chapter in the textbook. In other words, it is going to be an extremely specific assessment where you need to know the details.

REVIEW GUIDE

Part I – Terms/Concepts

Directions: Explain, in your own words, the significance of each of the terms or concepts below. Simple definitions alone will not earn you the point.

“With all deliberate speed”

Accomodationists

Affirmative Action

Bad Tendency test

Bills of Attainder

Black codes

Boycott

Brown v. Board of Education

Busing

Civil disobedience

Civil liberties

Civil rights

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Civil Rights Act of 1968

Civil Rights Movement

Clear and present danger test

Compelling state interest

De facto discrimination

De jure discrimination

Due Process of law

English-only movements

Equal Protection of the laws

Equal Rights Amendment

Equality of opportunity

Equality of results

Espionage & Sedition Acts

Establishment clause

Ex Post Facto laws

Exclusionary rule

Fighting words

Freedom of Expression

Freedom of Religion

Free-exercise clause

Good-faith exception

Grandfather clauses

Habeas Corpus

Intermediate standard of review

Jim Crow laws

John F. Kennedy

Lemon test

Libel

Literacy tests

Lyndon Johnson

Martin Luther King, Jr.

Miller test

Minimum rationality test

NAACP

Obscenity

Patriot Act

Police Powers

Political correctness

Poll taxes

Prior restraint

Probable cause

Racism

Reconstruction

Reverse discrimination

Rights of aliens & disabled

Search warrant

Sedition

Segregation

Selective Incorporation

Separationists

Sexual harassment

Strict scrutiny

Suspect classifications

Symbolic Speech

Twenty-fourth Amendment

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Wall of separation

Part II - Short Answer Questions

Directions: Complete the following questions with thoughtful responses that demonstrate a thorough understanding of the question.

1. Describe two historical examples where our rights have been limited?

2. What is speech? What are limits we have as citizens to speech?

3. Why is the issue of obscenity so complicated?

4. Briefly explain the rights of the accused through the 4th, 5th, 6th, and 8th amendments.

5. Why do the courts play so large a role in deciding what our civil liberties should be?

6. Why not display religious symbols on government property?

7. If a person confesses to committing a crime, why is that confession sometimes not used in court?

8. Does the Patriot Act reduce our liberties? Explain.

9. Identify and briefly explain each of the Civil War Amendments?

10. Since Congress enacts our laws, why has it not made certain that all groups have the same rights?

11. After the Supreme Court ended racial segregation in the schools, what did the President and Congress do?

12. Explain the “separate-but-equal” doctrine.

13. How and why were poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather clauses used?

14. If the law supports equality of opportunity, why has affirmative action become so important?

15. Under what circumstances can men and women be treated differently?

Part III - Supreme Court Cases – “6 Word Project”

Directions: Complete a “six word” response for each of the court cases below. In other words, describe each court case using no more than six words. Example: a “six-word” response McCulloch v. Maryland may be “US bank was constitutional - federal government”

1. Bethel v. Fraser

2. Board of Education v. Lindsay Earls

3. Bowers v. Hardwick

4. Boy Scouts of America v. Dale

5. Brown v. Board of Education

6. Brown v. Board of Education II

7. California v. Greenwood

8. Cruzan v. Missouri Dept of Health

9. Engel v. Vitale

10. Furman v. Georgia

11. Gideon v. Wainwright

12. Gitlow v. New York

13. Gratz v. Bollinger

14. Griswold v. Connecticut

15. Grutter v. Bollinger

16. Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier

17. Heart of Atlanta Motel v. US

18. Korematsu v. US

19. Lawrence v. Texas

20. Lemon v. Kurtzman

21. Loving v. Virginia

22. Mapp v. Ohio

23. Miller v. California

24. Miranda v. Arizona

25. Missouri ex el Gaines v. Canada

26. New York Times v. US

27. NJ v. T.L.O.

28. Planned Parenthood v. Casey

29. Plessy v. Ferguson

30. Regents of the Univ of California v. Bakke

31. Reno v. ACLU

32. Reynolds v. US

33. Roe v. Wade

34. Sante Fe Independent School District v. Doe

35. Schenck v. US

36. Snyder v. Phelps

37. Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg BOE

38. Sweatt v. Painter

39. Texas v. Johnson

40. Tinker v. Des Moines

41. US v. Eichman

42. US v. O’Brien

43. Van Orden v. Perry

44. Virginia v. Black

45. Wallace v. Jaffree

46. West Virginia State BOE v. Barnett

Part IV – Generalizations

Directions: As you have done before, please create a list of 15 generalizations regarding each one of the larger ideas regarding each chapter from the textbook. Your generalizations should NOT include court cases as you have already addressed that material in the previous part of this review guide.

• Create a list of 15 generalizations regarding Civil Liberties

• Create a list of 15 generalizations regarding Civil Rights

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