Chapter 620 Design of Pavement Structure

Chapter 620

Design of Pavement Structure

Exhibit 620-5 Estimating: Base and Surfacing Quantities

Exhibit 620-6 Estimating: Base and Surfacing Quantities

Exhibit 620-7 Estimating: Base and Surfacing Quantities

Exhibit 620-8 Estimating: Base and Surfacing Quantities

Exhibit 620-1 Estimating: Miscellaneous Tables

Exhibit 620-2 Estimating: Hot Mix Asphalt Pavement and Asphalt Distribution Exhibit 620-9 Estimating: Base and Surfacing Quantities

Tables

Exhibit 620-10 Estimating: Base and Surfacing Quantities

Exhibit 620-3 Estimating: Bituminous Surface Treatment

Exhibit 620-11 Estimating: Base and Surfacing Quantities

Exhibit 620-4 Estimating: Base and Surfacing Typical Section Formulae and Exhibit 620-12 Estimating: Base and Surfacing Quantities

Example

620.01 General

620.02 Estimating Tables

620.01 General

Detailed criteria and methods that govern pavement design are in the Washington State Department of

Transportation (WSDOT) Pavement Policy, which is available from the Pavements website:



The pavement design for all Design-Build project Request for Proposals (RFPs) will be conducted by the State

Materials Lab, Pavement Division.

620.02 Estimating Tables

The tables in Exhibit 620-1 through *Tabulated quantities are based on compacted weight of 1.85 tons/yd3

Exhibit 620-12 are for developing estimates of quantities for pavement sections, shoulder sections, stockpiles,

asphalt distribution, and fog seal.

WSDOT Design Manual M 22-01.22

October 2023

Page 620-1

Chapter 620

Design of Pavement Structure

Exhibit 620-1 Estimating: Miscellaneous Tables

Unit Dry Weight ¨C Gravel Base and Surfacing

Truck Measure

Type of Material

lb/cy

T/cy

Ballast

3,100

1.55

Crushed Surfacing Top Course

2,850

1.43

Crushed Surfacing Base Course

2,950

1.48

Screened Gravel Surfacing

*Gravel Base

Permeable Ballast

Compacted on Roadway

lb/cy

T/cy

3,900

1.95

3,700

1.85

3,700

1.85

3,700

1.85

3,400 ¨C

1.70 ¨C

3,800

1.90

2,800

1.40

*3,700 lb/cy (1.85 tons/cy) is recommended as the most suitable factor; however, if the grading approaches the

coarseness of ballast, the factor would approach 3,800 lb/cy (1.90 tons/cy), and if the grading contains more

than 45% sand, the factor would decrease, approaching 3,400 lb/cy (1.70 tons/cy) for material that is essentially

all sand.

Notes:

?

?

Weights shown are dry weights and corrections are required for water contents.

The tabulated weights for the materials are reasonably close; however, apply corrections in the

following order:

?

?

(??????? ??.) ¡Á (???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????)

For specific gravity: ??. =

2.65

o For water content: ??. = (??????? ??. ) ¡Á (1 + ???? ????? % ?? ????????)

If material is to be stockpiled, increase required quantities by 10% to allow for waste.

Consider the inclusion of crushed surfacing top course material for keystone when estimating

quantities for projects having ballast course.

o

WSDOT Design Manual M 22-01.22

October 2023

Page 620-2

Chapter 620

Design of Pavement Structure

Exhibit 620-2 Estimating: Hot Mix Asphalt Pavement and Asphalt Distribution Tables

Fog Seal

Asphalt

Application

Fog Seal

Type of Emulsified

Asphalt

CSS-1/CSS-1h

Application gal* per

sy

0.07

Tons* per sy

0.000292

Tons/Mile Width (ft)

11

1.9

10

1.7

12

2.1

*Quantities shown are retained (residual) asphalt.

Specific Data[1][2]

Hot Mix Asphalt Paving Quantities (tons/mile)*

Width

(ft)

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

4

161

241

321

402

6

241

362

482

603

8

321

482

643

804

10

402

603

804

1005

11

442

663

884

1105

12

482

723

964

1206

22

884

1326

1768

2210

24

964

1447

1929

2411

0.30

482

723

964

1206

1326

1447

2652

2893

0.35

563

844

1125

1407

1547

1688

3094

3376

Depth of Pavement (ft)

0.40

0.45

0.50

643

723

804

964

1085

1206

1286

1447

1607

1607

1808

2009

1768

1989

2210

1929

2170

2411

3536

3978

4421

3858

4340

4822

0.55

884

1326

1768

2210

2431

2652

4863

5305

0.60

964

1447

1929

2411

2652

2893

5305

5787

0.65

1045

1567

2090

2612

2873

3135

5747

6269

0.70

1125

1688

2250

2813

3094

3376

6189

6751

0.75

1206

1808

2411

3014

3315

3617

6631

7234

*Based on 137 lbs/sy (0.0685 tons/sy) of 0.10 ft compacted depth = 2.05 tons/cy

Notes:

[1] The specific gravity of the aggregate will affect the weight of aggregate in the completed mix.

[2] Quantities shown do not provide for widening, waste from stockpile, or thickened edges.

WSDOT Design Manual M 22-01.22

October 2023

Page 620-3

Chapter 620

Design of Pavement Structure

Exhibit 620-3 Estimating: Bituminous Surface Treatment

Bituminous Surface Treatment[1]

Type of Application

Mineral Aggregate

Average

Application

lb/sy

cy/sy

10 ft

T/mi

11 ft

cy/mi

T/mi

12 ft

cy/mi

T/mi

Asphalt[2][4]

Average

Spread

cy/mi

10 ft

11 ft

Basic[3] Asphalt

Used

12 ft

gal/sy

gal/mi

T/mi

gal/mi

T/mi

gal/mi

T/mi

0.50

2933

11.8

3227

13.0

3520

14.1

CRS-2P

0.48

2787

11.2

3065

12.3

3344

13.4

CRS-2P

0.98

5720

23.0

6292

25.3

6864

27.5

0.50

2933

11.8

3227

13.0

3520

14.1

CRS-2P

0.48

2787

11.2

3065

12.3

3344

13.4

CRS-2P

0.98

5720

23.0

6292

25.3

6864

27.5

New Construction 3/4 inch ¨C 1/2 inch

First Application

Crushed

Screenings 3/4

inch ¨C 1/2 inch

35

0.0146

103

86

113

94

123

103

Second

Application

Crushed

Screenings 1/2

inch ¨C No. 4

32

0.0121

93

71

103

78

113

85

Choke Stone No. 4

¨C0

5

0.0017

15

10

16

11

18

12

Totals

72

0.0284

211

167

232

183

254

200

New Construction 1/2 inch ¨C No. 4

First Application

Crushed Screenings

1/2 inch ¨C No. 4

35

0.0132

102

77

113

85

123

93

Second Application

Crushed Screenings

1/2 inch ¨C No. 4

32

0.0121

93

71

103

78

113

85

Choke Stone No. 4 ¨C 0

5

0.0017

15

10

16

11

18

12

Totals

72

0.0270

210

158

232

174

254

190

WSDOT Design Manual M 22-01.22

October 2023

Page 620-4

Chapter 620

Design of Pavement Structure

Seal Coats 5/8 inch ¨C No. 4

Seal Coat

Crushed Screenings

5/8 inch ¨C No. 4

35

0.0130

102

76

Choke Stone No. 4 ¨C 0

5

Totals

40

113

84

0.0017

15

0.0147

117

124

10

16

11

18

12

86

129

95

142

104

10 ft

Type of Application

3109

12.5

3420

13.7

3731

15.0

0.53

3109

12.5

3420

13.7

3731

15.0

CRS-2P

92

Mineral Aggregate

Average

Application

0.53

11 ft

Average

Spread

12 ft

lb/

sy

cy/sy

T/mi

cy/

mi

T/mi

cy/

mi

T/mi

cy/

mi

28

0.0106

81

62

89

68

97

74

Choke Stone No. 4 ¨C 0

5

0.0017

15

10

16

11

18

12

Totals

33

0.0123

96

72

105

79

115

86

Asphalt[2][4]

10 ft

11 ft

12 ft

gal/sy

gal/

mi

T/

mi

gal/

mi

T/

mi

gal/

mi

T/

mi

0.45

2640

10.6

2904

11.7

3168

12.7

0.45

2640

10.6

2904

11.7

3168

12.7

Basic[3] Asphalt

Used

Seal Coats 1/2 inch ¨C No. 4

Seal Coat

Crushed Screenings 1/2 inch ¨C No. 4

CRS-2P

Seal Coats 3/8 inch ¨C No. 4

Seal Coat

Crushed Screenings 3/8 inch - No. 4

30

0.0106

88

62

96

68

106

75

Choke Stone No. 4 ¨C 0

5

0.0017

15

10

16

11

18

12

Totals

35

0.0123

103

72

112

79

124

74

0.45

2640

10.6

2904

11.7

3168

12.7

0.45

2640

10.6

2904

11.7

3168

12.7

CRS-2P

Notes:

[1] Quantities shown do not provide for widening, waste from stockpile, or thickened edges.

[2] Quantities of asphalt shown are based on 60¡ãF temperature. Recompute to the application temperature for the particular grade.

[3] The column ¡°Basic Asphalt Used¡± is shown for the purpose of conversion to proper weights for the asphalt being used and does not imply

that the particular grade shown is required for the respective treatment.

[4] For stress-absorbing membrane (rubberized asphalt), increase asphalt by 25%.

WSDOT Design Manual M 22-01.22

October 2023

Page 620-5

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