Hamrun Secondary



For the examiner’s use only:

|Total mark |Written paper |Experiments |Total mark |

| |(85 marks) |(15 marks) |(100 marks) |

|Actual mark | | | |

Answer all questions.

All working must be shown. The use of a calculator is allowed.

Where necessary, take the acceleration due to gravity, g, to be 10m/s2.

You might find the following list of formulae useful:

|v =[pic] |F = m a |

|v = u + at |p = m v |

|s = [pic] | |

|s = [pic] | |

|v2 = u2 + 2 a s | |

Section A

1. Fill in the missing table by adding the SI units and by marking with an X under scalar or vector in each case: [8]

|Quantity |Scalar |Vector |SI Unit |

|Mass | | | |

|Distance | | | |

|Velocity | | | |

|Momentum | | | |

2. The last Formula 1 race was won by Sebastian Vettel.

a) Sebastian has reached a maximum velocity of 234km/h during the race. Write down 234km/h in m/s. [1]

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b) At the very start of the race, Sebastian increased his car’s velocity from rest to 24m/s in 2 seconds.

i. What was his initial velocity? [1]

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ii. Calculate the acceleration of the car. [2]

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iii. Calculate distance travelled by the car during this time. [2]

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c) In one particular lap, Sebastian’s car kept moving at a constant velocity of 55m/s, along a horizontal distance of 440m. Calculate the time taken for Sebastian to travel this distance. [2]

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3. The diagram below shows three forces acting on a wooden block while being pushed along a rough surface S. Force F1 is the force pushing the wooden block forwards.

[pic]

a) What is force F2 called? _____________________________________ [1]

b) What is force F3 called? _____________________________________ [1]

c) Calculate the size of the resultant force F acting on the wooden block given that F1 is 12N, F2 is 3N and F3 is 5N. [3]

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d) If the block has a mass of 2kg, calculate the acceleration of the block using the answer to part (c) as the force. [3]

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4. a) A cellulose acetate rod was charged with a piece of cloth.

i. The charge acquired by the cellulose acetate rod is ___________________ [1]

ii. It was noticed that when the charged plastic rod was held close to a thin stream of water, the water was _____________ towards the rod. [1]

b) A company that produces soft drinks found a problem with the automated filling system of the factory. As the bottles moved towards the filler, they were moving around in a rubber conveyor belt and got charged. At times this caused the stream of the drink to miss the open top of the bottle.

i. Explain why the bottles became charged while they were on the conveyor belt. [1]

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ii. It was found that the bottles gained a negative charge while on the conveyor belt. Explain in terms of atoms how this charge came about. [1]

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iii. As a result the conveyor belt ended up charged too. What was the overall charge induced on the conveyor belt? __________________________________ [1]

c) They found out that by earthing the conveyor belt the problem would be solved.

i. Draw on the diagram where the earth wire needs to be connected. [1]

ii. What material must this earth wire be made of? Why? [1]

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5. a) Fill in:

Newton’s first law of motion states that:

If a mass has no resultant force acting on it, then:

1. if it is at _____________ , it stays at _____________.

2. if it is ____________________, it keeps moving at ___________________ speed in a straight line. [4]

b) State Newton’s 3rd law of motion. [2]

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c) Children’s playgrounds are covered with a layer of thick rubber to act as a safety surface. Explain why this type of surface is used. [2]

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Section B

6. A car is moving along a road at a velocity of 20 m/s. A small boy suddenly crosses the road. The driver hits the brakes to stop the car and avoid hitting the boy.

The velocity-time graph below shows the change in velocity of the car from the moment the driver sees the boy in the middle of the road.

a) What is the initial velocity of the car? [1]

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b) What is the thinking time of this particular driver? [1]

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c) Calculate the distance travelled by the car during the thinking time. [2]

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d) From the moment the driver presses the brakes, how long does the car take to stop completely? [1]

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e) Calculate the braking distance. [2]

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f) What will the total stopping distance be? [1]

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g) Calculate the deceleration between the 0.2 and 5th second. [3]

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h) List 2 factors which affect the thinking distance. [2]

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i) List 2 factors which affect the braking distance. [2]

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7. Felix Baumgartner from Austria, jumped to Earth from a helium balloon in the stratosphere on 14th October 2012. He set the world record for skydiving, reaching an estimated speed of 1342km/h and he became the first person to break the sound barrier. Baumgartner was in freefall for some time during his descent.

Following this Kyle and Eric were going to measure the acceleration due to gravity in the school laboratory using a small iron ball.

a) Label the diagram of the arrangement of the apparatus they would use. [1]

[pic]

b) Describe how they would measure the time taken by the iron ball to fall. [2]

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c) Explain how for falling objects the formula s = [pic]becomes s = [pic] [2]

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d) State one precaution to be taken during this experiment. [1]

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The following are the values obtained from the readings and calculations.

|2s (m) |

|glider 1 |glider 2 |

|mass m (kg) |velocity v (m/s) |mass m (kg) |velocity v (m/s) |

|1kg |0.8m/s |0.6kg |0m/s |

i. Calculate the momentum of glider 1 before the collision. [2]

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ii. Write down the momentum of glider 2 before the collision. [1]

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iii. What is the total momentum of the gliders before the collision? [1]

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b) After the collision both gliders move off together with a velocity of 0.5m/s.

i. What is the total momentum of both gliders after the collision? [2]

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iii. Using your answers to parts a (iii) and b (i) above, write down the Principle of Conservation of Momentum. [2]

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c) Truck manufacturers use the concept of momentum when testing new models for safety. In one particular test, a truck of mass 3500kg travelling at 8m/s, collides with a thick barrier and takes 0.14s to stop.

[pic]

i. Calculate the force that the truck exerts on the barrier [2]

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ii. Write down the size of the force that the barrier exerts on the car. Identify the law that supports your conclusion. [2]

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iii. The truck can be made safer by including crumple zones. Why? [1]

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iv. Write down two other driver safety features normally used in cars. [2]

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