Inclined Plane Lab



Simple Machines Lab

Inclined Plane & Pulley Lab

Name: Date:

Objective: To investigate simple machines and to determine the work done on and by them. To calculate the mechanical advantage and efficiency of the simple machines in several situations. Part I: inclined plane Part II: pulley systems

Apparatus: Inclined Plane, wood block, ruler, Pasco force sensor (or spring scale) computer, pulleys, string, masses

Procedure:

Part I: Inclined Plane

1) Set up the inclined plane to a 5( angle.

2) Plug the USB link into the computer’s USB port.

3) Plug the Force Sensor into the USB Link. This will automatically launch the PASPORTAL window.

4) Go into the Regents Physics Lab folder and open the Force_Probe_CF.ds.

5) Zero the force sensor

6) Attach a 200 g mass to your block and determine the weight of both (Fout).

7) Click the Start button. Gradually pull on the sensor with an increasing force. Once the block starts moving, it is very important to pull so the block moves with constant velocity.

8) Click the Stop button after moving 30 cm up the incline.

9) In the graph Forces vs. time, click and drag a box around the flat portion of your data which corresponds to the tray sliding at a constant velocity. The mean force value will appear in the legend. This is your Fin.

10) Measure the vertical distance you have raised the block. (dout)

11) Calculate the Win and Wout of the system.

12) Calculate the work lost to friction.

13) Calculate the A.M.A. and I.M.A. of your system.

14) Calculate the efficiency of your system.

15) Repeat steps 7-14 at a 10( angle.

16) Repeat steps 7-14 at a 15º angle.

17) Repeat steps 6-16 but now change the 200 g mass to a 500 g mass.

18) Repeat steps 6-16 but now change the 500 g mass to a 1 kg mass.

Part II: Pulley Systems

[pic]

1. Set up a single fixed pulley as shown in Figure 16-1(a)

2. Determine the weight (in newtons) of the mass to be raised (Wt = mg)

3. Zero the force sensor

4. Click the Start button. Gradually pull on the sensor with an increasing force. Raise the mass by pulling on the sensor. Once the mass starts moving, it is very important to pull so that it moves with constant velocity.

a. After the weight you’re lifting begins to move pull the sensor so that it moves a distance of 20 cm (din).

b. Click the Stop button

c. Carefully measure the height (in meters) to which the mass is lifted. Record this value in the table below.

5. In the graph Forces vs. time, click and drag a box around the flat portion of your data which corresponds to the tray sliding at a constant velocity. The mean force value will appear in the legend. This is your Fin.

6. Calculate the P.E. gained by the mass when it was raised by multiplying its weight by the distance it was raised (P.E. = Wt*Δy).

7. Calculate the work done in raising the mass (Win) by multiplying the Fin by the din (W = F*Δx).

8. Repeat steps 6-10 for each of the pulley arrangements in 16-1 (b,c,d).

9. Calculate the IMA, AMA and efficiency for each pulley system.

Data/Calculations:

Part I: Inclined Plane

Block mass+200g (g) =

| |5º |10º |15º |

|Trial 1 | | | |

|Trial 2 | | | |

|Trial 3 | | | |

|Average | | | |

Block mass +500g (g) =

| |5º |10º |15º |

|Trial 1 | | | |

|Trial 2 | | | |

|Trial 3 | | | |

|Average | | | |

Block mass +1000g (g) =

| |5º |10º |15º |

|Trial 1 | | | |

|Trial 2 | | | |

|Trial 3 | | | |

|Average | | | |

Copy Excel Data Table for Part 1 Here:

Part II: Pulley Systems

Pulley Arrangement |Mass raised (kg) |Height mass is raised (m) |din (m) |Fin (N)

T-1 |Fin (N)

T-2 |Fin (N)

T-3 |Fin (N)

Avg | |A

| | | | | | | | |B

| | | | | | | | |C

| | | | | | | | |D

| | | | | | | | |

Copy Excel Data Table for Part 2 Here:

Questions:

1) Does an incline plane save us work?

a.

2) Does an incline plane save us effort? (Fin compared to Fout)

a.

3) As the angle increases on our inclined plane what generally happens to the mechanical advantage and efficiency?

a.

4) As mass was increased when the angle remained the same, what generally happens to the mechanical advantage and efficiency?

a.

5) How does the work done on each pulley system compare with the potential energy gained by the mass lifted by the system? Account for any discrepancies.

a.

6) As the pulley system increased in number of pulleys what generally happens to the mechanical advantage and efficiency?

a.

7) As each mass was lifted to a height your body lost a little energy and the mass gained a little potential energy.

a. What part did work play in this process?

b. Where did this energy come from?

Conclusion:

................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download