Hormones and Target Cells - Mt. SAC

[Pages:17]Hormones and Target Cells

1. Endocrine cells release hormone. 2. Hormone enters circulation.

Hormone will not bind to cells that are not target cells

3. Hormone is carried throughout the body.

receptor

4. Binding occurs; hormonal effects take place.

target cell (skeletal muscle)

Figure 28.1

hypothalamus pituitary gland thyroid gland thymus gland

adrenal cortex glands medulla

testes

pineal gland parathyroid glands (on posterior surface of thyroid gland)

pancreas

ovaries

Figure 28.2

Hormones

Adrenaline

Amino acids

Tyrosine

Tryptophan

Figure 28.3

Figure 28.4

Figure 28.4

Figure 28.5

hypothalamus

vasopressin Controls retention of water in the body

by the kidneys

kidneys

anterior posterior pituitary pituitary

oxytocin Stimulates contraction of uterus muscles and release of milk in females; assists in semen ejaculation in males

prostate gland in males

uterus and mammary glands in females

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete glucocorticoids, which regulate energy use

thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Triggers release of thyroid hormones, which increase

metabolic rate growth hormones (GH)

Stimulates growth by prompting liver's release of

somatomedin hormones

prolactin (PRL) Stimulates mammary gland development and

production of milk follicle-stimulating

hormone (FSH) Male: promotes sperm production Female: promotes egg development; stimulates ovaries to produce estrogen

luteinizing hormone (LH) Female: produces ovulation; stimulates ovaries to produce estrogen and progesterone Male: stimulates testes to produce androgens

medulla cortex

adrenaline + noradrenaline

adrenal gland

glucocorticoids

thyroid gland

T3, T4 hormones

bone, muscle, other tissues

mammary glands testes ovaries

testosterone

estrogen progesterone

Figure 28.6

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