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Duyan Beyan Jessica CampbellAnthony Blanco September 7, 2016AP Comparative Government & Politics Ms. GallowaySocial Cleavages Background: The United States of America is a Federal Presidential Republic. Their head of state and government is the President, which is currently Barack Obama. The United States has a population of over 300 million people and a generally even gender distribution, and an average life expectancy of about 79 years old. History: Important social cleavages of the pastCivil Rights- racial divide between minorities believing their rights are not equal to the majority’s rights. Women’s Rights- Gender divide between men and women because women are not treated the same in all aspects of society. Unequal pay and the pink tax are probably the biggest issue of this gender divide. Unions in the workforce- class divide between people in the workforce calling for an end in discrimination in the hiring process and pay. The LGBTQ+ Community- a network of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning individuals, etc. fighting for the same rights and recognition as heterosexual individuals. Major Historical and Political Factors Civil Rights- Many civil rights in the United States were reserved for white, property owning men. Minorities began to protest these rights heavily in the 1950s and 1960s. Their efforts helped pass The Civil Rights Act of 1964, The Voting Rights Act of 1965, The Civil Rights Act of 1991, etc. Women’s Rights- Women were not given the right to vote until the 19th amendment in 1920. This caused women to protest and have conventions such as Seneca Falls. Unions in the workforce- In the late 19th and early 20th century, many lower class immigrant workers went underpaid and unprotected. As a response workers began protests in order to advocate for better working conditions and pay. Through the passing of the Child Labor Laws and other legislation, workers were allowed to form unions to help better working conditions.The LGBTQ+ Community- Members of the LGBTQ+ community face many discriminations. In the 21st century, the community began to come together to help one another and seek political reform regarding their rights.Major Current Social Movements & GoalsThe NRA- Today the NRA is based on the divide between people protecting their second amendment right and people calling for more gun control after a spike in gun violence.Black Lives Matter (BLM)- African-American protestors feel like their need to be reform in the police system to stop senseless killings of citizens. Blue Lives Matter- Police officers and their supporters are reacting against BLM to stop violence against police. Bathroom Wars- Transgender individuals and congress are fighting to pass bills to allow transgenders to use the restroom of their preferred sex. This movement has evolved not just in regard of bathroom use but to confirm transgenders as legitimate individuals that deserve to be recognized by society.Works CitedBBC: Black Lives Matter activist outline policy goals. (August 21, 2015). Retrieved August 31, 2016, from Childress, Sarah: The Gun-Control Movement, Two Years After Newtown. (December 9, 2014). Retrieved August 31, 2016, from HG: Civil Rights Law. (n.d.). Retrieved August 29, 2016, from , Faith: Dallas sniper attack: 5 officers killed, suspect identified. (July 9, 2016.) Retrieved August 29, 2016, from World Factbook: UNITED STATES. (n.d.). Retrieved August 29, 2016, from gun control: What is the NRA and why is it so powerful? (2016, January 8). Retrieved August 31, 2016, from , A. E. (2016). The imaginary predator in America's transgender bathroom war. Retrieved August 31, 2016, from ................
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