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Space Cycles Test 2015Moon Phases:Know Moon phases! Remember these rules;The moon is always half lit (just like earth). Moon phases are the lit portions of the moon as seen from earth or the moon’s appearance from the perspective of earth.Moon lit on right = waxing phases Moon lit on left = waning phases If ? of the moon “appears” to be lit, it is referred to as a quarter (either 1st or 3rd)If less than ? of the moon “appears” to be lit, it is referred to as a crescent (ex. “Waxing crescent”)If more than ? of the moon “appears” to be lit, it is referred to as a gibbous (ex. “waning gibbous”)If “all” of the moon “appears” to be lit, it is referred to as a full moonNew moon cannot be seen because the lit half is not visible from earthStart the cycle with the new moon and move in a counter clockwise direction. “wax on” to the full moon, and “wane off” back to the new moon.The first quarter and the last quarter are points of location for the moon during its month long (about 28 days or 4 weeks) cycle.Be able to predict moon phases by using a calendar (i.e. how many weeks does it take the moon to change from a new moon to a 3rd quarter?)Tides:Tides are the rhythmic rise and fall of sea level caused by gravitational forces, mostly from the moon but also from the sun, on the Earth’s oceans. The moon has a greater impact on tides because of how close it is to the earth.Spring tides – “maximum tidal range” meaning the daily low tides are extremely low and daily high tides are extremely high. Spring tides occur when the earth sun and moon are in a Straight line, or during new and full moon phases Neap tides – “minimal tidal range” meaning the daily low tides are not that low and daily high tides are not that high. Neap tides occur when the earth sun and moon are at Ninety degree angles, or during 1st and 3rd quarter moon phases As with moon phases, you must be able to predict spring and neap tides by using a calendar (i.e. how many weeks, or days, will it take for the earth to pass from a spring tide to a neap tide?)Any coastal location on Earth will experience 2 high tides and 2 low tides in a 24 hour periodSeasons:Equinox occurs when both northern and southern hemispheres experience equal daylight hours (12 hours day, 12 hours night). There is a spring and autumnal equinox.Solstice occurs when the earth is tilted either more towards or more away from the sun. Solstices have either the longest or shortest daylight hours of the year. There is a summer and winter solstice.Know how to interpret a seasons diagramMisc. unit knowledge to know:Rotation - to spin on axis like a topRevolution (orbit) – to revolve or move around another object Axis- imaginary line passing through Earths (or any other planet/moon) polesEarth’s axis tilt =23.5 degreesOne revolution of the earth around the sun = a year or 365 ? daysOne rotation of the earth around its axis = a day or 24 hours ................
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