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An Ongoing 12AP Lit Vocabulary Review:

(A-D)

Abate (verb)= To subside (usually with something hostile, like a bad storm).

Abject (adj.)= (Of something bad) experienced or present to the maximum degree.

Admonition (noun)= Reproof; criticism; reproach.

Allegory (noun)= A narrative or description that has a second meaning beneath the surface, often relating each literal term to a fixed, corresponding abstract idea or moral principle; usually, the ulterior meanings belong to a pre-existing system of ideas or principles.

Amorous (adj.)= Relating to sexual desire.

Animism (noun)= The belief that natural objects, natural phenomena, and the universe itself posses souls. Antithesis (noun)= The direct opposite (usually followed by of or to): Her behavior was the very antithesis of  cowardly.

In terms of rhetoric: 

1. The placing of a sentence or one of its parts against another to which it is opposed to form a balanced contrast of ideas, as in “Give me liberty or give me death.”

Apathetic (adj.)= Having little interest or concern.

Appositive (noun)= An appositive is a noun or noun phrase that renames another noun right beside it. The appositive can be a short or long combination of words. Look at these appositive examples, all of which rename insect:

The insect, a cockroach, is crawling across the kitchen table.

The insect, a large cockroach, is crawling across the kitchen table.

Ardor (noun)= Enthusiasm; vigor; zeal.

Ars poetica (noun)= Literally, “the art of poetry”; a form of poetry written about poetry.

Ascetic (adj.)= Practicing strict self-denial as a measure of personal and especially spiritual discipline.

An Aside (noun)= An utterance not meant to be heard by someone. Consider our reading of Hamlet, particularly when an actor's speech is heard by the audience but supposedly not by other characters.

Archaic language (noun)= Words that were once common but that are no longer used.

Assonance (noun)= The repetition of vowel sounds in a sequence of words.

Assuage (verb)= To lessen the intensity of something, usually something painful or distressful.

Aubade (noun)= A poem about dawn; a morning love song; or a poem about the parting of lovers at dawn.

Aura (noun)= A distinctive atmosphere surrounding a given source. For example, The place had an aura of mystery.

Austere (adj.)= Stern and cold in appearance or manner, such as an austere Puritan in The Crucible or an austere critic, like in Ratatouille.

Aversion (noun)= A feeling of repugnance toward something with a desire to avoid or turn from it.

Ballad (noun)= The ballad is a sung poem that recounts a dramatic story. Passed down orally, the literary ballad—a poem intentionally imitative of the ballad’s style and structure—attempted to capture the sentiments of the common people.

Ballad meter (noun)= An important feature of any ballad in print is its meter. “Ballad measure,” sometimes called “ballad stanza” or “ballad meter,” can be strictly defined as four-line stanzas usually rhyming abcb with the first and third lines carrying four accented syllables and the second and fourth carrying three.

Benevolent (adj.)= Well-meaning and kind.

Bereft (adj.)= Deprived of something or lacking something needed.

Bildungsroman (novel)= A novel that explores that maturation of the protagonist, with the narrative usually moving the main character from childhood into adulthood.

Blank verse (noun)= Unrhymed iambic pentameter, blank verse is the most commonly used verse form in English because it is the verse form that comes closest to natural patterns of speaking in English.

Caesura (noun)= A speech pause occurring within a line.

Candor (noun)= Honest, sincere expression.

Charlatan (noun)= A person falsely claiming to have a special knowledge or skill; a fraud.

Circular reasoning (noun/verb)= “Circle in proving"; also known as circular logic, circular reasoning is a logical fallacy in which the reasoner begins with what they are trying to end with. The components of a circular argument are often logically valid because if the premises are true, the conclusion must be true.

Circumspect (adj.)= Cautious; wary; prudent.

Colloquial (adj.)= Informal, conversational language.

Consecration (noun)= Ceremony to make sacred.

Consonance (noun)= The repetition at close intervals of the final consonant sounds of accented syllables or important words.

Contentment (noun)= Happiness; joy; satisfaction

Couplet (noun)= Two successive lines, usually in the same meter, linked by rhyme.

Dactyl (noun)= A metrical foot consisting of one accented (long) syllable followed by two unaccented (short) syllables [for example, mer-ri-ly].

Dactylic meter (noun)= A meter in which a majority of the feet are dactyls.

Dactylic hexameter (noun)= Ancient verse was composed in lines of long or short syllables in different combinations. Dactylic hexameter consists of lines made from six (hexa) feet, each foot containing either a long syllable followed by two short syllables (a dactyl: – ˇ ˇ) or two long syllables (a spondee: – –). The first four feet may either be dactyls or spondees. The fifth foot is normally (but not always) a dactyl. The sixth foot is an anceps, i.e., either a long-long (– –) or long-short (– ˇ).

Despondent (adj.)= feeling or showing extreme discouragement, dejection, or depression

Didactic (adj.)= With the intention to teach.

Digression (noun)= Spoken or written piece that deviates from main topic

Direct object (noun)= Receiver of action in a sentence.

Discursive (adj.)= Moving from one topic to the next without order.

Desultory (adj.)= Lacking enthusiasm.

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