The Ludemann Family History



Forward

This family history is dedicated to my son Clinton John Ludeman. The reason that I started this project was to complete the history of Ludemann descendants and settlement within Australia. It was important to me that this information be available to Clinton so that he can understand and trace the background to his family.

As I completed further stages of this work it also became increasingly important to complete this history for all the Ludeman(n)'s, so that all descendants knew the history and background to their relatives across Australia.

Although this is the first attempt, the information within this text can now be added to, as each new generation adds to the line of ancestry. The history of each family can also be further explored and refined and I welcome more information. The information contained is by no means complete in all aspects, there are still histories to be completed and dates to be found, however I hope that it will prove useful in initiating discussion and research.

I hope that this text will inspire people to record their own history to a greater level of detail and maybe even find more detail and material from their parents and grandparents so that it can be inserted into this history.

I owe many thanks to all the Ludeman(n)'s in both Victoria and Western Australia and other families such as the Cail, Watson, of Victoria, Camerer family of Western Australia and the many other descendants of the Ludeman(n) family across Australia. These families were able to supply the facts, the photographs and managed to write a brief history behind each family.

The layout of the document is in 10 chapters, one for each family of the first generation. The structure of each successive generation within these family groups is in order of age and keeps all the successive generations (1-5) together before moving onto the next brother or sister.

This text is like all families, it will continue to evolve. New material is to be inserted as families grow and develop. Should you wish to respond with more information, history, corrections and additions please do so.

You can contact me through my parents, John & Elaine Ludeman at 92 Strickland Street Bendigo 3550, 054 484501 or at home at 12 Gladstone Street Surrey Hills Melbourne 3127, 03 9890 0274

Trevor John Ludeman

The Family Tree and computers

The family tree is held on a computer program that enables you to search by name (upper case only) of all the generations, family tree, pedigree and prints out all the standard charts. This program was quite advanced in 1990 when I started this project, however using today's computers you may have to turn the turbo key off in some situations.

The history is printed in MSWord V6. If you require the family tree program let me know I can forward a copy to you.

For those of you on the Internet, the program or the history can be forwarded to you via Email. Changes and alterations could also be forwarded to me via the Net - my address is ludeman@

The Ludemann Family History

1800-1997.

EUROPE 1800 - 1856

The long line of Ludemann ancestry begins with the immigration of Claus Hinrich Ludemann from Hesedorf in northern Germany in 1856. Hesedorf is located adjacent to Zeven, being approximately 50 kilometres south west of Hamburg. Johann and Engel were farmers in this region of Germany

Claus Hinrich was born on the 6th April 1833 to parents Johann Peter Ludemann and Engel Rievesehl. Johann Peter and Engel were married on the 3rd of June 1832. From the birth and marriage extracts obtained from Germany it appears that Claus was named after his maternal Grandfather being Claus Hinrich Rievesehl.

Claus was the oldest of five children with his brothers and sisters being as follows;

Amalia Loise 10/01/1835.

Johann Friedrich 24/10/1837.

Peter 16/03/1839.

Maria 06/07/1840.

AUSTRALIA 1856 - 1890

Claus immigrated to Australia at the age of 23 on the 6th December 1856 after departing from Liverpool on the 5th of August, aboard the 1650 ton clipper the "Marco Polo". This ship was a prominent visitor to the port of Melbourne in this period of development of the State of Victoria.

In the 100 years after 1850, 52 million people left Europe for new lands across the sea. Thirty five (35%) percent came from the British Isles. (1). Most migrants left Europe to better themselves materially and despite population pressure in Europe, only the extra ordinary strong pull factors in Australia, such as the lure of gold or the offer of free or assisted passage, could attract migrants over 13,000 miles. For every migrant who came to Australia, 10 went to America. (1).

(1) A New History of Australia - Frank Crowley , William Hieneman, 1976

Claus occupation before coming to Australia was given as "Sugar Boiler", which involved the boiling of Sugar Beet to extract sugar.

Claus moved to Bendigo where he became involved in the Gold Mines. It is not known whether or not Clause had spent all his life in the goldfields. After 13 years, on the 10th of March 1869, he married Elizabeth Roberts of Eaglehawk at St Peters Church. Elizabeth and her family were residents of Eaglehawk with her father also being involved in the Gold mines. Claus at this time was age 35 whilst Elizabeth was 19.

Between the years 1869 to 1888 Claus and Elizabeth had 10 Children which are as follows;

John Peter 1869

Annie Louisa 1871

Claus Henry 1873

Edward 1875

Catherine 1877

George Thomas 1879

Alice May 1882

Agnes Doris 1884

Frederick William 1886

Isabelle 1888

On the 12th of December 1873 both Claus and Elizabeth bought a 46 acre property at Woodvale which was put in the name of Elizabeth Ludemann. Their was a mortgage on the property by June 1876 to Johann Ottile Franceska Haintol which was later discharged on the 13th of January 1879.

By the 26th of January 1886 Claus had purchased the Farm at Kamarooka being 710 acres. The farm was probably purchased earlier than this date as the large pastoral stations were gradually broken down in the 1860's and 70's, however this is the date that appears on the parish plan for this area. The farm would have originally been part of the Tandara South and Myers Creek Stations.

Early farm development

Accommodation for the family consisted of a 7 square log cabin with "lean- too" with a brick fire place and cellar. The Cabin and "lean too" had a shingle roof with an earthen floor. In later years accommodation was improved with the construction of a weatherboard "miners cottage" which consisted of 6 rooms with separate laundry and later solid concrete dairy. Water supply was via a concrete underground tank which was adjacent to the Cottage. The Laundry, Diary and underground tank still exist today in the backyard of the house that Frederick William built in 1926.

A large barn was constructed probably at the end of the 1890's or early 1900's which would have occupied a floor area of at least 30 squares. It had a large gable roof with three lean too

additions, one on each side and one at the rear. This building housed the stables for the horses as well as feed and other materials for the operation of the farm.

The Barn was demolished in the late 1970's along with the log cabin.

To maintain the farm a blacksmith building was constructed from timber slabs which still remains intact today. This building housed the fire heath and bellows for the heating and tempering of horse shoes as well as the maintenance of other farm equipment.

Claus Hinrich's Death

On the 20th of January 1890 Claus died at age 56 of "peritonitis and perforation of the bowels" after sustaining an injury 11 days earlier at the local hotel. The hotel was owned by Moxem's and was located just over a kilometre from the farmhouse, east along the Elmore - Raywood road adjacent to the crown land known as the "Common".

The following article's appeared in the Bendigo Advertiser on the 21st and 22nd of January.

Tuesday 21st January.

DEATH OF MR LUDEMANN - Intelligence is just to hand (writes our Raywood correspondent) that Mr Henry Ludeman, who sustained an injury a short time since at Moxom's Hotel Kamarooka, expired at his residence at one o'clock yesterday. The unfortunate gentleman had apparently been improving up till yesterday, when a relapse took place ending in his death. An inquiry will be held this morning.

Wednesday 22nd January.

THE FATALITY AT KAMAROOKA - Mr. W. Gunn, J.P., held an inquiry at Kamarooka this morning into the cause of death of the man Henry Ludeman, who died on Sunday afternoon, presumably from injuries received in a friendly bout of wrestling with a man named Barrow a few days previously. Among the witnesses were Dr. McKee, who deposed that the cause of death was peritonitis and perforation of the bowels. A verdict was returned in accordance with the medical testimony, and setting forth that no-one was to blame, as the injuries were received in a friendly bout of wrestling.

With the death of Claus this left Elizabeth with a farm and young family to attend to. The ages of the children were,

John Peter 21

Annie Louisa 19

Claus Henry 17

Edward 15

Catherine 13

George Thomas 11

Alice May 8

Agnes Doris 6

Frederick William 4

Isabelle 2

KAMAROOKA 1890 - 1918

In accordance with tradition in these early years the farm was passed on to the youngest male child, which at this time would have been Frederick who at this time was only 4 years old. No doubt the older sons being John, Claus Henry and Edward would have taken over the running of the farm at this stage.

With the further release of land throughout the area for farming via the breaking up of the large pastoral stations, the acquisition of land became an expensive process, as the area was noted for its capacity and its location to towns and cities made it attractive to the settler. The 1890's also signalled the start of the depression within Victoria. It was because of these reasons that some of the children saw fit to move to other areas in Victoria and Australia.

An article by Geoffrey Blainey about the 1890's depression and bank crash of 1893, appeared in the Age newspaper on the 12 February 1993,

People poured out of Melbourne in the 1890's. Melbourne soon lost to Sydney the title of Australia's largest city. Such was the outflow, mainly by ship, that in the 15 years after 1891, Victoria lost through migration, more people than it had gained in the previous 30 years.

Western Australian Goldfields were a haven for Victorian's who had no jobs or little money. In certain weeks, as many as four crowded passenger ships left the wharves along the Yarra River for the W.A. ports. At the large new Coolgardie State School, nearly all the children were Victorians. The main source of income in some Victorian townships was money orders arriving from Kalgoorlie and other gold towns.

So many young men left Victoria that the Statistician recorded a fact that astonished people. In a land where the males outnumbered the females (1830 the ratio was 3 to 1), Victoria became the first state and for years the only state where females were more numerous. Victoria had an old population and for decades was to have the lowest birth rate.

Every skilled trade, every profession from the law to the church and every branch of sport played displayed the same exodus from once proud Victoria. Victoria recovered with a mixture of firm steps and stumbles from its depression of the 1890's. After being tripped by a fierce drought it was definitely prosperous by about 1906. It has helped to restore its own prosperity by leading the campaign to from the Commonwealth of Australia and as a reward it was the site of the temporary federal capital from 1901 and its factories were the chief recipient of the protective tariff imposed by the new Federal Parliament.

To Victorian patriots however it was only a half recovery. The population of other states continued to grow at a faster percentage.

The Sons

John Peter married Catherine Gentner who lived about 1 kilometre north of the farm at Kamarooka. John Peter moved to Thorpdale in Gippsland and then onto Warrnambool, where he worked as an engineer at the Nestles factory. He eventually settled into farming purchasing some 33 farms around the Warrnambool.

Edward moved to Kalgoorlie in Western Australia. Edward first worked as an engine driver and then selected land at Bolgart 126 kilometres north-east of Perth. Edward married Evelyn Wheelwright in 1903.

Claus Henry settled in Tandara being an adjacent farming area to Kamarooka. Claus Henry married Bethea Aitken in 1906.

George Thomas in later years purchased land immediately adjacent to the existing family farm (west). George married Emily Wirth in 1910.

Frederick William inherited the original farm on the death of Elizabeth in 1918 and married Madge Alywin in 1926.

The Daughters.

The daughters of Elizabeth and Claus also predominantly followed their parents into farming lifestyles. The history is,

Annie Louise lived with her mother and did not marry.

Catherine married Robert Duncan Watson (1908) being another pioneering Kamarooka farming family.

Alice May went to Western Australia with her brother and married Rudolph Camerer (1918). Rudolph Camerer was a pioneer of the Bolgart farming area in Western Australia.

Agnes Doris married Jack Potter of Stawell who owned a farm at Stawell. Agnes was a teacher at the WattaWella primary school near Stawell.

Isabelle married Albert George Cail (1917), who was also part of the Kamarooka pioneering farming families.

Elizabeth Ludemann

On the 12th of September 1918 Elizabeth Ludemann passed away at home and the report of the Bendigo Advertiser was as follows;

THE BENDIGO ADVERTISER, Thursday September 12, 1918.

OBITUARY. LUDEMANN - Mrs. Elizabeth Ludemann, a well-known and highly respected resident of Kamarooka, passed peacefully away at her residence, "Hillside", on Tuesday evening. Deceased was born at Adelaide, and was one of the earliest pioneers of the Kamarooka district, having resided there for the past 45 years. The deceased lady, who was 69 years of age, leaves a family of five sons and five daughters to mourn the loss of a loving and devoted mother. Her husband pre-deceased her 26 years. The family is:- Miss Ludemann, who resided with her mother; Mrs. R.D. Watson, Tandara; Mrs. Camerer, W.A; Mrs. Potter, Stawell; Mrs. A. Cail; Mr. J. Ludemann, Warrnambool; Mr. Henry Ludemann, Tandara; Edward Ludemann, W.A.; and Thos and Fred Ludemann of Kamarooka. The funeral will take place at Raywood, leaving her late residence at 2 o'clock today.

THE ROBERTS ANCESTRY 1800 - 1918.

Elizabeth Roberts was born in Adelaide on the 19th of May 1849 and was one of five. Elizabeth's father and mother were Thomas George and Ann (nee Molloy) who only a year earlier has disembarked from the ship "Westminster" in Adelaide after sailing from England.

Thomas was born on the 11th of June 1816 and married Ann Molloy in Manchester on the 28th of June 1846. Thomas was a miner in Eaglehawk and died at Eaglehawk on the 16th of December 1888.

The Roberts Family consisted of;

Sarah Ann 17/04/1847

Elizabeth 19/05/1849

Edward 03/11/1850

Catherine 15/06/1853

Thomas George 18/04/1857

UNLOCKING THE LAND - Victoria

The impact of migration into Victoria due to the Gold rush and to unrest within Europe lead to a strong demand for land to be purchased and developed. Migrant's entered Australia with the dream to own their own land, something which could not be achieved back home. The pressure to unlock the land grew significantly and at a Land Convention in Melbourne in 1857, the demand for the end of squatters rights and the selection of land at fixed prices was moved.

The Robin Bromby book, Unlocking the land, the saga of farming in Australia, states (p30),

The pressure for land was particularly felt in Victoria. This latest Australian colony had experienced a phenomenal increase in its population, from 77,000 in 1851 to just over a million 10 years later. By 1861, 35,000 men were employed on farms in Victoria and the area under cropping has passed 400,000 acres. The reason for much of this activity was the discovery of Gold and the development of land had been particularly rapid in areas surrounding the goldfields. Farmers found the miners to be a good readily market for their produce. Land near Ballarat was soon fetching 5 pounds per acre. Later on, as the Victorian Government embarked on a policy of having no farmer more than a half days ride from a railway station, pressures for close settlement were to grow in other parts of the colony.

In 1860 the Victorian Parliament passed the Nicholson Act whose original concept had been to provide some form of system to the sale of land. But it was amended by the squatter interests during its parliamentary passage that it ended up enabling the squatters to buy more land. Nevertheless the forces of land justice could not be denied for much longer. New legislation was soon proposed and passed. By 1862 it became possible for anyone in New South Wales to buy between 40 to 320 acres of crown land, while the same year saw Victoria provide blocks between 40 to 640 acres, in both colonies the price being 1 pound an acre. There were conditions regarding improvements and fences, with part of the purchase money being used to pay passages of new immigrants. By 1868 Queensland had provided selection and the following year South Australia followed suit.

UNLOCKING THE LAND - Western Australia

Western Australia was not settled until 1829 when the Swan Settlement was founded near the area currently occupied by the City of Perth. By 1830, 1500 people had settled in this region. By 1850 the population was only 6000 and hired labour was acutely short. Robin Bromby (p39) states that ,

The desperate settlers had no alternative but to request to London to declare Western Australian convict settlement, 10 years after New South Wales had seen the last convict arrive and only 3 years before Van Diemans land abandoned the system. In 1850 the first shipload arrived and these were followed over the next 18 years by another 9000 men. The convict provided both the labour and the market upon which the wheat and wool industries could develop. Many of the convicts were given tickets of leave soon after they set foot in the Swan Colony to that they could find employment with settlers. They gave the colony the fillip it needed, but the time of penal colonies had passed; both in Britain and the eastern Australian colonies there was opposition to continued transportation and in 1867 it was abandoned.

Drought, wheat rust and soil exhaustion over the next 30 years reduced the productivity of agriculture in the Western Australia. Lack of cash and the system of bartering instead of cash led to a society that was slow, backward and remote from the outside world. Because there was never any cash there was no incentive to buy more land or increase farm productivity.

The first Premier Sir John Forrest realised that Gold along was not the basis of future prosperity, it was land settlement. Robin Bromby (p87) further states,

Over the decade before federation the Western Australian government passed a series of acts which were designed to get people on to the land as quickly as possible. First land in the south western division of the colony was offered at 10 shillings per acre, to be paid in 20 annual instalments of sixpence an acre, (provided improvement were made, a condition of subsequent legislation). Land in the Kimberley region was made available at half the previous lease rental provided it was stocked with either sheep or one cattle beast for every 1000 acres. The Midland Railway Company was given 12,000 acres of land for every mile of line laid and then land grants were made to the Western Australian Land Company which laid the railway between Beverley and Albany on the south Coast. A duty of fourpence a bushel was levied on imported wheat to make it attractive for Australians to grow the grain. The Homestead Act provided that any head of a family or male over 18 years of age could, provided they already owned less than 100 acres, pat 1 pound and be given 160 acres which, if they improved the land and farmed for 7 years, would be theirs.

An Act of 1894 established the Agricultural Bank which lent money against improvements. When new land was taken up the government paid half the cost of the survey. By 1898 land was available on conditional purchase with terms so easy as to be within reach of anyone prepared to take up selections and develop them.

It was the beginning of a transformation............The agricultural Bank and its growing role was the crucial factor. Loan money was needed for agriculture, if you were going to grow wheat on a viable basis you had to sow 200 acres and that needed finance. By 1906 the bank could lend on the full value of improvement.

Between 1891 and 1900 the colonies population increased from 53,279 to 179, 708 (largest as a result of the gold discoveries). More significantly the area of land under crops grew from 64,210 to 201,338 acres ( in 1949 it was 4,292,730 acres).

It was the downturn in gold mining which inadvertently gave Western Australia a new impetus in farming. This was made possible by the foresight of those politicians who had provided the legal and financial skeleton. Gold production fell off noticeably between 1905 and 1908. The result was pronounced unemployment on the gold fields, wharves, in the public service and throughout the state. When gold mining had declined in other colonies the immediate result had been large scale emigration.

Fortunately for Western Australia it had the man to meet the challenge of the time, James Mitchell, who became Minister for Agriculture and Lands in 1909. A former lawyer from the town of Northam, Mitchell was not a man to tolerate opposition when he had made up his mind. He had set his sights on the millions of acres north of Geraldton, inland from Ajana. He changed the system of survey before selection to selection before survey, hired every private surveyor in Western Australia and took on men that needed to be trained. The next was to find the farmers for these hundreds of 1000 acre blocks

Mitchell found them in the goldfields. They were mainly men without agricultural experience and because they were unemployed had little or no money to their names. Once more the Agricultural Bank was the source of bounty. It was now permitted to lend all the cost of clearing land and the amount available for loan was shown on the plan of each block in advance of its being offered for sale. The men taking up the land knew that the day they stopped onto a block they would have the money in their pocket and they knew exactly how much it would be.(p88)

The Ludemann families today.

The history above shows that all the Ludemann's in the first generation became farmers. Or belonged to farming families. The second generation sons continued on pioneering spirit in the same way as there father had done before them.

As each successive generation has been born, the next wave of potential farmers has slowly been reduced. This is in line with increases in technology for farming communities, the cost of farming, land acquisition and the expanding choices that each new generation now has at it feet.

The descendants of Claus Hinrich Ludemann still farm the land across the Australian continent and probably will do so well into the next century.

The Dookie Ludeman Families

There is another Ludeman family within Victoria and their family tree and history has been completed. It is unknown whether the Kamarooka and Dookie Ludeman families are related. This is a copy of part of their early family history.

Henry Frederick Ludeman & Hermine Von Oven

Imagine if you will the 750 ton ship the "Java" with her cargo of merchandise, machinery and passengers, 7 persons in private cabins, 4 persons in second class and 123 person in steerage, plying her way from the west German port of Hamburg to the new and almost unknown settlement of Port Phillip.

The Ships Master was one C.S. Kramer. The Ship left Hamburg on the 12 May 1854 arriving at Port Phillip on the 25 august 1854 after a journey of 105 days.

On board the Java for this particular trip were Mr & Mrs Ludeman, their three male children and one female child aged between the years of 1 and 14 and with their arrival in Port Philip begins the History of the Ludeman Family in Victoria.

Henry Frederick Ludeman was born in Hamburg, West Germany in 1813. Hamburg was one of the former West German greatest ports and second largest towns. Hamburg was badly damaged during the second world war but has been rebuilt and fully restored. Hamburg is situated on the mouth of the river Alster which has been converted in to a fine boating lake. The Population is approximately 1,794,000.

In October 1845 at the age of 32 years Henry married Hermine Susannah Wilhelmina Von Oven in Bremerhaven, West Germany. The City of Bremerhaven lies on the Mouth of the Wester River, 33 miles north of the City of Bremen. Bremerhaven is the largest passenger deep sea and coastal fishing port and has large Shipyards. It has a population of 143,000.

West German history depicts a time from 1840 to 1870 when there were many small wars and revolutions within the Prussian Empire. Robert Wuchatsch in his book "Westgarthtown - the German Settlement of Thomastown" states that although there is no question that religious, political, military and social considerations did influence some emigrants, in reality they left to escape lean time, as did many other Britons and Europeans who emigrated during the same period.

The German emigrants were encouraged by William Westgarth who was largely responsible for German migration direct to Victoria. Westgarth, a prominent Melbourne merchant, financier, politician and historian had noted the activities of the South Australian Germans and had been impressed by their industry frugality, sobriety and general good conduct, which had made them excellent colonists. As a result Westgarth travelled to Germany to arrange assisted emigration for prospective settlers to Port Phillip.

As mentioned earlier Henry and Hermine had four children prior to their departure from Hamburg to Port Phillip. They were;

|Henry Herman Alexander |born 1846 Bremerhaven |

|Julius |born 1848 Bremerhaven |

|John George |born 1850 Bremerhaven |

|Maria known as Mary |born 1853 Bremerhaven |

The Ludeman family lived at Janefield then Wollert on the outskirts of the German Settlement of Westgarthtown, prior to moving to north east Victoria.

Henry was sent to Port Phillip by the West German firm with a miscellaneous stock of merchandise for sale. Finding the market overstocked he shipped the consignment to the East Indies and commenced farming at Janefield, on the Plenty River, which he continued to do until approximately 1869. By 1869 Henry had built a Hotel at WallenWallan and on the 2 January 1869 applied for a publicans license at Whittlesea, then being engaged in farming and hotelkeeping.

The Hotel was known as either the Harvest Home Hotel or the Travellers Home. Henry being the licensee for approximately 10 years. The hotel was described as being "in Bourke county, 17.5 miles to the north, rail to Epping then 3 miles hence".

In 1895 an Emil Schwartz had the license and the hotel was closed in 1909. The memory of this old tavern is preserved by Harvest Home Lane. The Hotel stood on the north west corner of the lanes crossing at the Epping road, the site delineated by pepper trees.

Henry's name appears on the voters role for the north subdivision of the district of Epping dated July 1870.

Henry and Hermine had three more children after their arrival in Port Phillip. They were,

|Charles Benjamin |born 1855, Janefield |

|Susannah Adelide Henrietta |born 1858 Janefield, died 1866 buried at Epping |

|Eleanor Margaret |born 1861 Janefield. |

In 1878 Henry and Hermine moved to north eastern Victoria and lived with their eldest son, prior to Henry obtaining a section of land in the Parish of Waggarandall. This land is located between the townships of Dookie and Tungamah and was purchased from a Mr W Howard. Henry had 37 head of cattle and 4 horses, his name first appearing in the rate book for the Parish of Waggarandall, County of Moira in 1879.

Henry and Hermin's sons Henry Junior, Julius and Charles Benjamin all had land in the same area. Their son John married and lived in Brunswick, Melbourne. Their daughter Marie (Mary) was married and lived in Fitzroy, Melbourne and their youngest daughter Eleanor lived with her parents for a time at Waggarandall.

By 1871 Henry was a invalid, suffering from rheumatism and the management of everything concerned with the farm had devolved to Mrs Ludeman who had conducted affairs most successfully. Henry's occupations as listed on some of the certificated available include farmer, publican and shopkeeper. Henry Frederick died at Waggarandall on the 11 December 1893 from Cardiac atrophy and is buried at the Devenish Cemetery.

Hermine Susannah died at Waggarandall on the 25 July 1906 from pneumonia and is also buried at Devenish

JOHN PETER LUDEMAN 1869 - 1939.

CONTACT NAMES AND ADDRESSES

Colin Taylor

R.M.B. 2255

TIMBOON 3268

Victoria.

055 - 950272

Rae Bellman

RMB 2345

COBDEN 3266

055 - 951794

Joan Symons

"Lanaud"

Drylake Road

Allansford 3277

055 651549

ANNIE LOUISA 1871- 1959

Annie Lousia (Ann) never married and travelled with her brother Edward and sister Alice May to the Goldfields of Kalgoorlie/Boulder in 1900. Ann worked in various hotels and accommodation houses throughout the early 1900's. Ann purchased land with Edward at Bolgart in the 1920's. Ann regularly visited her brothers and sisters in Victoria and with her sister Isabelle's untimely death in 1938, shifted back to Victoria to take care of Isabelle's children.

Ann died in 1959 and is buried in the Raywood Cemetery with her mother and father, Claus Hinrich and Elizabeth Ludemann.

CLAUS HENRY 1873 - 1953

Clause purchased land at Tandara in 1902, being 640 acres of the former Raleigh Estate. It comprised of a weatherboard house of 3 rooms of which another 4 were added onto in later years.

Claus and Bethea who lived only 2 miles away, were married on the 26th of October 1906 and moved to the new property. Clause was 34 years and Bethea 27 years when they were married.

Claus, known as Henry, played football for Kamarooka when he lived on the family farm. This ceased after he shifted to Tandara.

In 1914 he bought a further 64 acres of the former Yarraberb Estate, known as "Fishers". This property had a hotel and stock yards located upon it near the Terrick Road, which was used as a drovers stop over.

By 1926 Henry purchased another 640 acres, known as "Steads" which adjoined Fishers, which James Keith (Keith) still lives today. Henry also purchased another 600 acres which contained the "Matchett" homestead, where his other son Claus Henry (Harry) lived with Mamie.

CLAUSE HENRY LUDEMAN 1910 - 1979

Clause Henry, second son of Claus and Bethea was born on July 14th 1910. Claus or Harry as he was known attended Tandara State School and completed his eduction at Caulfield Grammar. Harry was a member of the school athletic and Football teams at Caulfield Grammar in Melbourne.

Harry returned home after his education in Melbourne to the farm with brothers Keith and Ken on his fathers property at Tandara, Summerfield and Kamarooka. Harry maintained his sporting interests playing Cricket and football and winning the Best and Fairest for the local side Dingee on two occasions.

Harry married Elizabeth Mary Connor at Christ Church Essendon in 1937. Elizabeth's father Edward was the Superintendent of Police in charge of the Flemington District before he retired.

Harry and Elizabeth farmed the Kamarooka property originally the Homestead block of the Matchett family. He was later joined by his sons Ken and Ralph after the had also completed their schooling at Caulfield Grammar. Harry maintained a strong community interest serving as president of the school Hall and Cricket committees.

In 1979 Harry passed away, predeceased by Elizabeth in 1964. The farm is now farmed by his son Ken and daughter-in-law Sue Ludeman.

Ralph and Wendy Ludeman purchased a farm in the Hexham district (near Warrnambool) in the early 1980's and reside near to their distant cousins, being the descendants of John Peter Ludemann.

CONTACT NAMES AND ADDRESSES

Keith Ludeman

P.O.Box 2

RAYWOOD 3570

Victoria.

Colleen Robertson

30 Honeysuckle Street

Bendigo 3550

Ken & Sue Ludeman

70 Short Street

BENDIGO 3550

Victoria.

Ralph & Wendy Ludeman

"Marandee"

RMB 5220

HEXHAM 3273

Victoria

055 - 692250

EDWARD 1875 - 1953

Edward, his sister Ann (Annie Louisa) and younger sister Tot (Alice May) left Kamarooka in 1901 and moved to Kalgoorlie Western Australia. Edward worked as an Engine Driver at the Great Boulder Gold Mine. Edward married Evelyn Wheelwright on 18 March, 1903 at Kalgoorlie/Boulder.

In 1907 Edward with his brother in-law Charles Wheelwright (Evelyn's brother) and Gray (Charles with his brother in-law ), took up blocks of 500 acres in the Bolgart Estate which were being opened up for farming by Midland Railways. Wheelwright and Gray did not stay very long and sold their property to Edward, Evelyn and Anne Ludeman, giving them 988 acres to farm.

Dallas Edward, the first child born to Edward and Evelyn in Boulder in 1904. Dallas was three years of age when the family moved to the new property at Wattening in 1907. Two years after their arrival Evelyn Annie (Elvie) was born and a still born child was later delivered. Henry Charles (Harry) the second son was born in 1915.

The first farm dwelling comprised of two rooms of 12 square feet, standing on 13 inch high wooden stumps and roofed with iron. A kitchen was built alongside a bough shed.

Evelyn actively assisted Edward in the clearing of the property by ringbarking, burning and log removal. The home accommodation was improved in 1914 when Jack Mitchell replaced sections of the old home with a new kitchen and dining room. In 1918 wooden wheels made from white gum blocks and on axles enabled the house to be dragged to its present site of the "Fernlea" Homestead. Morgan Ford built additions which are retained in the current house as it stands today.

The home farm of Fernlea adjoined the property bought by Rudi (Rudolph) Camerer and the close relationship between the two families began. This relationship culminated in the marriage of Alice May Ludemann to Rudi in 1918 in the Vestibule of the Fernlea Home.

FARMING

The motive force in cartage was horse on the Fernlea Farms. Clydesdales were bred on the property and steel rimmed wagons were used up until 1945. Wheat, barley, timber (including sandalwood) and skins were transported to the markets in Perth (75 miles). Transportation was improved when the railway line was opened in 1911 to the Wattening siding which was located three miles away from the farm.

In 1919 Edward purchased a heavily wooded virgin block of 690 acres for 3-5-0 pounds per acre. This property was named "Paisley".

Dallas Edward who had left Wattening School at 15 years of age attended Narrogin Agricultural College for only two terms before it was closed due to a pneumonic influenza pandemic. He returned to the farms and assisted his father in general farm work using horses on both properties.

In 1921 Edward bought further 1196 acres five miles west of the home property "Fernlea". This was known as Canterbury and all of the land was virgin bush.

An IPSA racehorse was purchased during the early 1920's but history does not relate to the succuss or otherwise of this venture.

Edward purchased a Model T Ford in 1924 which took the place of the sulky for their transport. A Dodge Truck was purchased in 1946.

CIVIC

There was considerable civic organisation in the early years of Edward's life in Wattening, particularly his contribution to the building of the Wattening Temperina Hall. The Ludemann and Camerer families were committed Methodists and regular services were conducted on Sundays, while the Wattening Hall was used as a State School during the week. Dallas, Elvie and Harry attended this school with the school teacher being boarded in Edward and Evelyn's home.

Edward and Evelyn were active in their church, sporting lives and this extended to a number of civic responsibilities. They were involved with the building of a stone and brick tiled church in Bolgart, which was consecrated in 1939 as St Augustine's Church of England. Members of the Ludemann and Camerer families continue in the 1990's to attend and support this local church. Evelyn was also a very active member of the Mother's Union during this period.

Tennis Courts, surfaced with anthill and a bough shed built close to the Fernlea house served from the early 1920's until the mid 1940's as the Wattening Tennis club. This was later amalgamated with the Bolgart Tennis Club. Many were hot tennis afternoons were endured and refreshment came in the form of home made ice cream. The ice cream was made on the Fernlea verandah in the billy rotated within salted ice blocks which had been bought 30 miles from Northam.

Edward donated the Ludemann Cup for open competition to the Bolgart Golf Club which continues to be a highly competitive event. Both Edward and Evelyn and subsequent family members have been very active in this sport.

Edward was a member of the Toodyay Roads Board for 22 years and Chairman of Directors of the Toodyay Valley Co-operative and also took a guiding hand in local farmers organisations. He was also a Justice of the Peace. Edward was also Worshipful Master of the Toodyay Freemasons Lodge No 37 in 1931 and his membership was valued to the end of his life.

Evelyn was a pioneer member of the country Women's Association in the early 1920's, establishing the Bolgart Branch which was one of the first within the state. To develop this branch the women faced some opposition from many men in the district.

Edward continued farming on Fernlea until his younger son Harry returned from War Service in 1945. Edward died in 1953 aged 78 from Parkinson's Disease.

Dallas Edward Ludemann

Dallas Edward assisted Edward until he assumed responsibility for farming Paisley in 1924. From that time on Edward employed outside labour. Dallas married Valerie Wright in 1927 having just completed the building of a late Edwardian style house from brick made and fired on the property.

Dallas (Dal) cleared Paisley with the assistance of a CASE Tractor and sold 200 tons of Sandalwood. York gum logs were sold to Oliver of Northern for "Fellies". Fellies are the wood bends around the steel rims and the hubs of wagon wheels. Morrell timber was also sold and used for the spokes of wagon wheels.

The steel wheeled CASE tractor was the first to be purchased in the district and was unique with a east-west engine layout. The tractor today is still in possession of Dallas's eldest son Edward (Ted).

During the 1926-39 period Dallas developed innovative farming methods and was publicly acknowledged as a progressive farmer. He purchased tractors instead of horses and undertook crop trials pasture and myxomatosis experiments.

Dallas followed his parents lead in his civic, church and sporting engagements. From 1969 he was also a Justice of the Peace, a member of the Toodyay Road Board from 1946 and Shire President from 1961 to 1969. He was also a member of the Toodyay Freemasons Lodge from 1926 and Worshipful Master and served as a organist for 60 years.

Dallas leased and share farmed wheat belt acreage and then bought 5000 acres east of Bolgart. This was sold in 1953 and "Glendearg" the adjoining property to "Paisley of 3400 acres was purchased.

Valerie participated equally in women's groups. The teacher at Wattening School boarded with Dal and Val at "Paisley from the time this was no longer available at "Fernlea".

School was conducted in the garage at Paisley for 6 months while the new school was built in 1940. Several local children were also boarded at "Paisley" to maintain school numbers and keep the school open (about 12 children). Dal and Val lived at Glendearg until they retired to Perth and all the farm was sold several years later.

Dallas Edward & Valerie's Family

Dallas and Valerie had 4 children, Delys, Edward, Aubrey and Robert.

Delys was born in 1927. Delys attended Wattening School and the Perth College with correspondence classes (due to the evacuation of the Perth College because of the Second World War and the Red Cross Army hospital taking over the college) and Northam high School.

Delys graduated from the University of Western Australia in Science and undertook post graduate studies at Latrobe University in Melbourne.

Delys has been teaching (Senior lecturer) at Melbourne University since 1950 and has recently been awarded the Member of the Order of Australia (AM) for her pioneering contribution to health and the promotion of community health programs.

Delys married Graham John Sargeant in 1953 and they have established their home in Melbourne. Their three children have now grown into adults - Joanna now in Sydney (secretary), Jacqueline in Melbourne (welfare work with intellectually disabled children) and James Banking in London.

Edward (Ted) eldest son of Dal and Val was born in 1931, educated at Wattening, Northam High School and Muresk Agricultural college and went in to partnership with his father. Edward helped clear the Bolgart property of scrub and timber and several ex WW2 Grant Army tanks were used for this purpose. A foundation member of the Junior Farmers Organisation, Edward also represented Western Australia in debating at the Sydney Royal Show. Edward is also a past master of the Toodyay Freemasons Lodge and has been president and secretary of most district organisations.

Edward married Valma Shepherd and they have four children, Bethea, Brenton, Catherine and Richard.

Vals nursing training was valuable to the community. Before the main farm was sold, Edward purchased 1000 acres adjoining "Paisley" which he is still farming with the assistance of son Brenton and wife Susan. Brenton is also house supervisor caring for intellectually handicapped adults. Richard is a primary school teacher in Broome. Bethea is a nurse and Cathy is an Interior Decorator. Both daughters are married with families.

Edward and Valma live in Darlington, a hills suburb of Perth and Edward commutes to the farm.

Aubrey John Ludeman (John) second son of Dallas and Valerie Ludeman was born on February 6 1934. Educated at Wattening School, Guilford Grammar school for 4 years and 2 years at Northam High School. John left school at 15, after Dallas has an accident while clearing land at Mac-Mac property, 12 miles east of Bolgart.

In 1952 John became a partner in D.E. Ludemann and Sons. In 1952 the partnership purchased 1000 acres known as Blue Hills, 10 miles east of Bolgart. In 1954 John purchased this property from the partnership and subsequently withdrew from the partnership.

Between 1954 and 56 John built a 2 bedroom cement brick home on the property with associated shearing shed and other farming outbuildings. The balance of the 800 acres was also cleared.

In 1956 John married Jocelyn Davy and settled into their home. John and Jocelyn became very involved in the junior farmers Federation of W.A. for which John became district Organiser for the Goomalling district. This area occupied 150 square miles of land from Toodyay to Dalwallinu to Moora.

In 1959 Blue Hills was sold and a 3000 acre property was purchased at Moora. It was later titled "Undanooka" which was aboriginal for underground water. This property had 1200 acres cleared and by 1962 it was fully cleared and under full production. This property carried 1000 acres of crop, 3000 sheep and 100 cattle.

By 1962 there were now three children being, Mark Edward 1958, John Peter 1960 and Sue Ellen Mary 1961.

In 1961 john purchased a property, "Ballanooka" at Ballidu. This was fully cleared and a productive wheat and sheep farm.

Between 1957 and 1963 John also developed a Trucking business for the contract carting of livestock, fuel and superphosphate to the middle and lower northern wheat belt of W.A. This are covered Geraldton to Perth and Merriden to Mullewa.

This facilitated John's dealing in trade livestock. By 1963 the two properties were cropping 4000 acres of wheat, 6000 sheep and turning over 300 head of cattle a year. In 1963, 64 and 1965 John then shared farmed a 7000 acre property at Morine Rock growing wheat.

In 1963 John purchased a half share in a Cessna aeroplane with a neighbour. They both obtained their private pilots license and flew between their respective properties and livestock markets in the eastern wheatbelt.

In 1964 the wheat season was a financial disaster when rust destroyed the total wheat crop on all three wheat properties and there was no grain to provide seed for next years planting.

In October 1965 all assets were sold and the family moved to Perth. At this same period of time the youngest son Michael Aubrey was born on October 13.

In 1965 John worked as a truck and car salesman with a firm in Perth, becoming a partner in 1966 and then selling out his share in 1968.

John then purchased a 4 bedroom home in Mount Pleasant for the family as well as a gold mine at Southern Cross. This mine was later sold in 1970.

Robert Ludemann

Robert was born in 1935, the youngest child of Dallas and Val. Robert was educated in the Paisley Garage, Wattening and then onto the Toojay Primary School. This was followed by Wesley College in Perth as a full time boarder.

Robert left school at 16 years of age to take up the family partnership with Dallas and his brothers Ted and Aubery. In 1949 the family moved from Paisley to Glendearg. During this period Robert joined the young farmers, Toojay Freemasons (later to become Master) and the local golf and tennis clubs.

In 1958 Robert married Carol Davy (sister of Jocelyn). They have 4 children, Christina Ann, Steven Robert, Rodger Graham and Rebecca Gay. Robert's young family moved to "Wangganui" east of Corrigin. They leased and managed 5000 acres mainly using the land for wheat and sheep farming. After experiencing 3 years of drought the family returned to "Glendearg".

In 1968 the family property was sold and Dallas and Val retired to Perth. Robert bought 13 acres at St.Helena and then went into retailing, owning two Toyworld shops at Midland and Carrillion. After 5 years of retailing the marriage ended and Robert sold the business and moved to Victoria in 1989.

Roberts four children have gone onto various different vocations - Christina is a nurse and married Warren Levine - Steven completed an apprentiship in heavy deisel mechanices and later married Leanne Giles.

Rodger works as a pearl farmer Captaining the vessel (Pasquali) in Broome and is married to Michel Cochrane. Rebecca is a student at Flinders University reading for a Masters in Arts in Political Studies.

Henry Charles Roy Ludemann

Henry (Harry) was the youngest son of Edward and Evelyn Ludemann and was born in 1915.

On 12 March, 1942 Henry (Harry) married Adele Keamy, whose father was a prominent merino study breeder at Watheroo. In 1942 Harry joined the R.A.A.F and became a pilot who went to England as a flying officer and served in bomber command with all English crew. He did 18 operations in Lancaster's from the 149 squadron until the war was finished in 1945. Harry returned to the farm after discharge from the R.A.A.F. in 1945.

During the period 1950-60 the fertiliser works conducted state ley farming cropping competitions which Harry won three times with runners-up twice. Around this period Harry and his son Geoffrey formed a farming partnership.

A further farm of 1340 acres (Orlean) was purchased four miles from Fernlea and in 1989 Paisley (which was Dallas's old property) 1388 acres was purchased which adjoined the Orlean farm.

Harry and Adele have 2 children Geoff and Denise. Geoff farms the family property today with assistance from Harry who still plays an active role in the farm - still driving the header at harvest time. Denise completed a hairdressing apprenticeship and then travelled around the world numerous times. Denise now lives in Perth.

Evelyn Ann (Elvie) Ludemann

Evelyn Anne (Elvie) went to school at Wattening and the onto M.L.C. in Perth. Elvie lived at home until she married Wilfred Alexander Stone (Bill) from Calingiri, about 20 miles away from Bolgart.

After marriage they went to a farm at Borden. Elvie enjoyed sport playing golf and tennis at which she was very good. Elvie and Bill had two daughters, Lesley and Jan. Having no sons to carry on farming they both retired to Perth to live.

Elvie enjoyed painting, both China and Watercolours at which she became very proficient. This proficiency extended into taking lessons in this area for others wishing to become involved in this area. Other interests included playing Bridge with her retired family friends. Elvie passed away on the 17/1/92.

CONTACT NAMES AND ADDRESSES

|Ted and Val Ludemann |Ted & Val Ludeman |

|"Ashley" |P.O.Box 113 |

|BOLGART 6568 |Darlington 6070 |

|Western Australia. | |

|096 - 275272. | |

| | |

|Robert Ludemann | |

|83 Fernside Drive | |

|BRIAR HILL 3088 | |

|Victoria | |

|03 - 9432 0482 | |

| | |

|Harry & Adele Ludemann |Geoff Ludemann |

|7 Albert Street |"Fernlea" |

|BOLGART 6568 |BOLGART 6568 |

|Western Australia |Western Australia |

|096 - 275255 |096 - 275333 |

| | |

|Aubrey John Ludemann | |

|P.O.Box 3355 | |

|TAMARAMA 2026 | |

|91302191 | |

|abf@.au | |

CATHERINE 1877 - 1968

On the 7th of October 1908 Catherine Ludemann married Robert Duncan Watson at home on the Kamarooka farm which at this period in time was called "Bessedorf".

The Elmore Standard reported that the Ceremony took place in a

"spacious Barn which was prettily decorated with evergreens and artificial flowers.

A sumptuous repast was afterwards held in a large marque at which about one hundred guests sat down and the usual toasts were honoured. The happy couple left on their honeymoon by the afternoon train for Geelong. During the afternoon a concert was held and in the evening a large number of young people assembled and a pleasant time was spent."

Robert Duncan Watson was one of six, with the Watson family consisting of 5 sons and 1 daughter. Robert Duncan Watson's father was James Watson who had immigrated from Ireland via Liverpool on the 22nd of October 1863. By 1873 James Watson had marked out his selection of 228 acres in the Parish of Tandara.

Catherine and Robert Duncan settled on land purchased after the former "Tandara Estate" was subdivided for closer farming purposes. They lived on the land until they retired to Bendigo in 1945.

Their former farm today is owned by Mr Brian O'Donoghue of Kamarooka

GEORGE THOMAS 1879 - 1953

Elizabeth was always known as "Bess". Bess inherited the farm when her mother died in 1956. Bess married Arthur Evans of Woodvale and they lived in the family house of George and Emily. Arthur Evans had a brother Jim and they had a farm in Woodvale, adjacent to the Whipstick Forest.

George and Fred share farmed the home farm (Claus Hinrich) in the early 1900's and with the break up of the Tandara Estate land became available adjacent to the home farm. Approximately 340 acres were purchased, as well as land adjacent to the Whipstick Forest. This land was located to the south west of the farm.

The farm house was constructed in Kamarooka during the early 1900's and moved to its present site by horse and dray. The Kitchen, bath and lounge were added in 1926.

The farm was sold in 1974 and was bought by Ken & Sue Ludeman who still farm the property today

Bess and Arthur retired to Flora Hill in Bendigo in 1974. Arthur passed away in 1990 and Bess lives today in White Hills.

CONTACT NAMES AND ADDRESSES

Mrs Arthur Evans (Bess)

31 Mahon Ave

Bendigo 3550

054 - 437862

ALICE MAY 1882 - 1962

Alice May Ludemann was a tall (5ft 10") slender good looking woman who was intelligent practical and hardworking with a quite sense of humour. Like her brothers and sisters she had great integrity and character. Alice May came to Western Australia with her brother Edward in 1900 and married Rudolph Edward Camerer on the 5th of August 1918.. The Camera family came from "Lichtenthal" Wattening, near Bolgart.

Rudolph (Rudi) Camerer, his parents and brothers and sisters came to Western Australia from Melbourne in 1906 with the express purpose of selecting land suitable for farming. After a general tour of inspection around the farming districts they selected 1100 acres at Wattening near Bolgart. The property was first named "Lichtenthal"- a German name which means light in the Valley. After World War 1 it was changed to "Halcyou" because of the anti - German feeling at the time.

About the same time Edward Ludeman and family selected adjoining land for their farm. As the land was cleared and houses built a very close relationship between the families developed which resulted in the marriage of Rudolph Camerer and Alice May.

Alice and Rudolph had two children being Leopold Edward and Dorothea Gwendolyn. The children grew up with their Ludemann cousins attending the same school at Wattening. Leo went onto boarding school and then returned home to the farm. Leo became a very successful and capable farmer and was also a keen sportsman playing football tennis and golf as well as being a good runner in his day.

"Halcyou has been Leo's life long farm, except for two years in Libya (1975/76) when he was appointed as agricultural adviser for a Libyan Government Agricultural Project. Leo's sons have also followed the pursuit of farming with Alexander David farming in St George Queensland, Paul Randell in Geraldton and Theodore Ross farming at home with his father.

Three generations and nearly 90 years on the bond between both Camerer and Ludemann families continues to grows.

CONTACT NAMES AND ADDRESSES

Glen Smith

8 Barnato St

HAMERSLEY 6022

Western Australia.

AGNES DORIS 1884 - 1963

Agnes Doris Ludemann left the farm at Kamarooka and trained as a school teacher. One of first appointments was at the WattaWella State School (since closed) some 15 miles from Stawell in Central Victoria.

Agnes, known as Dora boarded in a local home and met and later married John Potter Jnr. John Potter was the second eldest in a family of five sons and one daughter of John Potter Snr. John Potter Snr. owned a 15,000 acres property called the "Elm Estate".

Upon the death of John Snr. the property was divided into equal shares between the five sons. Three of the sons enlisted in World War I and John Jnr. raised a mortgage and bought the share of their farm. Agnes and John Jnr. lived in the homestead on the old Estate which was a large house which also accommodated two maids whilst the size of the farm required several men to be employed by John. The main activities for the farm were of course, sheep and cropping.

Dora and John had four children being three sons and one daughter, the eldest one Jack rode a pony 5-6 miles to school and later on transported the rest of his brothers and sisters in a horse and gig. When Jack left High school he had quite a keen interest in horses which he rode and won in several local horse races at Greens Creek. He also attended sheep auctions and later sold sheep at significant profit until very bad droughts in the 1930's. This necessitated the sale of the property in 1938-39 and the family moved to Geelong, again farming activities were pursued in the Geelong and Sunbury regions in the sheep and wool areas. John Jnr. died in 1954 aged 79.

John's brother, Jack enlisted the RAAF where he met and married Nancy and together they had two daughters. Graeme Potter (known as Pat) enlisted in the Australian Infantry, sixth division and served overseas and was killed in New Guinea in 1943. Robert joined also joined the Military and was stationed in Western Australia in 1948, he married Shirley and together they had five sons. Dorothy married Bill Hardiman in 1947 and had two daughters. Agnes Doris (Dora) died in Geelong 1963 aged 79 years.

FREDERICK WILLIAM 1886 - 1958

With the death of his mother in 1918 the original farm of Claus Hinrich and Elizabeth was passed onto Frederick William (Fred). The farm was initially share farmed with his older brother George Thomas (Tom) until George purchased a farm immediately adjacent (west).

Farming in the Kamarooka area consisted of mainly of cereal growing for Wheat, Oats and Barley with the grazing of sheep and Cattle. Most farms in those days also supplied Eggs and milk from small dairy's and free range poultry pens, which was also the case for the Kamarooka farm.

By 1924 Fred had decided to build a new house to replace the existing Miners type cottage that he had lived in for all of his life. Plans for the 30 square solid concrete house were actually specified in writing and not drawn. The House took 2 years to build and builders from Raywood, W.C.Smith completed the task at a cost of £1609-7-6 in August 1925.

All of the gravel for the concrete was carted out of the Kamarooka Forest by Fred, from the gold diggings via Horse and Dray. The house was typical for its period with its wide verandah's in combination with large gable and hipped roofline. The house differed however in its construction being of solid concrete for all external as well as internal walls.

The house is still in use today and was gradually restored over the 1960/70's by Fred's son John.

Fred's Family

By 1926 Fred married Madge Clarissa Aylwin of Brighton, Melbourne. Madge had been a regular visitor to the Kamarooka area, since her long time school friend Emma Ayres was from a farming family from Kamarooka.

From 1927 to 1933 Fred and Madge had 4 children, being Frederick Peter (Peter), Anne Clarissa, Katherine Isabelle and John Aylwin.

Peter and John attended the local state school at Summerfield, which still exists today (although not in use) some 3 miles from the property on the Elmore - Raywood road. After finishing school at grade 8 both sons returned to the farm to help their father.

Anne and Kath went to Boarding school at Girton College in Bendigo. Upon finishing their secondary education Anne went onto the Bendigo Advertiser as a cadet Journalist, whilst Kath went to the Royal Melbourne Hospital for training as a General Nurse.

Anne married James Bryce Pyman a Chemist from Melbourne in 1952 and had 3 children, being Jan (1955), Jill (1957) and Andrew (1960). Jan and Jill went onto Melbourne University to complete Medicine, whilst Andrew completed Pharmacy.

Jan completed further studies in Pathology, whilst Jill is a General Practitioner in Cambridge, England. Andrew now practises in his fathers Pharmacy in Wellington Parade, East Melbourne.

Peter married Elaine Mary Hill of Eaglehawk in 1955 and had 2 children being Rodd (1956) and David (1958). Rodd is a Manager with the National Bank. David is farming the properties in Summerfield and Kamarooka.

Kath married Geoffrey Howard Jenkins a Jeweller from Melbourne in 1952 and had 2 children, being Peter (1957) and Pamela (1959). Kath and Geoff later settled in Geelong.

Peter like his cousins went to Melbourne University to complete medicine and has just recently completed a further degree in Psychiatry. Pam completed Pharmacy and practises in Melbourne.

John married Elaine Coralie Jones of Melbourne in 1960 and had three children, being Trevor (1960), Janine (1962) and Nicholas (1968). Trevor completed Town Planning at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology and is now a consultant Town Planner . Janine completed Nursing at the Preston and Northcote Community Hospital and currently nurses in Melbourne. Nicholas completed an apprenticeship as an electrician and currently has his own business in Bendigo.

FARMING ACTIVITIES AT KAMAROOKA; From Horses to Tractors.

The Farm from the 1930's to the 1950's produced the common cereal crops along with the grazing of sheep and cattle as well as the production of Milk and Eggs for the Bendigo Markets. Up until the 1920's the wheat variety " Federation " was the most popular due to its resistance to rust. After this period it was replaced by varieties such Magnet, Bencubbin, Pinnacle and Insignia with Olympic being introduced in 1956. Oats were mainly grown for the horse teams, whilst Barley was grown by the 1960's.

Eggs were collected and packaged into wooden egg boxes which were taken to Bendigo by the local store keeper Don Aitken, who visited each farm in the area twice a week. Milk and Cream were also collected by Don, being transported in those days by 5 gallon Cream Cans. The milk and cream were provided from a herd of approximately 6 cows, hand milked from a 3 bail shed. Cream was separated by hand separator.

Cultivation and harvesting of the land was undertaken by the typical equipment in those days which consisted of implements produced by " Golden City Implements " of Bendigo, being the 12 tyne Scarifier, 12 plate disc and the 6 furrow plough. Harvesting and cropping were undertaken by ground drive Sunshine/McKay Harvester's and Combines. Typical widths of the Harvesters combs were 10 feet, whilst the combine was your typical 12 "run" wooden box type. Traction of course was supplied by teams of Draught Horses.

Wheat was delivered to the silo at Raywood, being a 15 mile round trip, by Horse Team and Wagon in 3 bushel Bags. The bags were stacked at the Raywood Railway station up to 20 bags high, which were carried up planks by men called "wheat Lumpers". Later on when Silo's were constructed at the railway station the Bags were manually emptied into the Silo via side pits that the dray pulled alongside of.

The pits emptied into an underground hopper which enabled an elevator to carry the grain into the silo for eventual distribution into railway wagons.

The production of Hay was by ground drive Reaper/Binder, which cut the hay and bound it into bundles ready to be stacked into "stooks" by pitch fork. The Stooks were then picked up by pitch fork onto Horse and Dray for delivery to the Hay stack.

Other equipment also included a Chaff Cutter which was purchased in later years, with contractors visiting the farm on an annual basis with their own Chaff Cutter and Steam Engine for the production of chaff for the horses in the early years.

A simple two stand shearing shed had been erected in the 1940's and all the sheep were shorn by local shearers and by both sons in later years. Pressing of the wool was by the Double Box ESTATES PRESS, which was constructed from solid Kauri Pine. The Press was purchased in the 1940's by Fred and his brother Tom was used up until the 1970's.

Again Wool was transported by Horse and Wagon to the Railway station at Raywood before the purchase of the Austin Truck, in the early 1950's.

Transportation around the farm was by Horse and Gig, whilst transport to Bendigo and other larger distances was by a 1926 Buick Tourer purchased by Fred in 1927 for approximately £700. Other cars bought over this period included a Hudson purchased after the War.

Mechanisation first came to the farm in 1947 with the purchase of a brand new 3 tonne Austin Truck from Guests Motors of Bendigo. This was one of the first Trucks to be sold from Bendigo after World War 2 , as all vehicles were hard to obtain, both during and after this period. This greatly improved all aspects of transportation with respect to Wheat, Wool and Livestock. A wooden stock crate was built at first and used for some years before a steel double deck crate was built to facilitate transport of stock to the Bendigo stockyards.

This was later followed up with the purchase of 40 horsepower "Field Marshall" Single Cylinder diesel tractors in 1952 and 1956, from Roy Innes Motors, of Bendigo.

A Series One with a 3 speed transmission was purchased in 1952, whilst a later Series 3 with a 6 speed transmission complemented the Series One in 1956. Both tractors however did not have Hydraulic equipment or lights in those days, they were optional extras!

Both tractors were Crank-handle or Cartridge start with decompressor. The insertion of a special lighted paper in a cigarette type holder at the front of the cylinder was necessary before starting by crank or cartridge.

The Series three Field Marshall was still in operating condition up until its sale in 1989 and was used occasionally throughout the 1970's as a second tractor for light duties.

With the purchase of the Tractors the ground drive equipment was still able to be used that had previously been used by the Horse teams.

With the purchase of the first tractor in 1952, the "Sunshine A.L." series ground drive Harvester was still used for 2-3 years behind the Field Marshall, with John driving and Peter controlling the elevation of the Comb manually on the Harvester.

Since the Field Marshall's did have "Power Take Off" drives a new "Sunshine No 7 Harvester" was purchased in 1956.

By 1960 another new tractor was purchased being the now famous "Fordson Super Major" which had lights and hydraulics as standard features.

LAND ACQUISITION: 1926 to 1958.

Although Fred inherited the original 320 acres from his father, further land was purchased throughout the period from 1926 to 1958.

In 1930's a further 80 acres was purchased from the Farrell family. This land is located on the intersection of the Elmore - Raywood Road and the Bendigo Whipstick/Tennyson road.

In 1946 a further 520 acres was purchased which is now the farm that Peter developed.

In 1958 with the death of Fred, the two sons share farmed the whole property with John inheriting the Home property and Peter inheriting the property in Summerfield known as "Falls". From 1958 to 1965 both properties were sharefarmed and by 1966 the sharefarming partnership was dissolved with both sons now farming their separate properties.

LAND ACQUISITION; JOHN.

Whilst John inherited the original 701 acres of his fathers, which had also been his Grandfathers Claus Hinrich, further land was purchased throughout the 1960's to 1980's.

In 1965 a further 280 acres was purchased from the Griffith's Family which resided 3 miles east of the farm along the Elmore - Raywood Road.

In the 1960's the former Farrell property was purchased from his Mother Madge and in 1980 a further 320 acres occupied by the Watts Family was also purchased. This property was known as "Bloomfields" and was located opposite the Griffith's land purchased in 1965. The result of all the acquisitions increased the farming area from 710 acres to 1511.

In 1988 John sold the entire farm at auction and retired to Epsom, Bendigo.

LAND ACQUISITION; PETER.

Peter also inherited 720 acres upon the death of his father in 1958. Further property was purchased in 1974 known as Hocking's which resulted in another 800 acres being acquired.

Further land was purchased in 1975 when Arthur and Jim Evans sold their adjoining property.

In the early and late 1980's further adjoining properties owned by Browns were purchased which resulted in another 470 acres being added to the total farm area. Peter now farmed a total of 2500 acres. With the sale of John's farm in 1988 a further 50 acres was acquired which adjoined part of Peter's farm.

Peter retired to Eaglehawk in 1989 however he still helps his son David in the operation of the farm at Summerfield.

CONTACT NAMES AND ADDRESSES

|John & Elaine Ludeman |Trevor Ludeman |

|92 Strickland Street |12 Gladstone Street |

|EPSOM 3550 |SURREY HILLS 3127 |

|Bendigo |Victoria. |

|Victoria. |03 - 9388 0841(wk) |

|0354 - 484501. |03 - 9890 0274 (hm) |

| | |

|Peter & Elaine Ludeman | |

|52 Napier Street | |

|EAGLEHAWK 3556 | |

|0354 - 468452 | |

| | |

|Kath & Geoff Jenkins | |

|11 Hermitage Road | |

|NEWTOWN 3220 | |

|Geelong | |

|0352 211097 | |

| | |

|Andrew & Tania Pyman | |

|8 Currajong Rd | |

|Hawthorn | |

|03-98822802 | |

ISABELLE 1888 - 1938

Isabelle was the youngest of the Ludeman family and was born on 24 August, 1888. Isabelle lived all her life in the Kamarooka district but she did go with her mother for a few months visit to Western Australia, where her brother Edward had purchased a farm. This was probably an adventurous trip in the early years of the century and would no doubt have been taken by sea.

On 5 March, 1919 she married Albert George CAIL. He was from a third generation pioneer family and after their marriage they settled on the original 304 acre farm selected by his grandparents, who had arrived in Kamarooka in 1873.

Albert Cail grandparents were John and Amy Cail who had selected land in the Kamarooka area after arriving from the Ballarat. John and Amy worked in the goldfields and then purchased a 22 acre property at Mt Rowan before proceeding to a larger farm in the Kamarooka area, in August of 1873.

John and Amy had 11 children most of whom were born in the Ballarat area. Their eldest son George married Annie Speedy of Eaglehawk and they had 4 children, being John, Albert, Catherine and Ivor.

Isabelle and Albert had a family of five: four boys, Bruce, John, Harry, Geoffrey and one daughter Joan. As their family grew so did the property as they acquired more land in the Kamarooka area known as Graham's, Healey's and Matchets. All of this land is still owned by fourth or fifth generation Cail's.

Isabelle and Albert contributed greatly to all events in the Kamarooka district with Albert being a keen sportsman who enjoyed horse and dog racing, as well as football and cricket. Today his grandsons and great-grandsons continue in that great tradition.

With respect to home life on the farm it was of great joy to Isabelle for the provision of a windmill which could supply water to the home for the use in her garden. Another great joy was the purchase of large brown Oldsmobile car in the early 1920's.

On 21 April, 1938 Isabelle met an untimely death, the first in the family of ten, and it was considered a district tragedy. Isabelle older sister, Annie Louise who had previously come to live with the family after staying in Western Australia for some years, stayed and helped care for the Cail children.

CONTACT NAMES AND ADDRESSES

Joan Cail

Unit 10

48-50 Sternberg Street

BENDIGO 3550

The Ludemann Family

Tree and History

1800 - 1996

John Peter Ludemann

(1869-1939)

married

Catherine Gentner

(1871-1950)

Clause Hinrich

Ludemann

Descendants

from

1869 to 1996

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